Laparoscopic Hernia Sac Transection With Intracorporeal Ligation: A Comparison With Open Hernia Repair in the Pediatric Age Group.

Background and objective Inguinal hernia in children results from a failure of the processus vaginalis (PV) to close, leading to herniation. Surgical repair is necessary to prevent complications in this patient population. This study aimed to compare the outcomes between laparoscopic herniotomy (LH) and open herniotomy (OH) in pediatric patients with inguinal hernia.

Priority actions for Fusarium head blight resistance in durum wheat: Insights from the wheat initiative.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, is a major wheat disease. Significant efforts have been made to improve resistance to FHB in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), but more work is needed for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum).

Schizophrenia Detection and Classification: A Systematic Review of the Last Decade.

Background/objectives: Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare employs advanced algorithms to analyze complex and large-scale datasets, mimicking aspects of human cognition. By automating decision-making processes based on predefined thresholds, AI enhances the accuracy and reliability of healthcare data analysis, reducing the need for human intervention. Schizophrenia (SZ), a chronic mental health disorder affecting millions globally, is characterized by symptoms such as auditory hallucinations, paranoia, and disruptions in thought, behavior, and perception.

Identification of resistance sources and genomic regions regulating Septoria tritici blotch resistance in South Asian bread wheat germplasm.

The Septoria tritici blotch (STB) [Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm.)] of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is characterized by its polycyclic and hemibiotrophic nature.

Myeloid Cell-Specific Deletion of AMPKα1 Worsens Ocular Bacterial Infection by Skewing Macrophage Phenotypes.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a crucial role in governing essential cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, and survival. Previously, we observed increased vulnerability to bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus) endophthalmitis in global AMPKα1 knockout mice. In this study, we investigated the specific involvement of AMPKα1 in myeloid cells using LysMCre;AMPKα1fl mice.

Polymorphism detection and characterization of sperm cells chromatin remodeling associated genes in Murrah buffalo.

Seasonal variations significantly impact buffalo bull semen production and quality, particularly during the summer months. Understanding the genetic basis of these changes is important for managing bull fertility and improving sperm quality. The present study focused on characterizing and identifying polymorphisms in chromatin remodeling genes, protamines (PRMs) and Transition Nuclear Proteins (TNPs) in Murrah buffalo bulls with varying semen quality due to seasonal effects.

Mix and manage: Cultivar mixtures can maintain yield under high wheat blast disease pressure.

Originating in South America, wheat blast disease has spread to both Asia and Africa and is considered a significant threat to food security. Bangladesh experienced the first outbreak of wheat blast outside of the Americas in 2016. Shortly thereafter, the blast-resistant variety BARI Gom 33 was released.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma: The disdained member of thoracic oncology!

Pleural mesothelioma is a very aggressive malignancy that arises from the pleural mesothelial cell lining and is linked strongly to prior asbestos exposure. The ban on asbestos has helped to lower the incidence, but in developing countries like India, it is expected to rise. It has an extended latency period usually progressing over decades and presents with nonspecific symptoms.

Novel resistance loci for quantitative resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in Asian wheat (Triticum aestivum) via genome-wide association study.

Background: Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease causes yield losses of up to 50 per cent in susceptible wheat cultivars and can reduce wheat production. In this study, genomic architecture for adult-plant STB resistance in a Septoria Association Mapping Panel (SAMP) having 181 accessions and genomic regions governing STB resistance in a South Asian wheat panel were looked for.

Results: Field experiments during the period from 2019 to 2021 revealed those certain accessions, namely BGD52 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), BGD54 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), IND92 (WH 1218), IND8 (DBW 168), and IND75 (PBW 800), exhibited a high level of resistance.

Wheat genetic resources have avoided disease pandemics, improved food security, and reduced environmental footprints: A review of historical impacts and future opportunities.

The use of plant genetic resources (PGR)-wild relatives, landraces, and isolated breeding gene pools-has had substantial impacts on wheat breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, while increasing nutritional value, end-use quality, and grain yield. In the Global South, post-Green Revolution genetic yield gains are generally achieved with minimal additional inputs. As a result, production has increased, and millions of hectares of natural ecosystems have been spared.

HyEpiSeiD: a hybrid convolutional neural network and gated recurrent unit model for epileptic seizure detection from electroencephalogram signals.

Epileptic seizure (ES) detection is an active research area, that aims at patient-specific ES detection with high accuracy from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The early detection of seizure is crucial for timely medical intervention and prevention of further injuries of the patients. This work proposes a robust deep learning framework called HyEpiSeiD that extracts self-trained features from the pre-processed EEG signals using a hybrid combination of convolutional neural network followed by two gated recurrent unit layers and performs prediction based on those extracted features.

Screening of CIMMYT and South Asian Bread Wheat Germplasm Reveals Marker-Trait Associations for Seedling Resistance to Septoria Nodorum Blotch.

Wheat ( L.) production is adversely impacted by Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), a fungal disease caused by . Wheat breeders are constantly up against this biotic challenge as they try to create resistant cultivars.

Novel quinoline substituted autophagy inhibitors attenuate Zika virus replication in ocular cells.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging RNA virus that is known to cause ocular and neurological abnormalities in infants. ZIKV exploits autophagic processes in infected cells to enhance its replication and spread. Thus, autophagy inhibitors have emerged as a potent therapeutic target to combat RNA viruses, with Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) being one of the most promising candidates.

, a Novel Wheat Blast Resistance Gene Derived from .

Wheat blast, caused by (syn. ) pathotype (MoT), is a devastating disease that can result in up to 100% yield loss in affected fields. To find new resistance genes against wheat blast, we screened 199 accessions of , the D genome progenitor of common wheat (), by seedling inoculation assays with Brazilian MoT isolate Br48 and found 14 resistant accessions.

Implementing vision transformer for classifying 2D biomedical images.

In recent years, the growth spurt of medical imaging data has led to the development of various machine learning algorithms for various healthcare applications. The MedMNISTv2 dataset, a comprehensive benchmark for 2D biomedical image classification, encompasses diverse medical imaging modalities such as Fundus Camera, Breast Ultrasound, Colon Pathology, Blood Cell Microscope etc. Highly accurate classifications performed on these datasets is crucial for identification of various diseases and determining the course of treatment.

Genomic prediction of synthetic hexaploid wheat upon tetraploid durum and diploid Aegilops parental pools.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a globally important food crop, which was domesticated about 8-10,000 years ago. Bread wheat is an allopolyploid, and it evolved from two hybridization events of three species.

Selection of reference genes for normalizing gene expression data across seasons in spermatozoa of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

Selection of the most stably expressed reference genes is key to monitoring accurate target gene expression across any tissue or cell type. The mRNA in spermatozoa stores valuable information related to changes in spermatogenesis due to variations in environmental conditions, especially during heat stress, which affects various sperm functions. Semen quality in buffalo bulls is significantly influenced by the seasons.

SARS-CoV-2 infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and induces a hyperinflammatory immune response in the retina via systemic exposure.

SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to cause wide-ranging ocular abnormalities and vision impairment in COVID-19 patients. However, there is limited understanding of SARS-CoV-2 in ocular transmission, tropism, and associated pathologies. The presence of viral RNA in corneal/conjunctival tissue and tears, along with the evidence of viral entry receptors on the ocular surface, has led to speculation that the eye may serve as a potential route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

Modeling within and between Sub-Genomes Epistasis of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat for Genome-Enabled Prediction of Diseases.

Common wheat () is a hexaploid crop comprising three diploid sub-genomes labeled A, B, and D. The objective of this study is to investigate whether there is a discernible influence pattern from the D sub-genome with epistasis in genomic models for wheat diseases. Four genomic statistical models were employed; two models considered the linear genomic relationship of the lines.

Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy in difficult gallbladder: Our experience in a tertiary care center.

Backgrounds/aims: Open cholecystectomy is becoming obsolete and laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the treatment of choice in gallstone diseases. Difficult gallbladders are encountered whenever there is a frozen calot's triangle, obliterated cystic plate, or both. Rather than converting to open procedure, there has been a growing preference for laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) during difficult gallbladders.

Novel technique for laparoscopic common bile duct exploration using flexible videobronchoscope to study on clinical outcomes of single-stage (laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration) versus dual-stage (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy) for cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis - Prospective study in a tertiary care centre (BRACE study - BRonchoscope Assisted Common bile duct Exploration Study).

Introduction: This study aimed to study on clinical outcomes of single-stage (laparoscopic cholecystectomy [LC] and laparoscopic common bile duct [CBD] exploration using flexible videobronchoscope) versus dual-stage (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy) for cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis-prospective study in a tertiary care centre (BRACE STUDY-Bronchoscope-Assisted CBD Exploration [CBDE] Study).

Patients And Methods: Between April 2022 and April 2023, patients who underwent LC with laparoscopic CBDE and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) followed by LC participated in this single-centre prospective research. The Institute Ethics Committee granted its approval after receiving an ethical review.

Genome-wide 5'-C-phosphate-G-3' methylation patterns reveal the effect of heat stress on the altered semen quality in Bubalus bubalis.

Semen production and quality are closely correlated with different environmental factors in bovines, particularly for the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls reared under tropical and sub-tropical conditions. Factors including DNA methylation patterns, an intricate process in sperm cells, have an impact on the production of quality semen in buffalo bulls under abiotic stress conditions. The present study was conducted to identify DNA methylome signatures for semen quality in Murrah buffalo bulls, acclaimed as a major dairy breed globally, under summer heat stress.

Minimal Residual Disease in the Management of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review of Studies from Indian Settings.

Minimal residual disease (MRD) has become an essential tool in the management of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and aids in tailoring treatment strategies to suit specific patient needs. Although much progress has been made in this area, there is limited data on the use of MRD in the Indian context. Our objective was to identify relevant literature that discusses the utility of MRD in the management of B-cell ALL in adolescents and young adults (AYA) and adults in Indian settings.