Investigating the Anticancer Potential of Biochanin A in KB Oral Cancer Cells Through the NFκB Pathway.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignancy primarily affecting squamous cells. Its development is linked to multiple risk factors, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Biochanin A (BCA), a phytoestrogen extracted from red clover, has been extensively researched for its therapeutic properties.

An optimized Nurr1 agonist provides disease-modifying effects in Parkinson's disease models.

The nuclear receptor, Nurr1, is critical for both the development and maintenance of midbrain dopamine neurons, representing a promising molecular target for Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously identified three Nurr1 agonists (amodiaquine, chloroquine and glafenine) that share an identical chemical scaffold, 4-amino-7-chloroquinoline (4A7C), suggesting a structure-activity relationship. Herein we report a systematic medicinal chemistry search in which over 570 4A7C-derivatives were generated and characterized.

Design and synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives as antimycobacterial agents.

A series of 2,5-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives was synthesized with the aim to identify compounds with potent anti-TB activity. All the compounds were screened in vitro against cultured Mycobacterium tuberculosis H Rv strain and found to be exhibiting MIC values in the range of 0.195-100 µM.

Pretreatment of hydroethanolic extract of Dillenia indica L. attenuates oleic acid induced NAFLD in HepG2 cells via modulating SIRT-1/p-LKB-1/AMPK, HMGCR & PPAR-α signaling pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dillenia indica L. is an edible plant from the Dilleniaceae family present in the forest of India and other Asian countries. Different parts of this plant are being used in the traditional system of medicines for various diseases like diabetes, indigestion, asthma, jaundice, and rheumatic pain by various rural communities.

Dissecting The role of metacaspase-2 in malaria gametogenesis and sporogony.

The family of apicomplexan specific proteins contains caspases-like proteins called "metacaspases". These enzymes are present in the malaria parasite but absent in human; therefore, these can be explored as potential drug targets. We deleted the MCA-2 gene from genome using a gene knockout strategy to decipher its precise function.

Fructose-palmitate based high calorie induce steatosis in HepG2 cells via mitochondrial dysfunction: An in vitro approach.

A proper in vitro model for conducting research on high energy food induced steatosis via defective energy metabolism in the liver is not visible in the literature. The present study developed an in vitro model in HepG2 cell line to mimic high energy diet induced steatosis in liver via mitochondrial dysfunction. For this, HepG2 cells were treated with fructose (100 mM) and palmitate (100 μM) for about 24 h and subjected for biochemical analysis relevant to lipogenesis and mitochondrial biology.

Preventive effect of nerolidol on isoproterenol induced myocardial damage in Wistar rats: Evidences from biochemical and histopathological studies.

The present study aimed at investigating the protective effects of nerolidol (NRD) against myocardial infarction (MI) induced by isoproterenol (ISO) in Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into five groups, each group consisting of six rats. Group I were treated as control rats, group II received NRD (200 mg/kg b.

Assessment of groundwater vulnerability to contamination: a case study.

Groundwater is a globally important, valuable resource for human life and economic development. Despite its importance, it is often misused and rarely well managed. Delineation of polluted zone attains significance especially when the pollution affects the human health.

Isolation, identification and characterization of apigenin from Justicia gendarussa and its anti-inflammatory activity.

Inflammatory responses during chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer etc., are harmful to host organisms. Generally NSAIDs are used to treat against these severe conditions but due to its adverse effects studies are going on with medicinal plants, since they are rich in bioactive compounds.

Significance of mitochondria on cardiometabolic syndromes.

Metabolic syndromes (MS) are a cluster of disorders such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), a branch of MS, is a group of diseases affecting cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, prothrombotic, and inflammatory abnormalities due to defects in energy metabolism. Since the emergence of molecular biology and the discovery of pathogenic mitochondrial DNA defect in the 1980s, research advances have revealed a number of common human diseases involving mitochondrial dysfunction.

Insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by TNF-α is improved by punicic acid through upregulation of insulin signalling pathway and endocrine function, and downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines.

Insulin resistance (IR) has become a major threat to public health due to its role in metabolic syndrome. Inflammation associated with IR is an interesting area of biomedical research in recent years and is expected to affect insulin signalling pathway via downregulating glucose transporters. In the present study, we evaluate the potential of punicic acid (PA), a nutraceutical found in pomegranate seed oil, against TNF-α induced alteration in 3T3-L1 adipocytes on glucose metabolism, endocrine function and inflammation.

Axial pattern flaps, using the deep circumflex iliac artery, superficial brachial and cranial superficial epigastric direct cutaneous arteries in the dog.

Three dogs (Boxer, Labrador Retriever and German Shepherd) between the age of 7-10 years were presented with the history of tumour masses on right caudo-lateral thigh, right cranial forearm and left cranial and caudal thoracic mammary gland region, respectively. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the tumour masses and the sentinel regional lymph nodes were done. Plain radiography was done to rule out distant metastasis.

Data on efficacy of umbelliferone on glycoconjugates and immunological marker in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced oral carcinogenesis.

Umbelliferone, a phenolic coumarin and dietary agent is believed to play a key role in pharmacological activities including anti-cancer and anti-oxidants effect in various and models. In present data on the pre-treatment of umbelliferone (30 mg/kg b.w.

Umbelliferone arrest cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induces apoptosis in human oral carcinoma (KB) cells possibly via oxidative DNA damage.

Umbelliferone (UMB) has widespread pharmacological activity, comprising anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-genotoxic and anti-immunomodulatory but the anticancer activity remains unknown in human oral carcinoma (HOC) KB cells. MTT assay determinations was revealed that treatment of KB cells with UMB, prevent and reduce the cell proliferation with the IC - 200μM as well as induces loss of cell viability, morphology change and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in a concentration dependent manner. Acridine orange and ethidium bromide dual staining assay established that UMB induced apoptosis in KB cells in a dose dependent manner.

Modulation of Angiogenesis, Proliferative Response and Apoptosis by β-Sitosterol in Rat Model of Renal Carcinogenesis.

As expanded understanding of molecular tumor characteristics, which drive renal cancer growth and progression gives a promising future for renal carcinoma therapy. The objective of the present study was designed to examine the effect of β-sitosterol on a rat model of experimental renal carcinogenesis. Renal carcinogenesis was induced in rats treated with N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN; 200 mg/kg bw single i.

Evaluate the Antigenotoxicity and Anticancer Role of β-Sitosterol by Determining Oxidative DNA Damage and the Expression of Phosphorylated Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases', C-fos, C-jun, and Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor.

Background: Plant sterols are the major source of micronutrients and have not shown any obvious side effects in human. β-sitosterol is one of the most prevalent phytosterols which have been recorded in ancient medicinal history for its use in the treatment of many chronic diseases, especially cancer. The modulations of mitogen-activated protein kinases' (MAPKs') play a crucial role in the development of human renal cell carcinoma.

Dose responsive efficacy of umbelliferone on lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant, and xenobiotic metabolism in DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis.

This study evaluated the chemopreventive potential of umbelliferone (UMB) on 7,12- dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. The mechanistic pathway for chemopreventive potential of UMB was evaluated by measuring the status of tumour incidence, tumour volume, and tumour burden as well as by analyzing the status of phase I, phase II detoxification agents, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, histopathological changes and also expression patterns of cell proliferation (PCNA, Cyclin D1) and apoptotic (p53) markers using immunohistochemistry in DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was created by painting of 0.

Bilobalide abates inflammation, insulin resistance and secretion of angiogenic factors induced by hypoxia in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by controlling NF-κB and JNK activation.

Obesity leads to inflammation and insulin resistance in adipose tissue. Hypoxia, observed in obese adipose tissue is suggested as a major cause of inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. However, the role of hypoxia in adipose tissue during obesity and insulin resistance was not well established.

Attenuation of atherosclerotic complications by modulating inflammatory responses in hypercholesterolemic rats with dietary Njavara rice bran oil.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The role of inflammation in atherosclerosis is well established, with all stages of disease progression being assessed as inflammatory response to injury. Preventive treatments and drugs identified so far are based on lipid lowering strategies which also involves functional foods and dietary supplementation.

Nephroprotective effect of β-sitosterol on N-diethylnitrosamine initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate promoted acute nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats.

Background: The most abundant plant sterol β-sitosterol is widely used for treating heart diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of β-sitosterol against nephrotoxicants which were studied using renal function markers, antioxidant and lipid peroxidation status, and inflammatory markers.

Methods: Male albino Wistar rats were randomly grouped into four: group 1 was vehicle control rats (0.

Tricin, flavonoid from Njavara reduces inflammatory responses in hPBMCs by modulating the p38MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways and prevents inflammation associated endothelial dysfunction in HUVECs.

Previous studies revealed the potent anti-inflammatory activity of tricin, the active component of Njavara rice bran. Here, we report the involvement of specific signaling pathways in the protective effect of tricin against LPS induced inflammation in hPBMCs and the role of tricin in modulating endothelial dysfunction in LPS induced HUVECs. Pretreatment with tricin (15μM) significantly inhibited the release of TNF-α and was comparable to the specific pathway blockers like ERK inhibitor (PD98059), JNK inhibitor (SP600125) and p38 inhibitor (SB203580), whereas an increased release of TNF-α was observed in PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002) treated cells.

Dietary Njavara rice bran oil reduces experimentally induced hypercholesterolaemia by regulating genes involved in lipid metabolism.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-atherogenic effect of Njavara rice bran oil (NjRBO) on atherosclerosis by modulating enzymes and genes involved in lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). Adult male rats (Sprague-Dawley strain, weighing 100-120 g) were divided into three groups of nine animals each. Group I served as the control, group II were fed a HCD and group III were fed a HCD and NjRBO (100 mg/kg body weight).

Nephroprotective effect of vanillic acid against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in wistar rats: a biochemical and molecular study.

Cisplatin is one of the extensively used anticancer drugs against various cancers. Dosage dependent nephrotoxicity is the major problem in cisplatin chemotherapy. Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity results in the depletion of renal antioxidant defence system.