Publications by authors named "Singh K"

Background and objectives The pitstop method of teaching involves short educational videos that entail a stepwise approach to augment knowledge retention and understanding. Short videos stimulate both visual and auditory pathways, thereby improving learner's experiences, knowledge retention, and understanding of the concept, which will help with long-term memory. In this study, we aimed to compare the pitstop method of teaching with the didactic lecture technique based on assessment and feedback.

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Objectives: Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among Indian women after breast cancer. This study was undertaken to determine the pattern of care, long-term survival outcomes, and prognostic factors for cervical cancer patients treated at a tertiary care cancer centre in North India.

Methods: Ten-year data was retrieved for 435 stage I-IVA carcinoma cervix patients treated between 2009 and 2019.

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Background: We sought to investigate the association between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and metabolic health with incident primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: We included 103 249 UK Biobank participants without previously diagnosed glaucoma or glaucoma-related procedures at enrolment. The primary outcome was POAG identified from diagnostic coding via linked hospital inpatient and primary care data.

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Depression in pregnant women raises concerns about the safety of antidepressants use, particularly its impact on offspring's neurocognition. This study investigates the effects of maternal exposure to vortioxetine (VOX) on the neurocognitive development of rat offspring. Pregnant Wistar rats were administered clinically pertinent doses of VOX, 1 mg/kg/day or 2 mg/kg/day from gestational day 6-21.

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Background: Shear wave elastography (SWE) is proven for liver fibrosis. However, there are challenges in assessing the kidney owing to its surrounding structures, retroperitoneal location, and visceral fat. Kidney biopsy is the gold standard for estimating fibrosis, but is associated with inherent risks of bleeding and sedation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs), marked by CD24 and CD44, are linked to aggressive behavior and poor outcomes in breast cancer, with a study examining 75 tissue samples revealing significant correlations between these markers and clinical parameters, therapy response, and metastasis risks.* -
  • Analysis indicated that patients expressing CD24-/CD44+/ALDH1A3+ had higher tumor stages and worse treatment responses, while those with either CD24 or CD44 positivity showed larger tumors and increased nodal burden at younger ages.* -
  • The study emphasizes the importance of these CSC markers as predictors of adverse outcomes, suggesting that their presence is associated with higher rates of distant metastasis and reduced effectiveness of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.*
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Background: The burden of over 300 million individuals living with hypertension in India is increasing steadily. Most current guidelines recommend initial combination therapy for effective blood pressure (BP) control. However, there is no randomised evidence to inform which combinations to use in the South Asian population, who account for over one-quarter of the world's population.

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Purpose: Existing biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP) do not adequately distinguish active and inactive TAK. We compared serum p-glycoprotein (p-gp)/Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MDR1), monomeric CRP (mCRP), CRP, and mCRP:CRP ratio in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and healthy controls and their relationship with disease activity.

Patients And Methods: Serum p-gp mCRP (ELISA) and CRP (nephelometry) were compared between consecutive adults with TAK (>18 years) enrolled from a prospective cohort (n = 92) and healthy controls (n = 29), and between active vs inactive TAK (n = 46 each).

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Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and is one of the major causes of mortality in poverty-stricken areas. A limited chemotherapeutics arsenal is available to tackle this deadly infection. Thus, identifying novel potent scaffolds using innovative strategies is the need of the hour.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The research introduces a new model called NATURE, which uses a multi-level clustered structure to improve attack resistance, reduce communication load, and enhance efficiency in industrial settings.
  • * NATURE incorporates a multifactor trust estimation framework that evaluates node performance based on behavior, energy use, and communication reliability, enabling adaptive trust assessments and prioritizing recent node actions for better network dependability.
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The effects of chlorpyrifos, a frequently detected organophosphate in aquatic ecosystems, on biochemical (protein and glycogen) contents and oxidative enzyme activities (catalase and lipid peroxidation) in liver, muscle and gill tissues of three freshwater fish Trichogaster fasciata, Mystus vittatus and Heteropneustes fossilis were evaluated after 21-day exposure to 1 and 10% of 96 h LC of this pesticide, which were 1.63 and 16.3 µg L; 5.

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Background: Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) is critical to inform CVD prevention strategies, but limited community-level data exist from developing countries.

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CVD and CVRF and acceptability of non-physician health workers and text-message based reminders to guide CVD prevention strategies in India.

Methods: We conducted a telephone-based survey nested in the on-going Centre for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) cohort in Delhi and Chennai, India between January 2021 to February 2021.

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Melanoma is a metastatic, drug-refractory cancer with the ability to evade immunosurveillance. Cancer immune evasion involves interaction between tumor intrinsic properties and the microenvironment. The transcription factor E2F1 is a key driver of tumor evolution and metastasis.

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Background: Sleep and immune function are interconnected aspects of health that mutually impact each other in disease development and inflammatory homeostasis. Different aspects of immunology are regulated by different sleep characteristics, impacting on specific aspects of immune function including cytokine production and T-cell activity. Ongoing disruptions of sleep have been linked to heightened inflammation and are suspected in the pathogenesis and disease course of a range of life-style-related illnesses, including diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases.

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Introduction: There is a need to assess and strengthen reproductive rights-based family planning and abortion services in Indian medical schools that play a key role in medical education and service delivery. This study presents the findings of baseline assessment across nine schools in two states and one union territory with objective to assess, identify the gaps and improve the status of reproductive rights and evidence-based family planning and abortion services in Indian medical schools.

Methods: A convergent parallel mixed methods study was conducted in nine medical schools in Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Chandigarh a Union territory in India from October 2018 to June 2019.

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Article Synopsis
  • * CANVAS, a neurodegenerative disorder, is specifically associated with the expansion of the (AAGGG) repeat in the RFC1 gene, but its exact pathological mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • * Recent findings suggest that GQ structures formed by these repeats may contribute to toxic protein-related mechanisms in CANVAS, as they affect RNA processing and interact with key RNA-binding proteins, ultimately guiding future therapeutic strategies.
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Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is the sixth most common cancer, with approximately 225,419 new cases with over 125,000 deaths annually in India. This trial compared the efficacy and safety of biosimilar cetuximab versus innovator cetuximab (IC) in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with recurrent locoregional or metastatic SCCHN.

Methods: This phase III trial is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind and parallel group study performed in Indian patients with recurrent locoregional or metastatic SCCHN.

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Albumin (ALB) has numerous vital physiological outcomes for healthy aging. A decrease in serum albumin, i.e.

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Background: Having a child with a serious illness like cancer has a detrimental and negative impact on the parents' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Many factors have been identified as being associated with poorer HRQOL. Acquiring knowledge about these factors is essential to enhancing the quality of life (QOL) of children as well as their parents.

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Objectives: We propose and validate a domain knowledge-driven classification model for diagnosing post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as Long COVID, using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) data.

Materials And Methods: We developed a robust model that incorporates features strongly indicative of PASC or associated with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms as identified in our literature review. The XGBoost tree-based architecture was chosen for its ability to handle class-imbalanced data and its potential for high interpretability.

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Background: Wilson's disease (WD) results from pathogenic ATP7B gene variations, causing copper accumulation mainly in the liver, brain, and kidneys.

Objectives: In India, despite studies on ATP7B variants, WD often goes undiagnosed, with the prevalence, carrier rate, and mutation spectrum remaining unknown.

Methods: A multicenter study examined genetic variations in WD among individuals of Indian origin via whole exome sequencing.

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