Distress and coping mechanisms among people with diabetes: cross-sectional assessment from an NCD screening clinic of a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Background: Of the numerous complications encountered by people with diabetes (PWD), the effect on mental health is concerning. Within mental health, diabetes distress (DD) occurs when a patient has unfavourable emotional stress while managing their condition, which can be managed by coping strategies but are less studied together in Indian settings. So, the present study aimed to determine the proportion of DD and associated factors and coping skills among the PWD.

Exploring force-driven stochastic folding dynamics in mechano-responsive proteins and implications in phenotypic variation.

Single-point mutations are pivotal in molecular zoology, shaping functions and influencing genetic diversity and evolution. Here we study three such genetic variants of a mechano-responsive protein, cadherin-23, that uphold the structural integrity of the protein, but showcase distinct genotypes and phenotypes. The variants exhibit subtle differences in transient intra-domain interactions, which in turn affect the anti-correlated motions among the constituent β-strands.

Development of RT-PCR Assays for Simple Detection and Identification of Sabin Virus Contaminants in the Novel Oral Poliovirus Vaccines.

Background/objectives: Conventional live oral poliovirus vaccines (OPVs) effectively prevent poliomyelitis. These vaccines are derived from three attenuated Sabin strains of poliovirus, which can revert within the first week of replication to a neurovirulent phenotype, leading to sporadic cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) among vaccinees and their contacts. A novel OPV2 vaccine (nOPV2) with enhanced genetic stability was developed recently; type 1 and type 3 nOPV strains were engineered using the nOPV2 genome as a backbone by replacing the capsid precursor polyprotein (P1) with that of Sabin strains type 1 and type 3, respectively.

Capsaicin content in chillies ( L., s L., Jacq.) of Northeast India by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).

Capsaicin is the primary bioactive constituent in chillies, responsible for its incomparable pungent taste and many health advantages. In the current study, 32 samples of three different species of ( L., s L.

Development and validation of a molecular classifier of meningiomas.

Background: Meningiomas exhibit considerable clinical and biological heterogeneity. We previously identified four distinct molecular groups (immunogenic, NF2-wildtype, hypermetabolic, proliferative) that address much of this heterogeneity. Despite the utility of these groups, the stochasticity of clustering methods and the use of multi-omics data for discovery limits the potential for classifying prospective cases.

US regulatory compliance for medical combination products: an overview.

This article provides a high-level overview of US regulatory review and approval processes for the growing field of medical combination products (CPs; those merging drugs with devices and/or biological products). US law defines drugs, medical devices, and CPs in specific ways, and the components of a CP are still subject to their respective regulations while combined. The Food and Drug Administration's Office of Combination Products (OCP) oversees the review and classification of CPs, which is based on their primary mode of action.

Triazine-Functionalized Nitrogen-Rich Covalent Organic Framework as an Electrode Material for Aqueous Symmetric Supercapacitor.

Covalent triazine frameworks, with their ordered pores and crystalline structure that exhibit heteroatom impacts, demonstrate outstanding chemical stability, making them designable for charge storage applications. In this study, the triazine-based covalent organic frameworks (TPT@BDA-COF) was synthesized using 4',4''',4'''''-(1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl) tris (([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine)) (TPT) and 4,4'-Oxydibenzaldehyde (BDA) following polycondensation process. Interestingly, these resulted in the fabrication of a well-connected, orderly porous crystalline structure, redox-active moiety, and significantly high doping atomic percentages of N (~13.

Artisanal and small-scale limestone mining affects soil parameters in Sohra (Meghalaya), India.

In this study, we assessed the changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil samples collected from the artisanal and small-scale limestone mining site in Sohra (Cherrapunjee), Meghalaya, by comparing them with the non-mining site. Eleven distinct soil parameters, namely pH, electrical conductivity (EC), texture (ST), moisture content (MC), bulk density (BD), total porosity (TP), water holding capacity (WHC), organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), and exchangeable potassium (EK), were evaluated seasonally (winter, pre-monsoon, and post-monsoon) for 2 years. The results showed that limestone mining has significantly affected the soil quality.

Diagnostic techniques for visceral leishmaniasis: An overview of methods used in East Africa.

Leishmanias is a parasitic infection caused by a protozoan belonging to the genus Leishmania and transmitted by sand fly, Phlebotomus fly in the old world and Lutzomyia in the New world. The disease is prevalent in the tropics, subtropics, and Southern Europe, where it affects about 1.5 million to 2 million people annually.

Integrating Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) for Personalized Diabetes Care: Advancing Clinical Practice with Tailored Pharmacological Approaches.

The rising global prevalence of diabetes poses a serious threat to public health, national economies, and the healthcare system. Despite a high degree of disease heterogeneity and advancing techniques, there is still an unclear diagnosis of patients with diabetes compounded by the array of long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications associated with the disease. In addition to environmental variables, diabetes susceptibility is significantly influenced by genetic components.

Comparison of different maximal isometric strength of lower limb muscle groups in predicting fall-risk among older persons.

Background: Many independent studies have investigated the role of normalized maximal voluntary isometric strength (MVIS) of lower limb muscle groups (MVISLLMG) by body weight and summed knee and ankle muscle strength in predicting the risk of falling among older persons. However, it is unknown which MVISLLMG is better at predicting the fall risk.

Objective: This study aimed to compare different MVISLLMG in predicting fall-risk among older persons against the reference standard (history of falls).

Navigating regulatory and policy challenges for AI enabled combination devices.

In recent years, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) has enabled conventional Combination Devices (CDs) to innovate in healthcare merging with technology sectors. However, the challenges like reliance on predicate devices in US Food and Drug Administration (FDA's 510(k) pathway, especially for perpetually updating AI are stressed. Though the European Union (EU's new Medical Device Regulations address software and AI, fitting adaptive algorithms into conformity assessments remains difficult.

Identification of pathogenicity determinants in ToLCNDV and their RNAi-based knockdown for disease management in and tomato plants.

(tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, ToLCNDV), is member of the genus , family , is a prolific bipartite whitefly transmitted begomovirus in the Indian sub-continent has a wide host range, including solanaceous, cucurbitaceous and other plants. Recently, dsRNA-mediated non-transgenic approaches have been promising in managing plant viruses. Such an approach could be effective if the pathogenicity determinants of a virus are targeted.

Clinical prediction scores predicting weaning failure from invasive mechanical ventilation: Role and limitations.

Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) has become integral to modern-day critical care. Even though critically ill patients frequently require IMV support, weaning from IMV remains an arduous task, with the reported weaning failure (WF) rates being as high as 50%. Optimizing the timing for weaning may aid in reducing time spent on the ventilator, associated adverse effects, patient discomfort, and medical care costs.

Monitoring alpha-cypermethrin susceptibility of Phlebotomus argentipes, the vector of visceral leishmaniasis in India, using the CDC bottle bioassay.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), known as Kala-azar on the Indian subcontinent, is a parasitic disease caused by the flagellated protozoa Leishmania donovani and can be fatal if left untreated. The sand fly Phlebotomus argentipes is the only proven vector of VL in the Southeast Asia region, and VL control in this region has relied on the use of synthetic insecticides for indoor residual spraying (IRS). The use of DDT in VL control programmes has led to the development of resistance to this insecticide in sand flies, resulting in DDT being replaced with the insecticide alpha-cypermethrin.

Dogs as Reservoirs for Leishmania donovani, Bihar, India, 2018-2022.

Visceral leishmaniasis derived from Leishmania donovani is transmitted by sand flies (Phlebotomus argentipes) throughout the Indian subcontinent. Although considered anthroponotic, L. donovani infects other mammals susceptible to sand fly bites, including dogs.

Formulation development of dual-compartment topical inserts combining tenofovir alafenamide and elvitegravir for flexible on-demand HIV prevention.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has emerged as a prominent approach for the prevention of HIV infections. While the latest advances have resulted in effective oral and injectable product options, there are still gaps in on-demand, event-driven, topical products for HIV prevention that are safe and effective. Here we describe the formulation development of a dual-compartment topical insert containing tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) and elvitegravir (EVG) that may be administered when needed, vaginally or rectally, pre- or post-coitus, for flexible HIV prophylaxis.

Restoring protein glycosylation with GlycoShape.

Despite ground-breaking innovations in experimental structural biology and protein structure prediction techniques, capturing the structure of the glycans that functionalize proteins remains a challenge. Here we introduce GlycoShape ( https://glycoshape.org ), an open-access glycan structure database and toolbox designed to restore glycoproteins to their native and functional form in seconds.

Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide in the Central Nervous System of the Gecko, Hemidactylus leschenaultii: Molecular Characterization, Neuroanatomical Organization, and Regulation by Neuropeptide Y.

Neuropeptide cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is widely expressed in the brains of teleosts, amphibians, birds, and mammals and has emerged as a conserved regulator of energy balance across these vertebrate phyla. However, as yet, there is no information on CART in the reptilian brain. We characterized the cDNA encoding CART and mapped CART-containing elements in the brain of gecko, Hemidactylus leschenaultii (hl) using a specific anti-CART antiserum.

Well Defined Phosphine Free Ni-Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of Secondary Alcohols for the Synthesis of Ketones and Ketazines.

In this work, we unveil a novel synthesis of bench stable Ni (II) complexes supported by tetradentate Schiff-base ligands and the complexes were devoid of any phosphine or phosphine-based ligand. These Ni-complexes were successfully applied for the dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols for ketone and ketazine syntheses. Secondary alcohols with different functional groups were well tolerated during catalytic cycle.