Frequent expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma tissues from persons living with HIV.

Objective: The increased risk for persons living with HIV to develop diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) even in the post-antiretroviral therapy eras suggests a role beyond immunosuppression in lymphoma development. However, the mechanisms leading to lymphoma in the HIV setting are not fully understood. HIV is known to induce activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) levels in nonneoplastic B cells in vitro and chronic AID expression may play an important role in lymphomagenesis.

The Role of Sirtuin 3 in Radiation-Induced Long-Term Persistent Liver Injury.

In patients with abdominal region cancers, ionizing radiation (IR)-induced long-term liver injury is a major limiting factor in the use of radiotherapy. Previously, the major mitochondrial deacetylase, sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), has been implicated to play an important role in the development of acute liver injury after total body irradiation but no studies to date have examined the role of SIRT3 in liver's chronic response to radiation. In the current study, ten-month-old Sirt3 and Sirt3 male mice received 24 Gy radiation targeted to liver.

PCB11 Metabolite, 3,3'-Dichlorobiphenyl-4-ol, Exposure Alters the Expression of Genes Governing Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Absence of Functional Sirtuin 3: Examining the Contribution of MnSOD.

Although the production of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is prohibited, the inadvertent production of certain lower-chlorinated PCB congeners still threatens human health. We and others have identified 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB11) and its metabolite, 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl-4-ol (4OH-PCB11), in human blood, and there is a correlation between exposure to this metabolite and mitochondrial oxidative stress in mammalian cells. Here, we evaluated the downstream effects of 4OH-PCB11 on mitochondrial metabolism and function in the presence and absence of functional Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial fidelity protein that protects redox homeostasis.

Development and testing of AAV-delivered single-chain variable fragments for the treatment of methamphetamine abuse.

Methamphetamine (METH) substance abuse disorders have major impact on society, yet no medications have proven successful at preventing METH relapse or cravings. Anti-METH monoclonal antibodies can reduce METH brain concentrations; however, this therapy has limitations, including the need for repeated dosing throughout the course of addiction recovery. An adeno-associated viral (AAV)-delivered DNA sequence for a single-chain variable fragment could offer long-term, continuous expression of anti-METH antibody fragments.