Early clinical outcome prediction based on the initial National Early Warning Score + Lactate (News+L) Score among adult emergency department patients.

Background: The National Early Warning Score + Lactate (NEWS+L) Score has been previously shown to outperform NEWS alone in prediction of mortality and need for critical care in a small adult ED study. We validated the score in a large patient data set and constructed a model that allows early prediction of the probability of clinical outcomes based on the individual's NEWS+L Score.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included all adult patients who visited the ED of a single urban academic tertiary-care university hospital in South Korea for five consecutive years (1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019).

The effect of shoulder muscle succinylcholine injection on the foreleg raising power: Sion's local paralysis.

Objective: We examined the change in foreleg raising power after Sion's local paralysis (SLP) with succinylcholine in the shoulder muscle.

Methods: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, porcine study was designed and performed at a research institution. Ten male Korean native pigs were randomized into an intervention group (n = 5) and a control group (n = 5).

Impact of intravesical administration of tranexamic acid on gross hematuria in the emergency department: A before-and-after study.

Introduction: Local applications of tranexamic acid (TXA) have been effective in treating various hemorrhagic conditions. In patients with gross hematuria, the main treatment in the emergency department (ED) is continuous bladder irrigation (CBI). However, CBI has no pharmacological effects except blood clot removal from dilution.

Evaluation of the sequential organ failure assessment score and newly introduced criteria - Traumasis - in traffic collision patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and the newly introduced criteria, traumasis, defined as a SOFA score 2 or more among trauma patients.

Methods: Consecutive adult traffic collision patients who were admitted to the study hospital emergency department (ED) from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled retrospectively in the study. The primary outcome was in-hospital death.

Change in jaw occlusive power by paralysis of masseter muscle with a neuromuscular blocker: Sion's masseter muscle paralysis.

Study Objective: We aimed to determine whether jaw occlusive power decreases with the injection of neuromuscular blocking agents in masseter muscle - a method we named Sion's masseter muscle paralysis (SMP).

Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled animal study was conducted in which researchers were blinded to group allocation. We used 12 male mongrel dogs aged 10-12 months and weighing 30-35 kg.

Mortality difference between early-identified sepsis and late-identified sepsis.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the mortality rates of patients with early-identified (EI) sepsis and late-identified (LI) sepsis.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the emergency department and diagnosed with sepsis. EI sepsis was defined as patients with a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score ≥2, based on 3 parameters of the SOFA score (Glasgow coma scale, mean arterial pressure, and partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio), measured within an hour of emergency department admission.

The prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on in-hospital mortality in admitted adult traffic accident patients.

Background: The predictive value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in acute illness is well known, but further evaluation is needed in traffic accident patients.

Methods: This retrospective observational study enrolled consecutive adult patients involved in traffic accidents who were admitted to the study hospital's emergency department during 1 year. The initial platelet and lymphocyte counts after arrival at the emergency department were the variables of interest.

Changes in peak expiratory flow rates using two head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver angles in young healthy conscious volunteers.

Background: The head-tilt/chin-lift (HT/CL) maneuver is simple and routinely used to open a closed upper airway.

Objectives: It has yet to be determined whether increasing the HT/CL angle further would be beneficial.

Methods: We enrolled 60 (30 males) 20-year-old conscious participants.

Change in peak expiratory flow rate after the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver among young, healthy, and conscious volunteers.

Objective: The head-tilt/chin-lift (HT/CL) is a simple, routinely used maneuver to open the upper airway. Changes in the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) before and after the HT/CL maneuver have not been evaluated among conscious volunteers who are regarded as a control cohort.

Methods: Sixty healthy 20-year-old volunteers (30 males and 30 females) were enrolled.

Incidence of acute cerebral infarction or space occupying lesion among patients with isolated dizziness and the role of D-dimer.

Background: To determine the incidence of acute cerebral infarction or space occupying lesion (SOL) among patients with isolated vertigo or dizziness (IVD) and to evaluate the role of cerebellar function test (CFT) and D-dimer to discriminate ACI/SOL and non-ACI/SOL.

Methods: A retrospective study of consecutive emergency department (ED) patients with IVD during one year was conducted. ACI was based on the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI), and SOL was based on the concurrent MRI sequences.

Comparison of the National Early Warning Score+Lactate score with the pre-endoscopic Rockall, Glasgow-Blatchford, and AIMS65 scores in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Objective: We compared the predictive value of the National Early Warning Score+Lactate (NEWS+L) score with those of other parameters such as the pre-endoscopic Rockall score (PERS), Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), and albumin, international normalized ratio, altered mental status, systolic blood pressure, age older than 65 years score (AIMS65) among patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with UGIB during 2 consecutive years. The primary outcome was the composite of in-hospital death, intensive care unit admission, and the need for ≥5 packs of red blood cell transfusion within 24 hours.

Incidence of bacteremia and antimicrobial resistance, and associated factors among patients transferred from long-term care hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of bacteremia and antimicrobial resistance, and associated factors among infectious patients transferred from long-term care hospitals (LTCHs).

Methods: Consecutive adult patients who were transferred for suspected infection from affiliated LTCH's to study hospital emergency department (ED) over a 12 month period from January to December 2016 were included retrospectively. Patients with positive blood cultures (excluding contaminants as clinically determined) were defined as primary measure and subjected to further analysis according to antimicrobial resistance pattern.

Diagnostic performance of initial serum albumin level for predicting in-hospital mortality among aspiration pneumonia patients.

Purpose: The predictive value of serum albumin in adult aspiration pneumonia patients remains unknown.

Methods: Using data collected during a 3-year retrospective cohort of hospitalized adult patients with aspiration pneumonia, we evaluated the predictive value of serum albumin level at ED presentation for in-hospital mortality.

Results: 248 Patients were enrolled; of these, 51 cases died (20.

Predictive value of the National Early Warning Score-Lactate for mortality and the need for critical care among general emergency department patients.

Study Objectives: What is the predictive value of the National Early Warning Score-Lactate (NEWS-L) score for mortality and the need for critical care in general emergency department (ED) patients?

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled all adult patients who visited the ED of an urban academic tertiary-care university hospital in South Korea over 2 consecutive months. The primary outcome was 2-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were the need for critical care (advanced airway use, vasopressor or inotropic agent use, intensive care unit admission) during an ED stay; 2-day composite outcome (2-day mortality and the need for critical care); 7-day mortality; and in-hospital mortality.

Comprehensive interpretation of hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality on the clinical outcomes among ischemic stroke patients.

Background: Hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality are associated with poor outcomes among acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality, as a combination measure, with poor outcome among AIS patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of AIS patients admitted to the study hospital emergency department between January and December 2014.