Industry perspective, genetics and genomics of peanut blanchability.

Blanching is the process of removing the testa or seed coat (skin) from peanuts, and a genotype's capacity to release its testa is referred to as its blanchability. The genotype, seed quality, harvest date, level of maturity, as well as the length of time and temperature of the post-harvest storage period, are said to have an impact on the peanut's blanchability. This characteristic is of enormous economic significance in the production of food items made from peanuts.

Distribution and concordance of HER2 scores in endometrial and ovarian cancer.

Objectives: Although multiple HER2 scoring criteria exist, the optimal strategy to identify patients with gynecologic malignancies who may benefit from HER2-directed therapies remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to assess the distribution and concordance of HER2 scores in endometrial and ovarian cancer.

Methods: One hundred five tumor specimens from 94 patients with endometrial or epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who underwent Caris tumor profiling from 11/2022 to 01/2025 were identified from a retrospective database.

A new sesquiterpene lactone isolated from and cytotoxic activity against the A549 cancer cell line.

A new sesquiterpene lactone ainslialide and eighteen known compounds were isolated from aq. methanolic extract of Mattf (Compositae). All the isolates were structurally elucidated by the analysis of spectroscopic data 1D, 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS and previously reported literature for the known compounds.

Impact of chemical fertilizer and composts application on growth and yield of rice in Northeast India.

Formulation of effective fertilizer management practice is crucial for sustainable rice cultivation. Prolonged application of chemical fertilizers can result in N loss into the environment, causing harmful effects. Application of organic fertilizer acts as an alternative source of nutrient supply for rice cultivation.

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of Indian blackberry (Syzygium cumini L.) using CAAT box‑derived polymorphism (CBDP) and start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) markers.

Indian blackberry (Syzygium cumini L.) also known as jamun is a very important underutilized fruit crop with notable medicinal and economic value. However, its genetic improvement has been constrained by limited knowledge of the genetic diversity within existing collections.

The multifaceted role of CS1 (SLAMF7) in immunoregulation: Implications for cancer therapy and autoimmune disorders.

CS1 (SLAMF7), a pivotal immune receptor, plays a dual role in modulating immune responses in autoimmune diseases and cancer. In autoimmunity, aberrant CS1 signaling contributes to the activation of autoreactive lymphocytes, driving pathologies such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Conversely, in oncology, CS1 serves as a promising immunotherapeutic target, exemplified by the efficacy of the monoclonal antibody Elotuzumab in multiple myeloma.

Benign mid-gap halide vacancy states in 2D-bismuth-based halide perovskite microcrystals for enhanced broadband photodetectors.

Lead halide perovskites are widely recognized for their exceptional defect tolerance, setting the benchmark for high-performance optoelectronic applications. Conversely, low-toxicity perovskite-inspired materials (PIMs) typically exhibit suboptimal optoelectronic performance, primarily due to their intrinsic susceptibility to defects. In this study, we address this limitation by exploring the effects of halide vacancies in PIMs through the synthesis of non-stoichiometric CsBiBrI microcrystals (MCs) with a trigonal crystal structure, incorporating iodine vacancies.

Unveiling the cancer epidemic in India: a glimpse into GLOBOCAN 2022 and past patterns.

Background: The Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2022 estimates highlight cancer as a significant global health problem. In the South-East Asia-region, India ranks third in terms of cancer incidence, second for mortality, and 121 in terms of crude rates globally. As cancer risks increase with age, particularly affecting older individuals, this study explores the current cancer burden in India by analyzing the cancer landscape across different age groups, determining the population's risk of cancer diagnosis and death, and projecting the future cancer burden aligned with past mortality patterns.

Role of aspartate 42 and histidine 79 in the aiPLA activity and oligomeric status of Prdx6 at low pH.

Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6), a unique non-seleno peroxidase, is a bifunctional protein with GSH peroxidase at pH 7.4 and calcium independent phospholipase A (aiPLA) activities at pH 4.0.

Tandem Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles via Cu(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization of Ketene -Acetals with β-Ketodinitriles.

A new approach to multifunctionalized pyrroles has been explored by the tandem cyclization of α-oxoketene-,-acetals with β-ketodinitriles using Cu(MeCN)BF and AgCO in toluene under reflux conditions. The reaction involves C-C/C-N bond creation, and is assumed to proceed via enamine formation, intramolecular cyclization, and rearrangement. The potential of the methodology has also been demonstrated for a gram-scale reaction as well as for some useful organic transformations.

Isolation, phytochemical characterization, and inhibitory potential of essential oil from Citrus hystrix DC. fruit peels against foodborne and phytopathogenic microbes.

Plant-based essential oils are currently targeted sources because of their non-toxic, bioactivity, and safety of non-targeted organisms. Various volatile components such as terpenoids, phenolics, and alkaloids make it compatible with broad-spectrum applications. In the current study, essential oil from Citrus hystrix DC.

Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice Using Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the fastest-growing diseases globally. Nearly 5 million people are affected by IBD, with an incremental growth rate of 47.45% between 1990 and 2019.

VITALdb: to select the best viroinformatics tools for a desired virus or application.

The recent pandemics of viral diseases, COVID-19/mpox (humans) and lumpy skin disease (cattle), have kept us glued to viral research. These pandemics along with the recent human metapneumovirus outbreak have exposed the urgency for early diagnosis of viral infections, vaccine development, and discovery of novel antiviral drugs and therapeutics. To support this, there is an armamentarium of virus-specific computational tools that are currently available.

Nephrolepris cordifolia (L.) C.Presl Frond Micromorphology, Hydrosol Phytochemical Profiling, and Antibacterial Activity Against Foodborne Bacteria.

Fern species from biodiversity-rich northeastern India are relatively underexplored. Morphological, phytochemical, and antimicrobial profiling of Nephrolepris cordifolia (L.) C.

Double gloving for self-protection in high-risk surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Double gloving is recommended for protecting surgical personnel from infections, but it is not a universal practice, especially in low- and middle-income countries where risk is very high. Evidence for double gloving is still only moderate, and for indicator double gloves, it is even rare. This systematic review and meta-analysis includes recent trials to analyse outcomes like glove perforations (inner/outer/matched/intraoperatively detected) and hand contamination rates for single versus double including indicator double-gloved conditions and identify factors to be considered for deciding double gloving.

Dengue Virus Life Cycle and Host Protein Interactions: Focus on RNA Binding Proteins and Therapeutic Advances.

Dengue, a widespread arthropod-borne viral disease, remains endemic in more than 100 nations, affecting over 40% of the world's population, with millions of cases reported annually, and has a major burden on global public health systems. The causative agent of this infection is the dengue virus which belongs to the Flaviviridae family of RNA viruses. The DENV infection leads to a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from mild to severe, and even fatal in the cases of secondary infection.

Prevalence of pediatric and adolescent epilepsy in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a widespread neurological disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, with a large proportion of cases emerging in childhood. Many children with epilepsy in low and middle-income countries, such as India, encounter obstacles to care despite effective treatments, which add to the treatment gap.

Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Designing Chip-Feed High-Gain Millimeter-Wave Resonant Cavity Antenna (RCA) Array and Optimization of Beam Steering Metasurface.

In this article, a chip-fed millimeter-wave high-gain antenna system with in-antenna power combining capability is presented. A low-profile resonant cavity antenna (RCA) array is fed by multiple spherical dielectric resonators (DRs), demonstrating its multi-feed capabilities. Each of the DRs is fed by two microstrip resonators on a planar circuit board.

Evaluating the costs, work patterns and efficiency (CORE) of comprehensive primary healthcare (CPHC) in India (The CPHC CORE study): a top-down micro-costing study protocol.

Introduction: Primary healthcare is broadly acknowledged as the cornerstone of any strategy aimed at achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). This study aims to evaluate the costs, work patterns and efficiency of comprehensive primary healthcare (CPHC) in India.

Methods And Analysis: We will use a top-down microcosting approach to estimate the economic cost of services delivered at the primary healthcare facilities in India.

Contemporary Review of Myocardial Bridging for Internists.

Myocardial bridging is a congenital coronary condition in which an epicardial coronary artery courses within the myocardial muscle rather than running on its surface. Its prevalence varies depending upon the diagnostic modality used for its testing, it is reported to be 40-80% in autopsy studies, 58% on coronary artery computed tomography (CCTA) and 0.5-16% on invasive coronary angiography.

Sedative and Analgesic Drug Rotation Protocol Versus Non-Rotation Protocol in Mechanically Ventilated Children: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To compare the proportion of children with withdrawal syndrome in sedoanalgesic drug rotation protocol vs. sedoanalgesia with no rotation using Withdrawal Assessment Tool Version-1 (WAT-1).

Methods: Sixty children one mo to 18 y admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) for mechanical ventilation were randomized into two groups in a 1:1 ratio.

Incidence of dengue, chikungunya, malaria, typhoid fever, scrub typhus, and leptospirosis in patients presenting with acute febrile illness at a tertiary care hospital, Amritsar.

Background Objectives: India is both a tropical and subtropical region, where common causes of acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) include malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya fever, enteric fever, leptospirosis, scrub typhus, and Japanese encephalitis. These illnesses contribute significantly to patient morbidity and mortality, although the exact burden of each infection varies regionally. Given the high prevalence of these tropical diseases, prioritizing differential diagnoses in cases of AUFI is crucial.

Actinobacteria Warfare Against the Plant Pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: 2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine Identified as a Bacterial Derived Volatile With Antifungal Activity.

Bacteria and fungi produce a wide range of specialised metabolites, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can act as signals or act directly to inhibit niche-competing microbes. Despite their ecological importance, most VOCs involved as signalling compounds remain uncharacterised. We have previously screened a collection of Actinobacteria strains sourced from Western Australia for their ability in vitro to suppress the growth of plant fungal pathogens.

Spatial Variation and Adaptive Responses of Tall-Type Field Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Across Indian Subcontinent.

Understanding crop performance across diverse agro-ecologies is crucial for developing region-specific breeding strategies. This multi-location study examined the impact of diverse environments on crop eco-phenology and genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI) of tall-type field pea breeding lines. Empirical methods were employed to identify strategic locations that support higher yields and unique genotypic traits.

The Impact and Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcare: Systematic Review.

Introduction: Healthcare organizations are complicated and demanding for all stakeholders, but artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized several sectors, especially healthcare, with the potential to enhance patient outcomes and standard of life. Quick advancements in AI can transform healthcare by implementing it into clinical procedures. Reporting AI's involvement in clinical settings is vital for its successful adoption by providing medical professionals with the necessary information and tools.