Transposon-sequencing across multiple isolates reveals significant functional genomic diversity among strains.

Unlabelled: ) is a clinically significant pathogen and a highly genetically diverse species due to its large accessory genome. The functional consequence of this diversity remains unknown mainly because, to date, functional genomic studies in have been primarily performed on reference strains. Given the growing public health threat of infections, understanding the functional genomic differences among clinical isolates can provide more insight into how its genetic diversity influences gene essentiality, clinically relevant phenotypes, and importantly, potential drug targets.

Downstaging of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma followed by liver transplantation using immune checkpoint inhibitors: Where do we stand?

Liver transplantation (LT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver disease (CLD) is limited by factors such as tumor size, number, portal venous or hepatic venous invasion and extrahepatic disease. Although previously established criteria, such as Milan or UCSF, have been relaxed globally to accommodate more potential recipients with comparable 5-year outcomes, there is still a subset of the population that has advanced HCC with or without portal vein tumor thrombosis without detectable extrahepatic spread who do not qualify or are unable to be downstaged by conventional methods and do not qualify for liver transplantation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as atezolizumab, pembrolizumab, or nivolumab have given hope to this group of patients.

May-Thurner Syndrome in a Case of Left Iliofemoral Vein Thrombosis With Contralateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscess in the Post-postpartum Period.

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is a rare, yet important, differential diagnosis in reproductive-age women with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It is characterized by the compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common artery against the lumbar vertebra. The condition is complicated by recurrent DVT with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).

Ureteric Leiomyosarcoma.

Ureteric leiomyosarcoma is a rare but aggressive tumor among other sarcomas. There is no established epidemiological data due to the scarcity of literature on this uncommon disorder. The present literature comprises about 20 case reports mostly of women above 40 years of age.

A Rare Case of Stiff Person Syndrome With Pulmonary Complications.

Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a specific neurological condition, as it's both rare and unique. SPS is distinguished by muscle rigidity that occurs in waves with simultaneous painful and debilitating muscular spasms. Tactile or auditory stimuli can induce spasms.

Early access provision: Awareness, educational needs and opportunities to improve oncology patients' access to care.

Background: An unmet medical need exists for many oncology patients who cannot be treated satisfactorily by available therapeutic options. Early access provision (EAP) is endorsed by competent authorities to improve patient access to innovative medicinal products (InMPs). This paper determined awareness and understanding among practicing physicians of integrated EAP protocols, and of the procedures involved in EAP applications for oncology trials prior to marketing authorization.

Liver abscesses caused by visceral larva migrans: Aimless wanderer separated from the host.

Visceral larva migrans (VLM) is a systemic zoonotic parasitic disease caused by migration of the second stage larva through viscera of humans. Despite being a foremost public health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India, larva migrans remains an untended zoonosis. Here, we report two cases of VLM who presented with fever and abdominal pain for a prolonged duration.

Isolation and characterization of serotype O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing in healthy Indian cattle.

Background And Aim: Cattle are the main reservoir of O157:H7 and other verotoxigenic (VTEC); therefore, there is an increased risk of infection to humans by either direct or indirect mode of transmissions. However, the prevalence of O157:H7 in the healthy cattle population of India is yet to be ascertained. This study aimed to screen the dairy cattle in and around Pune, Maharashtra, India, for verotoxin-producing O157:H7.

Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Involving Entire Ventricular System.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare tumor that accounts for <1%-4% of primary CNS tumor. PCNSLs are class of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas which are primarily of diffuse large B-cell origin (90%), with remaining being T-cell lymphoma (10%). Author report a rare case of PCNSL presenting as an intracranial mass involving the entire ventricular system, in an immunocompetent 36-year-old male with severe headache, decreased vision, and unsteady gait.

The impact of unifying agricultural wholesale markets on prices and farmers' profitability.

As a leading effort to improve the welfare of smallholder farmers, several governments have led major reforms in improving market access for these farmers through online agricultural platforms. Leveraging collaboration with the state government of Karnataka, India, this paper provides an empirical assessment on the impact of such a reform-implementation of the Unified Market Platform (UMP)-on market prices and farmers' profitability. UMP was created in 2014 to unify all trades in the agricultural wholesale markets of the state to be carried out within a single platform.

Intracranial Hemorrhage in a Young Woman: An Unusual Initial Presentation of Undiagnosed Choriocarcinoma.

Choriocarcinoma is an uncommon tumor. Undiagnosed choriocarcinoma initially presenting with intracranial hemorrhage in an apparently healthy female is rare and presents a diagnostic difficulty. The authors report a case presenting as intracranial hemorrhage of unsuspected choriocarcinoma.

Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma involving nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and all paranasal sinuses with bilateral orbital and intracranial extension: A rare case report.

Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma (SNTCS) is one of the rarest, aggressive malignant neoplasms of sinonasal tract, consisting of primitive neuroepithelial elements with various malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Previously described as teratoid carcinosarcoma, malignant teratoma, or blastoma, SNTCS constitutes less than 1% of all cancers and approximately 3% of all malignancies of head and neck region, which is mainly located in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, although tumors occurring in other locations including the nasopharynx and oral cavity have been described. Here, we are presenting a 22-year-old patient with SNTCS involving the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and all paranasal sinuses with bilateral orbital and intracranial extension treated with surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Cytogenetically confirmed primary Ewing's sarcoma of the pancreas.

Ewing's sarcoma is a highly aggressive malignant tumour most commonly affecting long bones in children and adolescents. It is part of the Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours (ESFTs) that also include peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour and Askin's tumours. ESFTs share common cytogenetic aberrations, antigenic profiles and proto-oncogene expression with an overall similar clinical course.

Malignant solitary fibrous tumour of orbit.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare neoplasm that is thought to be of mesenchymal origin. Occurrence of such a tumor in the orbit is rare, more so in its malignant form. Histopathologically, it can mimic several other tumors of the orbit and can be differentiated by CD34 positivity.

Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma with invasion of bone: A case report and review of literature.

Lymphoplasmacyte-rich (LPR) meningioma is a rare variant of meningioma, which is characterized by conspicuous infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes and a variable proportion of meningothelial elements, and is classified as a grade I tumor in World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of central nervous system. The origin and biological behavior of this rare variant of meningioma is still not clear. Till date, very few cases of LPR meningioma have been reported globally.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the skull with extra and intracranial extension presenting with bulky scalp mass lesion.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the cranium with extra- and intracranial extension without systemic or skeletal manifestation in a non-immunocompromised patient is extremely rare. These lesions are most of the time misdiagnosed because they mimic other conditions like meningioma. Here, we report a case presented with huge bulky scalp mass which on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed involvement of scalp, cranial vault, meninges, and the brain parenchyma, mimicking a meningioma.

Malignant metastatic carcinoid presenting as brain tumor.

Carcinoid tumors are rarely known to metastasise to the brain. It is even more rare for such patients to present with symptoms related to metastases as the initial and only symptom. We present a case of a 60-year-old man who presented with hemiparesis and imaging features suggestive of brain tumor.

ESSENS dyslipidemia: A placebo-controlled, randomized study of a nutritional supplement containing red yeast rice in subjects with newly diagnosed dyslipidemia.

Objective: Evidence suggests prolonged exposure to lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), starting at a younger age, substantially lowers cardiovascular (CV) risk. Accordingly, the CV pandemic affecting younger population in low- to low-middle-income countries, where statin usage is poor even in secondary prevention, may benefit from lipid-lowering nutritional products, as nutritional intervention is generally preferred in these cultures. However, the safety and efficacy of such preparations have not been systematically tested.

A Comparative Study of Histopathology of Astrocytomas with Intraoperative Cytology with Special Reference to MIB-1 Labelling Index.

Background: Although radiological imaging and surgical techniques have substantially improved, assessment of prognosis by grading astrocytoma has been challenging task for pathologists. We have tried to assess these tumours intraoperatively for rapid diagnosis. Also MIB-1Labelling index (MIB-1 LI) was done to study their proliferative activity.