Publications by authors named "Singh Shilpi"

The fusion of non-Abelian anyons is a fundamental operation in measurement-only topological quantum computation. In one-dimensional topological superconductors (1DTSs), fusion amounts to a determination of the shared fermion parity of Majorana zero modes (MZMs). Here we introduce a device architecture that is compatible with future tests of fusion rules.

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Native amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs) are rare and typically have narrow substrate specificity and low processivity. Therefore, they are often modified using protein engineering for industrial and pharmaceutical applications. This study presents identification and characterization of a novel native amine dehydrogenase (AmDH) encoding WD40 protein (All1750) from Anabaena PCC 7120.

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The gastrointestinal (GI) tract redox environment, influenced by commensal microbiota and bacterial-derived metabolites, is crucial in shaping T-cell responses. Specifically, metabolites from gut microbiota (GM) exhibit robust anti-inflammatory effects, fostering the differentiation and regulation of CD8 tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and stabilizing gut-resident Treg cells. Nitric oxide (NO), a pivotal redox mediator, emerges as a central regulator of T-cell functions and gut inflammation.

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Human coronavirus (HCoV)-NL63 causes respiratory tract infections in humans and uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor. We sought to establish a mouse model of HCoV-NL63 and determine whether prior rhinovirus (RV)-A1B infection affected HCoV-NL63 replication. HCoV-NL63 was propagated in LLC-MK2 cells expressing human ACE2.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers are investigating directionally non-rotating electric field therapy (dnEFT) for treating glioblastoma, which has been less studied compared to tumor-treating fields (TTF).
  • In preclinical tests, dnEFT showed effectiveness in inducing apoptosis in glioblastoma cells both in lab settings and in live mouse models, leading to reduced tumor growth and increased survival rates.
  • The study highlights the potential for dnEFT to improve outcomes in glioblastoma treatment and supports planning for clinical trials using existing deep brain stimulation technology.
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Itaconate was initially identified as an antimicrobial compound produced by myeloid cells. Beyond its antimicrobial role, itaconate may also serve as a crucial metabolic and immune modulator. We therefore examined the roles of aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) and itaconate in house dust mite (HDM)-sensitized and -challenged mice, a model of T helper 2 (Th2)-driven allergic airways disease.

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Esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy have been the standard of care for patients at high risk (HR) of lymph node metastasis following a diagnosis of early esophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) after endoscopic resection (ER). However, recent cohorts suggest lymph node metastasis risk is lower than initially estimated, suggesting organ preservation with close endoscopic follow-up is a viable option. We report on the 3- and 5-year risk of lymph node/distant metastasis among patients diagnosed with early HR-T1 OAC undergoing endoscopic follow-up.

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Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess tobacco use and its effect on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Indian adolescents.

Methods: The present study was conducted on 1,600 13-14 year old adolescents from the schools of Modinagar, western Uttar Pradesh, India selected using stratified random sampling technique. OHRQoL was assessed using Hindi version of Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ).

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Liverworts represent one of six embryophyte lineages that have a Devonian, or earlier, origin, and are, at present, represented by only as an established model. is a secondarily monoicous aquatic liverwort with a worldwide distribution, being found on all continents except Antarctica. , a monotypic genus, forms a sister relationship with , the largest genus of the Marchantiopsida (~250 species), diverging from their common ancestor in the mid-Cretaceous.

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Infection of immature mice with rhinovirus (RV) induces an asthma-like phenotype consisting of type 2 inflammation, mucous metaplasia, eosinophilic inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness that is dependent on IL-25 and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Doublecortin-like kinase 1-positive (DCLK1+) tuft cells are a major source of IL-25. We sought to determine the requirement of tuft cells for the RV-induced asthma phenotype in wild-type mice and mice deficient in Pou2f3, a transcription factor required for tuft cell development.

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Conventional and cancer immunotherapies encompass diverse strategies to address various cancer types and stages. However, combining these approaches often encounters limitations such as non-specific targeting, resistance development, and high toxicity, leading to suboptimal outcomes in many cancers. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is orchestrated by intricate interactions between immune and non-immune cells dictating tumor progression.

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The mTOR signaling pathway plays a pivotal and intricate role in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma, driving tumorigenesis and proliferation. Mutations or deletions in the PTEN gene constitutively activate the mTOR pathway by expressing growth factors EGF and PDGF, which activate their respective receptor pathways (e.g.

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Breast cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related death in women and the most often diagnosed malignancy. As the majority of chemotherapeutic medications are associated with recurrence, drug resistance, and side effects, scientists are shifting to beneficial agents for prevention and treatment, such as natural molecules. Myricetin 3-rhamnoside, a natural flavonol glycoside is known for diverse pharmacological activities but fewer reports describe the antiproliferative ability.

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Field pea (Pisum sativum L, 2n = 14) is a popular temperate legume with high economic value. Heat shock factors (HSFs) are the core element in the regulatory mechanism of heat stress responses. HSFs in pea (P.

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Cathepsin-D (CATD) inhibitors' design and development drawn interest due to their potential therapeutic applications in managing different cancer types, including lung cancer. This study investigated myricitrin, a flavonol-3-O-rhamnoside, for its binding affinity to CATD. Molecular docking experiments revealed a strong binding affinity (-7.

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Liverworts comprise one of six primary land plant lineages, with the predicted origin of extant liverwort diversity dating to the Silurian. The ancestral liverwort has been inferred to have been dioicous (unisexual) with chromosomal sex determination in which the U chromosome of females and the V chromosome of males were dimorphic with an extensive non-recombining region. In liverworts, sex is determined by a U chromosomal "feminizer" gene that promotes female development, and in its absence, male development ensues.

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Lateral roots are a major component of root system architecture, and lateral root count (LRC) positively contributes to yield under drought in chickpea. To understand the genetic regulation of LRC, a biparental mapping population derived from two chickpea accessions having contrasting LRCs was genotyped by sequencing, and phenotyped to map four major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to 13-32% of the LRC trait variation. A single- nucleotide polymorphism tightly linked to the locus contributing to highest trait variation was located on the coding region of a gene (CaWIP2), orthologous to NO TRANSMITTING TRACT/WIP domain protein 2 (NTT/WIP2) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 20% of breast cancer that does not express HER2, progesterone and estrogen receptors. It is associated with a high mortality rate, morbidity, metastasis, recurrence, poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), cathepsin-D (CATD), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) are involved in breast cancer carcinogenesis; hence, there is a pressing need to identify novel chemicals that targets these enzymes.

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Article Synopsis
  • Some genomes, like those of liverworts, tend to remain small and stable due to low variation in genome size and few duplicated genes, unlike many larger plant genomes.
  • The study analyzed five species of liverworts, focusing on their gene features, transposable elements, and chromosomal structures to understand the reasons behind their simplicity.
  • Notably, the species Lunularia cruciata has a larger genome mainly from increased retrotransposon activity, but overall, liverworts show less morphological evolution due to their low gene duplication and slower chromosomal rearrangements.
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Narirutin is a dietary flavanone found in lemons, oranges, passion fruit, bergamot and grapefruit. It possesses anti-allergic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective potential, and its enriched fraction suppresses the growth of prostate cancer cells; however, there is currently no information on the chemopreventive potential of narirutin alone against hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and its mode of action. Thus, the chemopreventive possibility of narirutin was investigated in PC-3 cells by utilising cytotoxicity assays.

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Unlabelled: Wheezing-associated rhinovirus (RV) infections are associated with asthma development. We have shown that infection of immature mice with RV induces type 2 cytokine production and mucous metaplasia which is dependent on IL-33 and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and intensified by a second heterologous RV infection. We hypothesize that M2a macrophages are required for the exaggerated inflammation and mucous metaplasia in response to heterologous RV infection.

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WD40 domain-containing proteins are one of the eukaryotes' most ancient and ubiquitous protein families. Little is known about the presence and function of these proteins in cyanobacteria in general and Anabaena in particular. In silico analysis confirmed the presence of WD40 repeats.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in cancer progression via translational degradation in a sequence-specific manner of the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of messenger RNA (mRNA). The involvement of miRNA in the biological progression of various cancer types is considered to be a potential target. Primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) and precursor-miRNA (pre-miRNA) synthesize the miRNA by dicer-catalyzed processes thus targeting pri/pre-miRNA by phytochemicals is amongst the appropriate approaches for anticancer therapies.

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Article Synopsis
  • Sex determination in liverworts operates differently than in diploid organisms, featuring non-recombining sex chromosomes that maintain gene functions for both sexes during their haploid phase.
  • Researchers identified the Feminizer gene on the U chromosome, linked to female differentiation, which regulates other key genes involved in the reproductive process.
  • Phylogenetic studies suggest that the divergence of sex chromosomes occurred around 430 million years ago, highlighting that genes can retain ancestral functions even after evolving a dedicated sex determination mechanism.
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Oxidative stress is common consequence of abiotic stress in plants as well as cyanobacteria caused by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an inevitable product of respiration and photosynthetic electron transport. ROS act as signalling molecule at low concentration however, when its production exceeds the endurance capacity of antioxidative defence system, the organisms suffer oxidative stress. A highly toxic metabolite, methylglyoxal (MG) is also produced in cyanobacteria in response to various abiotic stresses which consequently augment the ensuing oxidative damage.

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