CARD9-Mediated Macrophage Responses and Collagen Fiber Capsule Formation Caused by Textured Breast Implants.

Background: An increasing number of women are undergoing breast implantation for cosmetic purposes or for reconstructive purposes after breast excision. The surface morphology of the breast implant is a key factor associated with the induction of capsule contraction. The effect of surface morphology on the inflammatory response after implant insertion remains unclear, however.