Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection is a worldwide distributed animal disease. BVDV is the causal agent of congenital defects, diarrhea, reproductive failure, and contaminating biological products. Virus Neutralization test (VNT) as a gold standard method is used for detection of BVDV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunization with DNA vaccines as a novel alternative to conventional vaccination strategy requires adjuvant for improving vaccine efficacy. The conserved immunogenic HA2 subunit, which harbors neutralizing epitopes is a promising vaccine candidate against influenza viruses. In this study, for the first time we explore the idea of using host interferon inducible Mx protein to increase the immunogenicity of HA2 H9N2 influenza DNA vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The direct transmission of avian influenza viruses to human and increasing drug resisted strains posing new threats for public health. Therefore, development of efficient vaccines is needed to generate protective and persistent immunity to the viruses.
Methods: Three motifs of Mx protein sequence in human, mouse and poultry located in interferon induced (GTP ase) domain were candidate as biologic adjuvant for enhancing the immune responses against influenza virus.