Deep Learning techniques to detect and analysis of multiple sclerosis through MRI: A systematic literature review.

Deep learning (DL) techniques represent a rapidly advancing field within artificial intelligence, gaining significant prominence in the detection and analysis of various medical conditions through the analysis of medical data. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) focused on deep learning methods for the detection and analysis of multiple sclerosis (MS) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The initial search identified 401 articles, which were rigorously screened, a selection of 82 highly relevant studies.

Hydrogen Sulphide: A Key Player in Plant Development and Stress Resilience.

Based on the research conducted so far, hydrogen sulphide (HS) plays a crucial role in the development and stress resilience of plants. HS, which acts as a signalling molecule, responds to different stresses such as heavy metals, drought, and salinity, and it regulates various aspects of plant growth and development including seed germination, root development, stomatal movement, flowering, and fruit ripening. Additionally, HS is involved in mediating legume-Rhizobium symbiosis signalling.

Spatiotemporal regulation of anther's tapetum degeneration paved the way for a reversible male sterility system in cotton.

Male sterility is an important agronomical trait in self-pollinating plants for producing cost-effective F1 hybrids to harness the heterosis. Still, large-scale development and maintenance of male sterile lines and restoring fertility in F1 hybrids pose significant challenges in plant hybrid breeding. Cotton is a self-pollinating crop and exhibits strong hybrid vigor.

Wet and dry spell induced changes in the soil CO effluxes of Pine and Oak ecosystems of Central Himalaya: a comparative assessment for monsoon and winter seasons.

Soil efflux of CO ( ) is known to be dependent on natural drying and rewetting of the soil. Although the central Indian Himalayan region is predominantly occupied with two ecosystems, i. e.

Effect of Nutritional Rehabilitation on Neurodevelopmental Status of Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition.

Objective: To evaluate the change in the neurodevelopmental status of children (1-30-months-old) with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) following nutritional rehabilitation.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Severe Malnutrition Therapeutic Unit (SMTU) of a tertiary hospital in Central India, between April 2021 and October 2022. Children with primary neurological conditions like cerebral palsy and epilepsy were excluded.

Declining Trend in Antimicrobial Sensitivity in Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens against Commonly Used Drugs at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major health issue. To determine trends in bacterial organisms in respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and their antibiotic sensitivity at a tertiary care center in India, we performed this study.

Methods: Successive samples received from January 2017 to December 2021 from the respiratory tract (sputum, endotracheal secretion, and bronchoalveolar lavage) from intensive care units and medical inpatients were processed for bacterial growth.

Temporal dynamics of urban air pollutants and their correlation with associated meteorological parameters: an investigation in northern Indian cities.

This study delves into the intricate dynamics of air pollution in the rapidly expanding northern regions of India, examining the intertwined influences of agricultural burning, industrialization, and meteorological conditions. Through comprehensive analysis of key pollutants (PM, PM, NO, SO, CO, O) across ten monitoring stations in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, and Punjab, a consistent pattern of high pollution levels emerges, particularly notable in Delhi. Varanasi leads in SO and O concentrations, while Moradabad stands out for CO levels, and Jalandhar for SO concentrations.

Isolation and characterisation of lignin using natural deep eutectic solvents pretreated kenaf fibre biomass.

Extraction of lignin via green methods is a crucial step in promoting the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomasses. In the present study, utilisation of natural deep eutectic solvent for the pretreatment of kenaf fibres biomass is performed. Furthermore, extracted lignin from natural deep eutectic solvent pretreated kenaf biomass was carried out and its comparative study with commercial lignin was studied.

Bark thickness and related parameters of tree species along an elevation transect leading to treeline in Central Himalaya.

Since treelines are generally fire-free, the trees growing there are expected to have thin bark, unless adaptation to other factors than fire results in the selection of a thick bark. Related to this is also higher proportional investment in inner bark in such an environment of infrequent fire. This study has considered stem bark thickness both in absolute and relative terms and also in the frame of the composition of outer and inner bark components of 20 tree species along an elevation transect (2100-3300 m) in high ranges of the Central Himalaya leading to treelines.

Arabidopsis BECLIN1-induced autophagy mediates reprogramming in tapetal programmed cell death by altering the gross cellular homeostasis.

In flowering plants, the tapetum degeneration in post-meiotic anther occurs through developmental programmed cell death (dPCD), which is one of the most critical and sensitive steps for the proper development of male gametophytes and fertility. Yet the pathways of dPCD, its regulation, and its interaction with autophagy remain elusive. Here, we report that high-level expression of Arabidopsis autophagy-related gene BECLIN1 (BECN1 or AtATG6) in the tobacco tapetum prior to their dPCD resulted in developmental defects.

Utilization of Crown Residue Husk as a Sustainable Strength Additive for EPR/LDPE Blend Composites.

The utilization of waste generated by natural resources is a crucial problem nowadays. The current study describes the utilization of pineapple () crown residue husk (PCRh) as a strength additive for low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) composites. The blend composites with 30% husk, 10 wt % EPR, and 60% LDPE content showed much better mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and flexural properties, than pristine LDPE and its binary composite with 10 wt % EPR.

Type VI Choledochal Cyst - An Emerging Rare Entity (11 Pediatric Case of Type VI) with a Review of Literature.

Choledochal cysts (CCs) are abnormal dilatations of the biliary system. Usually, CCs are classified into five types. The sixth type (Type VI) is an emerging and rare type, reported the first case in 1991.

Charging capacitors from thermal fluctuations using diodes.

We theoretically consider a graphene ripple as a Brownian particle coupled to an energy storage circuit. When circuit and particle are at the same temperature, the second law forbids harvesting energy from the thermal motion of the Brownian particle, even if the circuit contains a rectifying diode. However, when the circuit contains a junction followed by two diodes wired in opposition, the approach to equilibrium may become ultraslow.

Synergetic anaerobic digestion of food waste for enhanced production of biogas and value-added products: strategies, challenges, and techno-economic analysis.

The generation of food waste (FW) is increasing at an alarming rate, contributing to a total of 32% of all the waste produced globally. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an effective method for dealing with organic wastes of various compositions, like FW. Waste valorization into value-added products has increased due to the conversion of FW into biogas using AD technology.

Gall Bladder Duplication with Choledochal Cyst: A Rare Entity.

A 4-year-old male child presented with complaints of abdominal pain and vomiting along with yellowish discoloration of the eyes. Investigations were suggestive of acute pancreatitis and double gall bladder (GB) with dilated common bile duct (CBD) with intraluminal calculi and Type II choledochal cyst. He underwent surgical resection of double GB with dilated CBD with hepatico-docho-jejunostomy.

Dynamical system analysis of interacting dark energy in LRS Bianchi type I cosmology.

This paper deals with an interacting dark energy (DE) model in Locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type I cosmological model with scalar field in the form of an exponential potential. We reduce the transformation equations to an independent system of ordinary differential equations by appropriate alteration of the variables to setup the complementary dynamical system and after that we also calculate the critical points of the system. We get six critical points when our coupling parameter is positive.

Long-term agro-management strategies shape soil bacterial community structure in dryland wheat systems.

Soil microbes play a crucial role in soil organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling and are influenced by management practices. Therefore, quantifying the impacts of various agricultural management practices on soil microbiomes and their activity is crucial for making informed management decisions. This study aimed to assess the impact of various management systems on soil bacterial abundance and diversity, soil enzyme activities and carbon mineralization potential in wheat-based systems.

Heterogeneous Chiral Covalent Organic Framework for the Enantioselective Epoxidation of Styrenes and Chromenes.

Herein, we report the synthesis of two-dimensional chiral Zn Salen covalent organic frameworks (COFs) () via rapid microwave-promoted condensation of C-symmetric 1,3,5-tris[(5--butyl-3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]benzene with (1,2)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane in excellent yields. The synthesized chiral Zn Salen COF () showed a 454 m g BET surface area with excellent crystallinity and thermal stability. Further, the post-synthetic metal exchange reaction was performed for chiral Zn Salen COFs () with Mn(OAc)·4HO to synthesize chiral Mn Salen COFs () and utilized as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the enantioselective epoxidation of styrenes and chromenes to afford chiral epoxides up to 72% .

Endocrine pancreas-specific gene deletion causes a severe diabetes phenotype.

Reduced glutathione (GSH) is an abundant antioxidant that regulates intracellular redox homeostasis by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) subunit is the rate-limiting step in GSH biosynthesis. Using the driver mouse line, we deleted expression of the gene in all pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells.

A Rare Case of True Pancreatic Cyst.

Pancreatic cysts can be true or pseudocysts. True pancreatic cysts in children are rare clinical entities. We present a 23-month-old boy with a cystic lesion in the distal body and tail of the pancreas which on histopathology was found to be a rare true congenital simple cyst of the pancreas.

Screening of Comprehensive Panel of Cultivated and Wild Species for Resistance to Pulse Beetle, L.

Pulses are a key source of dietary proteins in human nutrition. Despite several efforts to increase the production, various constraints, such as biotic and abiotic factors, threaten pulse production by various means. Bruchids ( spp.