Convalescent plasma for COVID-19: a meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis, and meta-regression.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibodies, particularly those preventing interaction between the viral spike receptor-binding domain and the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, may prevent viral entry into host cells and disease progression.

Methods: We performed a systematic review, meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis (TSA), and meta-regression of RCTs to evaluate the benefit of convalescent plasma for COVID-19. The primary outcome was 28-30 day mortality.

Assessment of the Reach, Usability, and Perceived Impact of "": A Parental Sexual Health Text-Messaging Service and Web-Based Resource to Empower Sensitive Conversations with American Indian and Alaska Native Teens.

Background: Early sexual debut among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adolescents has been associated with an increased risk of teenage pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, along with an increased risk of having multiple lifetime sexual partners, and engaging in greater frequency of sex, substance abuse, and lack of condom use. A major protective factor against early sexual debut among AI/AN youth is the familial system. Interventions aiming to improve parent-child communication and parental warmth toward adolescent sexual health topics were reported to contribute to positive youth sexual health outcomes, specifically among minority youth.

Potato consumption is not associated with elevated cardiometabolic risk in adolescent girls.

We examined the association between potato consumption in two different age periods during adolescence and risk of obesity and cardiometabolic dysfunction in White and Black girls. We used data from the biracial prospective National Growth and Health Study. Average potato consumption was derived from multiple 3-d food records in two age periods, 9-11 and 9-17 years, and included white and sweet potatoes from all sources.

Corticosteroids in adult respiratory distress syndrome - an inconvenient truth?

Objectives: Recent studies have demonstrated mortality benefits from corticosteroid use in COVID-19 patients requiring respiratory support. However, clinical practice may warrant the use of corticosteroids outside the context of a clinical trial. Such data are rarely, if ever, reported.

Matriculating Students' Opinions on Cadaveric Dissection: Maintaining Tradition in Changing Times.

As medical education advances, cadaveric dissection is no longer the sole modality to teach anatomy. In light of this, there is limited data regarding how incoming medical students perceive the importance of cadaveric dissection and whether they continue to desire the experience as they consider matriculating to medical school. Surveys were sent to incoming first-year medical students concerning their views of death and dissection.

Hourly potential evapotranspiration at 0.1° resolution for the global land surface from 1981-present.

Challenges exist for assessing the impacts of climate and climate change on the hydrological cycle on local and regional scales, and in turn on water resources, food, energy, and natural hazards. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) represents atmospheric demand for water, which is required at high spatial and temporal resolutions to compute actual evapotranspiration and thus close the water balance near the land surface for many such applications, but there are currently no available high-resolution datasets of PET. Here we develop an hourly PET dataset (hPET) for the global land surface at 0.

Evaluation of Intravitreal Aflibercept for the Treatment of Severe Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Results From the PANORAMA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Proactive treatment of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) reduces the risk of progression to vision-threatening complications.

Objective: To evaluate vascular endothelial growth factor blockade therapy with intravitreal aflibercept injections in eyes with severe NPDR without diabetic macular edema (DME).

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Aflibercept for the Improvement of Moderately Severe to Severe Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PANORAMA) was a double-masked 100-week randomized clinical trial conducted in multiple centers worldwide.

[Vaccination Against COVID-19 in Patients Treated with Psychotropic Drugs].

Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been available in the European Union since December 2020. Persons suffering from mental illness have an increased risk of a severe or fatal course following an infection with SARS-CoV-2. Thus, the question arises to what extent interactions between the newly approved vaccines and psychotropic drugs may be expected.

Risk of Myocarditis from COVID-19 Infection in People Under Age 20: A Population-Based Analysis.

Background: There have been recent reports of myocarditis (including myocarditis, pericarditis or myopericarditis) as a side-effect of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, particularly in young males. Less information is available regarding the risk of myocarditis from COVID-19 infection itself. Such data would be helpful in developing a complete risk-benefit analysis for this population.

Comparison of renal replacement therapy and renal recovery before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single center observational study.

Background: Our objective was to the describe indications, management, complications and outcomes of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in COVID-19 critically ill patients. To contextualize these findings, comparisons were made against 36 non-COVID-19 consecutive patients requiring RRT on ICU.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective single center observational cohort study of patients requiring acute RRT between 1 March and 30 June 2020.

Selective mitochondrial antioxidant MitoTEMPO reduces renal dysfunction and systemic inflammation in experimental sepsis in rats.

Background: Excess mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) in sepsis is associated with organ failure, in part by generating inflammation through the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. We determined the impact of a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant (MitoTEMPO) on mitochondrial dysfunction in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, peritoneal immune cell function ex vivo, and organ dysfunction in a rat model of sepsis.

Methods: The effects of MitoTEMPO were assessed ex vivo using adenosine triphosphate and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat peritoneal immune cells and fresh rat kidney slices exposed to serum from septic rats.

IOP Elevation in Patients Treated With Fluocinolone Acetonide Insert for Chronic Noninfectious Uveitis Affecting the Posterior Segment.

Background And Objective: Characterize timing of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in patients treated with fluocinolone acetonide insert (FAi) for uveitis.

Patients And Methods: A post-hoc subset analysis of data from a randomized, prospective, double-masked, sham-controlled, 3-year, phase 3 clinical trial with 129 participants with noninfectious posterior uveitis randomly assigned to receive 0.18-mg fluocinolone acetonide insert or sham injection.

The future of acute and emergency care.

Improved outcomes for acutely unwell patients are predicated on early identification of deterioration, accelerating the time to accurate diagnosis of the underlying condition, selection and titration of treatments that target biological phenotypes, and personalised endpoints to achieve optimal benefit yet minimise iatrogenic harm. Technological developments entering routine clinical practice over the next decade will deliver a sea change in patient management. Enhanced point of care diagnostics, more sophisticated physiological and biochemical monitoring with superior analytics and computer-aided support tools will all add considerable artificial intelligence to complement clinical skills.

Feasibility of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in the Treatment of Oxygen-Dependent COVID-19 Patients in Peru.

Intensive care is expensive, and availability is limited. Low- and middle-income countries in particular have struggled to cope with the large influx of critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Noninvasive respiratory support devices delivering continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) require less resource and staff expertise compared with invasive mechanical ventilators and can be routinely used outside of intensive care units.