Risk factors of COVID-19 vertical transmission among pregnant and non-pregnant Filipinos in Metro Manila: a multicentre cohort study protocol.

Introduction: The novel (COVID-19 was first reported to have originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. This new strain, SARS-CoV-2, has spread rapidly worldwide, prompting the WHO to declare the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic. The main objective of this cohort study is to determine the risk factors of COVID-19, the modes of COVID-19 vertical transmission, and the maternal and fetal outcomes among non-pregnant and pregnant women and their fetuses.

Physical Therapy for Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Isolation: Feasibility and Pilot Implementation of Telehealth for Delivering Individualized Therapy.

Objective: To optimize the ability of hospitalized patients isolated because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to participate in physical therapy (PT).

Design: This was a prospective quality improvement trial of the feasibility and acceptability of a "hybrid" in-person and telerehabilitation platform to deliver PT to hospitalized adults.

Setting: Inpatient wards of a tertiary care, multispecialty academic medical center in the greater New York City metropolitan area.

The "Fistula VAC," a technique for management of enterocutaneous fistulae arising within the open abdomen: report of 5 cases.

Background: Management of intestinal fistulae in open abdominal wounds remains a significant clinical challenge for those caring for patients surviving damage control abdominal operations. Breaking the cycle of tissue inflammation, infection, and sepsis, resulting from leakage of enteric contents, should be a major goal in the approach to these complex patients. We describe a technique utilizing vacuum assisted closure (VAC) which achieves control of enteric flow from fistulae in open abdominal wounds.

Cystic degeneration of medullary bone infarction evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging correlated with pathologic examination.

Objective: To evaluate the imaging pattern of cystic degeneration of medullary infarcts of the long bones. Medullary infarction of the long bones is a well-recognized entity. Cystic degeneration, however, is extremely rare and may frequently cause difficulty in the differential diagnosis.

A comparison of intertendinous and classical approaches to popliteal nerve block using magnetic resonance imaging simulation.

Unlabelled: The classical approach to sciatic nerve block in the popliteal fossa (popliteal block) often requires multiple attempts to localize the sciatic nerve. Recently, it has been suggested that an intertendinous approach to popliteal block may result in a more consistent localization of the sciatic nerve. In the current study, we compared anatomical landmarks for the intertendinous and classical approaches to popliteal block with respect to the accuracy in localizing the sciatic nerve using magnetic resonance imaging simulation.

Expression of pituitary-tumour transforming gene in colorectal tumours.

Background: Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes angiogenesis and mitogenesis in colon carcinomas. Pituitary-tumour transforming gene (PTTG1) causes in-vitro and in-vivo transformation, regulates secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor, and inhibits chromatid separation. Most normal tissues show little or no PTTG1 expression but cancer cells express the gene abundantly.

Early involvement of estrogen-induced pituitary tumor transforming gene and fibroblast growth factor expression in prolactinoma pathogenesis.

Pituitary tumors are commonly encountered, and result from clonal expansion of a single mutated cell. Hypothalamic hormones, local growth factors and circulating sex steroid hormones promote pituitary tumor growth and expansion into large invasive tumors. Estrogen acting directly through its receptor and by stimulation of fibroblast growth factor regulates prolactin synthesis and secretion.

Virtual microscopy and the Internet as telepathology consultation tools. A study of gastrointestinal biopsy specimens.

Telepathology (TP) is the practice of pathology at a distance using videomicroscopy and telecommunication tools. We explore the use of "virtual microscopy" techniques and the Internet as tools for TP gastrointestinal biopsy consultations. Thirty-five gastrointestinal biopsy specimens were photographed in Los Angeles by using a high-resolution digital camera, a light microscope, and a Pentium 166 microcomputer.

Estimation of tumor stage and lymph node status in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma using probabilistic neural networks and logistic regression.

Staging colorectal adenocarcinoma on the basis of biopsy specimens could identify patients who might benefit from neoadjuvant therapy without undergoing resection first. In this study, we evaluated the ability of artificial neural networks with genetic algorithms and multivariate logistic regression to predict the stage of 99 patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma by analyzing age, tumor grade, and immunoreactivity to p53 and bcl-2 with use of endoscopically obtained biopsy specimens. We correlated results with regional lymph node status and tumor stage, identified in subsequent colectomy specimens.

Tomography versus computed tomography for assessing step off in intraarticular distal radial fractures.

Computed tomography scans have supplanted conventional tomography for many applications and often are considered the imaging study of choice for assessing intraarticular distal radial fractures. Concern about cost containment in healthcare delivery prompts the question of whether the two studies provide comparable information and at what cost. Common intraarticular distal radial fractures were created in 12 lightly embalmed cadaveric specimens.

Hepatocellular carcinoma with fibrolamellar pattern in a patient with autoimmune cholangitis.

A 75-year-old woman with a 15-year history of autoimmune cholangitis underwent orthotopic liver transplantation because of progressive liver decompensation. A clinically unsuspected hepatocellular carcinoma was found. A portion of the tumor showed fibrolamellar differentiation.

Considering Mycobacterium haemophilum in the differential diagnosis for lytic bone lesions in AIDS patients who present with ulcerating skin lesions.

Mycobacterium haemophilum has recently been recognized as a newly emerging cause of osteomyelitis in immunocompromised patients. While still uncommon, its incidence has increased significantly with the growing AIDS epidemic. Like its relative M.

Evaluation of "neocollateral" ligament formation by magnetic resonance imaging after total excision of the proximal interphalangeal collateral ligaments.

The presence of palpable thickening and maintenance of stability within weeks of total excision of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint collateral ligaments is an established, although somewhat mysterious, phenomenon. To further investigate this postoperative thickening, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained on 10 joints in 9 patients who had undergone total ligament excision for posttraumatic stiff PIP joints 3 months to 14 years earlier. Although the ultrastructure of these newly formed structures is yet unknown, their palpable consistency, MRI contour, distribution, and signal intensity suggest the formation of a new soft tissue structure, albeit scar, which has all the attributes of a collateral ligament.

MR evaluation of rotator cuff pathology using T2-weighted fast spin-echo technique with and without fat suppression.

Objective: This study was designed to compare MR imaging findings from T2-weighted fast spin-echo images with and without fat suppression and then to compare surgical results with those MR imaging interpretations in the evaluation of rotator cuff disease.

Subjects And Methods: T2-weighted fast spin-echo images--with and without fat suppression--of 177 shoulder MR imaging studies were reviewed separately in a retrospective, randomized, and blinded fashion. Both sets of images were read in conjunction with the corresponding proton density-weighted images.

Degenerative changes of the trapeziometacarpal joint: radiologic assessment.

The trapeziometacarpal joint is particularly prone to osteoarthritis due to the great amount of stress applied with everyday activities with the hands. In this essay, radiologic assessment and staging of "basal joint" osteoarthritis, treatments based on radiologic staging and intraoperative findings, and surgical complications are described.

Abnormal geometry of the distal radioulnar joint: MR findings.

Previously developed criteria of normal distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) axial geometry were applied to routine magnetic resonance (MR) images of 50 wrists. All wrists lacked clinically evident DRUJ instability. An attempt to apply the three geometric criteria to seven of the cases was not possible, since the prescribed landmarks were not visible.

Foot drop in a long-distance runner. An unusual presentation of neurofibromatosis.

An athletic patient presented with a nontraumatic peroneal neuropathy that failed to resolve after a period of rest. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) showed a multilobulated mass in the course of the common peroneal nerve consistent with a plexiform neurofibroma. Surgical exploration revealed a mass, which coursed from the midthigh to the fibular neck, that was intimately involved with the fibers of the nerve bundle and had cystic degeneration with vesicles along its length.

Femoral neck anteversion in ballerinas.

The elite ballet dancer has greater-than-average turnout, or external rotation, in the hip. Anatomic constraints, such as the angle of version of the femoral neck, or the femoral neck anteversion (FNA) angle, may limit the amount of external rotation or turnout in the hip. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dancers who have better-than-average turnout have lower-than-average FNA angles.

Value of unenhanced spin-echo MR imaging in distinguishing between synovitis and effusion of the knee.

Objective: We performed a study to determine if unenhanced spin-echo MR imaging can be used to differentiate effusion from synovitis of the knee joint.

Materials And Methods: Unenhanced spin-echo MR imaging examinations of 1051 consecutive patients referred for evaluation of internal derangement of the knees were reviewed. Twelve of 550 knees with significant joint effusion also had thickened or irregular synovium.

MR imaging of the knee: clarification of its role.

In an attempt to further delineate the role of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in evaluating knee pathology, a retrospective study of 60 patients who underwent MR scanning before arthroscopy was undertaken. For medial meniscus tears, the sensitivity of MR imaging was 97% whereas its specificity was 77%. For lateral meniscus tears, MR imaging was 90% sensitive and 87% specific.

MR imaging of displaced bucket-handle tear of the medial meniscus.

A bucket-handle tear of the meniscus is a vertical or oblique tear with longitudinal extension toward the anterior horn in which the inner fragment is frequently displaced toward the intercondylar notch with resultant mechanical locking of the knee joint. A precise MR diagnosis requires identification of the centrally displaced fragment because the peripheral nondisplaced component may have only a subtle truncated or foreshortened appearance that may escape detection. Eighteen consecutive cases of displaced bucket-handle tears of the medial meniscus diagnosed by MR had a characteristic low-signal band extending across the joint and projecting over the medial tibial eminence.

Magnetic resonance evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament repair using the patellar tendon double bone block technique.

The magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was determined in 20 clinically stable and 2 clinically unstable knees for a total of 22 examinations. All patients studied had undergone knee reconstruction using the patellar tendon as graft material. The reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament varies in appearance.

MRI of postamputation neuromas.

Magnetic resonance imaging of 24 symptomatic lower limb amputations revealed that postamputation neuromas were easily diagnosed in above-the-knee amputees. Visualization of nerve trunks in below-the-knee amputees was difficult due to greater compactness of calf muscles. Neuromas on magnetic resonance imaging appeared ovoid or rounded and were usually heterogenous and isointense with muscle.

Magnetic resonance imaging of para-articular and ectopic ganglia.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in (1) improving preoperative identification of soft tissue ganglia and in (2) enhancing management by defining their origins, attachments, and extensions. Magnetic resonance images of 17 ganglia were evaluated for intrinsic signal, internal structure, overall shape, and relationship to joints and tendon sheaths using a Philips 0.5 Tesla superconductive magnet with receiver dedicated surface coils.

Ankle tendons: evaluation with CT.

Computed tomographic (CT) analysis of 21 clinically suspected ankle tendon injuries was performed in 18 patients. In six of the 21 ankles surgical exploration was done, and in one ankle evaluation was done while the patient was under anesthesia. In all seven cases the CT findings were confirmed and in three the clinical diagnosis was disproved.