A SOX10+/AR- immunoprofile may identify a subset of low positive ER carcinomas with a wider range of ER expression.

Background: Invasive breast carcinomas (IBC) that strongly express SOX10 are almost always negative for androgen receptor (AR). Furthermore, this SOX10+/AR- subset of IBC is nearly always estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor negative (ER-/PR-), being most commonly seen in triple negative breast carcinomas (TNBC), but also in a small subset of HER2+/ER-/PR- IBC. Following our previous work demonstrating the expression of SOX10 in a subset of IBC with "low positive" ER expression (i.

Cyto-histo correlation and false-negative urine: Before and after the Paris system for reporting urinary cytology.

Background: The impact of implementing the Paris system (TPS) on the rate of discrepant cases in the negative for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (NHGUC) category that had a subsequent diagnosis of high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) on histology is not well studied.

Methods: We adopted TPS in May 2019. We searched discrepant cases with negative urine cytology 2017-2019 in our cyto-histo correlation database.

Lytics broadcasting system: A novel approach to disseminate bacteriophages for disinfection and biogenic hydrogen sulphide removal tested in synthetic sewage.

Owing to their selective nature, bacteriophages are prospective in targeted wastewater disinfection. Other potential applications include the removal of biogenic malodour and the mitigation of corrosion in sewerage pipelines. Nevertheless, its applications are ridden with challenges, the most prominent of which is scaling up.

MDM2 amplification in malignant Brenner tumors may play a role in progression to malignancy and aid in separation from urothelial and other ovarian carcinomas.

Malignant Brenner tumor (MBT) is diagnosed in the setting of invasive high-grade carcinoma with urothelial-like morphology and the presence of an adjacent benign Brenner tumor (BBT) or borderline Brenner tumor (BLBT). MDM2 amplification was recently detected by next-generation sequencing on a small number of MBTs, potentially significant for future targeted therapy. Experience is limited, however, and evaluation of widely available MDM2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) has not been performed to determine clinical utility.

Bone and soft tissue sarcomas in cerebrospinal fluid and effusion: A 20-year review at our institution.

Background: The literature on bone and soft tissue sarcomas (BSTSs) involving effusions and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is very limited.

Methods: A computerized search for fluid cytology with a sarcoma diagnosis from 2000 to 2020 was performed. All available cases, including the clinical follow-up, were reviewed.

Smooth muscle tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: an analysis of prognostic features in 407 cases.

Smooth muscle tumors represent the second most common mural mesenchymal neoplasm in the gastrointestinal tract, but established criteria for prognostic assessment of these tumors are lacking. A large cohort of surgically resected intramural gastrointestinal smooth muscle tumors from 31 institutions was analyzed to identify potential prognostic features. Pathologic features were assessed by expert gastrointestinal and/or soft tissue pathologists at each center.

Mammary Extranodal Rosai-Dorfman Disease With and Without Associated Axillary Lymphadenopathy: Insights for Practitioners of Breast Pathology.

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare proliferative histiocytic disorder of lymph nodes that is descriptively known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement of the parenchyma of the breast is uncommonly reported, with fewer than 50 cases of mammary extranodal disease detailed in the English-language literature. We characterize a retrospective series of adult female patients from a single institution with Rosai-Dorfman disease of the breast and axillary lymph nodes.

Effect of two herbal mouthwashes on gingival health of school children.

This study aimed at determining the effect of indigenously prepared neem and mango chewing stick mouthwashes on plaque and gingival indices. A sample of 105 children aged 12-15 years was randomized into three groups, namely neem, mango, and chlorhexidine mouthwash groups. All the children were examined at baseline and gingival and plaque indices were recorded.

Fulminant neonatal sepsis due to Streptococcus alactolyticus - A case report and review.

Group D streptococci have rarely been associated with neonatal infections. We report a case of fulminant respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) caused by Streptococcus alactolyticus in a term neonate. Gram staining revealed gram-positive cocci and culture grew group D streptococci in samples taken from trachea, ear, and nasopharynx.

Relationship between serum lithium, salivary lithium, and urinary lithium in patients on lithium therapy.

Lithium carbonate is used in the treatment of both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between serum lithium, salivary lithium, and urinary lithium. Blood, saliva, and urine samples were collected from 50 patients, and estimation of serum, salivary, and urine lithium was done using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.