Tenuazonic acid-induced mycotoxicosis in an immunosuppressed mouse model and its prophylaxis with cinnamaldehyde.

Patients with impaired immune systems are particularly vulnerable to infections. With the increasing number of immunocompromised patients, it becomes necessary to design studies that evaluate the effects of toxic contaminants that are a part of our daily lives. Simultaneously, the management of these toxic components also becomes essential.

Circulating long non-coding RNA acts as a liquid biopsy marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A pilot study.

The widespread public health problem of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the cause of an increasing number of deaths each year due to delayed diagnosis. Therefore, we require specific and sensitive new biomarkers to manage ESCC better. The detection of diseases, such as cancer, can now be achieved through non-invasive circulating blood-based methods.

Preventive role of cinnamaldehyde against tenuazonic acid- and Freund's adjuvant-induced histopathological and biochemical alterations in the mouse model.

Introduction: This study was designed to assess the protective role of cinnamaldehyde (Cin) against the synergistic effect of tenuazonic acid (TeA) and Freund's adjuvant on different organs of Swiss albino mice.

Methods: TeA was administered singly and in combination with Freund's adjuvant intra-peritoneally. The mice were divided into control (vehicle treated), mycotoxicosis-induced (MI) groups, and treatment groups.

Epitope prediction and designing of receptor inhibitor of Dengue Envelope Protein: An approach.

Background & Objectives: Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). It has four distinct serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4) based on their antigenic properties. Mostly, the immunogenic epitopes are present in the envelope (E) protein of the virus.

Flow cytometry profiling of cellular immune response in COVID-19 infected, recovered and vaccinated individuals.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 753 million individuals and caused more than 6.8 million deaths globally to date. COVID-19 disease severity has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 induced hyper inflammation and the immune correlation with its pathogenesis remains unclear.

Biochemical analysis of saliva in head and neck cancer patients receiving definitive chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Radiation therapy leads to salivary gland damage that causes xerostomia, the standard radiation-induced complication during radiotherapy that affects the quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. This study was conducted at a tertiary cancer institute in Punjab state to analyze the influence of radiation therapy on various parameters and substances of saliva.

Materials And Methods: Sixty head and neck cancer patients who underwent conventional radiotherapy on a Cobalt machine were included.

LINC00324 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through sponging miR-493-5p via MAPK signaling pathway.

Long non-coding RNAs have been demonstrated to promote proliferation and metastasis via regulating the miRNA/mRNA regulatory axis in various malignancies. Based on our preliminary study, we investigated the mechanism of LINC00324 through miR-493-5p/MAPK1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) pathogenesis. Herein, we confirmed that LINC00324 is significantly upregulated in ESCC primary cells and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line KYSE-70.

Standardization of Manual Method of Immunohistochemical Staining for Breast Cancer Biomarkers at Tertiary Cancer Care Center: An Audit.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a necessary ancillary technique in surgical pathology laboratories, particularly for oncology tissue specimens. Automation in the IHC technique has an advantage over manual methods in terms of quality, except for the cost of the equipment. Thus, the manual method of IHC staining is the preferred method of choice in countries with limited resources.

Circulating Long Non-Coding RNAs LINC00324 and LOC100507053 as Potential Liquid Biopsy Markers for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Pilot Study.

Background: Despite the availability of advanced technology to detect and treat esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the 5-year survival rate of ESCC patients is still meager. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential players in the diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers.

Objective: This pilot study focused on identifying circulating lncRNAs as liquid biopsy markers for the ESCC.

High-Grade Intraventricular Astroblastoma in a Young Adult: A Rare and Controversial Tumor to Manage.

Astroblastoma is a rare primary central nervous system tumor of controversial site of origin. They account for 0.45-2.

Evaluation of prophylactic efficacy of cinnamaldehyde in murine model against Paradendryphiella arenariae mycotoxin tenuazonic acid-induced oxidative stress and organ toxicity.

Cinnamaldehyde (Cin) is a natural product obtained from cinnamon and is reported to have a potential anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effect. The present study investigated the possible protective role of Cin against tenuazonic acid-induced mycotoxicity in the murine model. Tenuazonic acid (TeA), a toxin produced by Alternaria is a common contaminant in tomato and tomato-based products.

Current Trends of Carcinoma: Experience of a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in North India.

Objective Cancer incidence across the geographical area is mercurial and factors like dietary habits, environment, social structure, genetics govern relative incidence. Malwa region of Punjab is one such geographical area of India speculated to have a higher incidence of cancer. The current analysis was done to assess the occurrence of cancer in the region and to analyze the trends and types of carcinoma with age, gender, site, and histopathological type, and to compare with the trends mentioned in the literature.

Complete genome characterization and evolutionary analysis of dengue viruses isolated during 2016-2017 in Pune, India.

Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral infection in tropical and sub-tropical countries. In the recent years, frequent dengue outbreaks are being reported in many parts of India. DENV circulates as four independent serotypes posing a major public health threat around the globe.

Long Non-Coding RNAs as Strategic Molecules to Augment the Radiation Therapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Intrinsic resistance to ionizing radiation is the major impediment in the treatment and clinical management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), leading to tumor relapse and poor prognosis. Although several biological and molecular mechanisms are responsible for resistance to radiotherapy in ESCC, the molecule(s) involved in predicting radiotherapy response and prognosis are still lacking, thus requiring a detailed understanding. Recent studies have demonstrated an imperative correlation amongst several long non-coding RNAs and their involvement in complex cellular networks like DNA damage and repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Evaluation of antifungal activity of cinnamaldehyde against Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii.

Cryptococcosis is a potentially fatal fungal disease which has aggrandized with the emergence of AIDS and antifungal resistance. The currently used antifungals lack the broad-spectrum activity and result in several toxicities during long treatment regimens. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the antifungal activity of cinnamaldehyde against Cryptococcus neoformans var.

Prevalence of disability in Chandigarh: Findings of large household screening.

Background: The robust and sound national statistics on disability is the cornerstone for empowering the disabled population to have a barrier-free and right-based society for this population. The disability rates in India have marked discrepancies across various surveys. Taking into account the lack of data on disability in Chandigarh in terms of the proportion of disabled not included or counted owing to nonavailability of disability certificate or just lack of awareness as well as lack of data on the degree of utilization of various disability benefits, the present survey was planned.

Fungal infections in animals: a patchwork of different situations.

The importance of fungal infections in both human and animals has increased over the last decades. This article represents an overview of the different categories of fungal infections that can be encountered in animals originating from environmental sources without transmission to humans. In addition, the endemic infections with indirect transmission from the environment, the zoophilic fungal pathogens with near-direct transmission, the zoonotic fungi that can be directly transmitted from animals to humans, mycotoxicoses and antifungal resistance in animals will also be discussed.

The Southeastern Asian house mouse (Mus musculus castaneus Linn.) as a new passenger host for Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii molecular type VNI.

We describe Mus musculus castaneus as a new mammalian host for Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (VNI). Eighteen apparently healthy adults and pups of the rodent were collected from human dwellings in Varanasi, a city of India.

Sequential and Structural Aspects of Antifungal Peptides from Animals, Bacteria and Fungi Based on Bioinformatics Tools.

Emerging drug resistance varieties and hyper-virulent strains of microorganisms have compelled the scientific fraternity to develop more potent and less harmful therapeutics. Antimicrobial peptides could be one of such therapeutics. This review is an attempt to explore antifungal peptides naturally produced by prokaryotes as well as eukaryotes.

Perception of pain due to various orthodontic procedures.

Objective: To investigate five orthodontic procedures, namely separator placement, banding, initial arch wire ligation (0.016 NiTi), T-loop activation, and use of intermaxillary elastics with respect to intensity of peak pain, time of peak pain, need of medication for pain relief, and effect on routine life due to pain.

Method And Materials: One hundred patients (52 males, 48 females) selected for comprehensive orthodontic therapy were included in the study.

Ex situ conservation of Phyllanthus fraternus Webster and evaluation of genetic fidelity in regenerates using DNA-based molecular marker.

Germplasm storage of Phyllanthus fraternus by using synseed technology has been optimized. Synseeds were prepared from nodal segments taken from in vitro-grown plantlets. An encapsulation matrix of 3 % sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride with polymerization duration up to 15 min was found most suitable for synseed formation.

Antioxidant property of aerial parts and root of Phyllanthus fraternus Webster, an important medicinal plant.

In present study free radical scavenging potential of aerial parts and root of Phyllanthus fraternus was investigated. Extraction was done in water and ethanol. Total antioxidant capacity was measured by DPPH free radical scavenging method; ethanolic extract of aerial part was most potent in activity with 50% inhibition at 258 μg/mL concentration.

Recurrent sebaceous carcinoma of the scalp in a young male treated with adjuvant radiotherapy.

Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignancy of the skin appendages. It tends to occur in elderly patients. Orbital region is the most commonly involved site seen in 75% of cases.