Income-Related Disparities in Mortality Among Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Importance: Previous studies have indicated an inverse association between income and mortality. However, differences in health outcomes according to the income level of young adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with older adults with T2D have not been elucidated.

Objective: To estimate the overall and cause-specific mortality risks among patients with T2D according to income and age.

Treatment Patterns and Preferences for Graves' Disease in Korea: Insights from a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Treatment patterns and preferences for patients with Graves' disease (GD) vary across countries. In this study, we assessed the initial therapies and subsequent treatment modalities employed for GD in real-world clinical practice in Korea. We analyzed 452,001 patients with GD from 2004 to 2020, obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Financial Benefits of Renal Dose-Adjusted Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Backgruound: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are frequently prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes; however, their cost can pose a significant barrier for those with impaired kidney function. This study aimed to estimate the economic benefits of substituting non-renal dose-adjusted (NRDA) DPP4 inhibitors with renal dose-adjusted (RDA) DPP4 inhibitors in patients with both impaired kidney function and type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018, using data obtained from common data models of five medical centers in Korea.

Recent Glycemia Is a Major Determinant of β-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Backgruound: Progressive deterioration of β-cell function is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the relative contributions of clinical factors to β-cell function in T2DM.

Methods: In a T2DM cohort of 470 adults (disease duration 0 to 41 years), β-cell function was estimated using insulinogenic index (IGI), disposition index (DI), oral disposition index (DIO), and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-B) derived from a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Thyroid cancer-specific mortality during 2005-2018 in Korea, aftermath of the overdiagnosis issue: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) has underwent notable changes in its diagnosis and treatments following the concerns regarding overdiagnosis and overtreatment. However, there is little research on evaluating the effects of these alterations on TC-specific mortality.

Materials And Methods: This population-based cohort study included 434 228 patients with TC using Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database.

Efficacy and tolerability of initial triple combination therapy with metformin, dapagliflozin and saxagliptin compared with stepwise add-on therapy in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes (TRIPLE-AXEL study): A multicentre, randomized, 104-week, open-label, active-controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of an initial triple combination therapy (TCT) compared with conventional stepwise add-on therapy (SAT) in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: This multicentre, randomized, 104-week, open-label trial randomized 105 patients with drug-naïve T2D (with HbA1c level ≥ 8.0%, < 11.

Continuous glucose monitoring with structured education in adults with type 2 diabetes managed by multiple daily insulin injections: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of stand-alone intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) with or without a structured education programme and blood glucose monitoring (BGM) in adults with type 2 diabetes on multiple daily insulin injections (MDI).

Methods: In this 24 week randomised open-label multicentre trial, adults with type 2 diabetes on intensive insulin therapy with HbA levels of 58-108 mmol/mol (7.5-12.

Cancer Risk in Graves Disease with Radioactive I Treatment: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Radioactive I (RAI) therapy has potential effects for the treatment of Graves disease (GD). However, whether RAI therapy for GD increases cancer risk remains controversial in medicine and public health. We aimed to investigate whether the risk of cancer increases in patients with GD receiving RAI therapy compared with those who did not.

Enhancing Diabetes Care through a Mobile Application: A Randomized Clinical Trial on Integrating Physical and Mental Health among Disadvantaged Individuals.

Backgruound: This study examines integrating physical and mental healthcare for disadvantaged persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild-to-moderate depression in the community, using a mobile application within a public-private-academic partnership.

Methods: The Korean Diabetes Association has developed a mobile application combining behavioral activation for psychological well-being and diabetes self-management, with conventional medical therapy. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the application with usual care or only usual care.

Mid-Term Strategic Plan for the Public Health and Medical Care Cooperation in the Korean Peninsula.

As extensive as the concept of and the resources required for 'Health for Korean Unification' are, and due to the limited access to information on the state of health and medical care in North Korea, discussion on 'Health for Korean Unification' has tended to be intermittent and lacked concrete action plans. In this article, we specifically distinguished areas of cooperation and selected five executable agenda that meet the goals of international development cooperation: 1) Health security; 2) Easing the burden of major diseases; 3) Resilient healthcare system; 4) R&D cooperation; 5) Sustainable cooperation system. Then we provided corresponding strategic priorities and operative directions, in consideration of future military and political sanctions against North Korea.

Role of Fenofibrate Use in Dyslipidemia and Related Comorbidities in the Asian Population: A Narrative Review.

Hypertriglyceridemia and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) persist despite statin therapy, contributing to residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Asian subjects are metabolically more susceptible to hypertriglyceridemia than other ethnicities. Fenofibrate regulates hypertriglyceridemia, raises HDL-C levels, and is a recommended treatment for dyslipidemia.

Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Semaglutide Versus Once-Daily Sitagliptin as Metformin Add-on in a Korean Population with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are well-established type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatments. As variations among populations and culture might influence treatment effects, this post hoc analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of once-weekly (OW) semaglutide in a Korean population.

Methods: Korean adults with T2D inadequately controlled on metformin included in a 30-week, phase 3a, international, multicentre trial (NCT03061214) compared OW subcutaneous semaglutide (0.

Attention to Innate Circadian Rhythm and the Impact of Its Disruption on Diabetes.

Novel strategies are required to reduce the risk of developing diabetes and/or clinical outcomes and complications of diabetes. In this regard, the role of the circadian system may be a potential candidate for the prevention of diabetes. We reviewed evidence from animal, clinical, and epidemiological studies linking the circadian system to various aspects of the pathophysiology and clinical outcomes of diabetes.

Associations of omega-3 fatty acids vs. fenofibrate with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in people with metabolic syndrome: propensity matched cohort study.

Aims: Omega-3 fatty acids and fenofibrates have shown some beneficial cardiovascular effects; however, their efficacy has not been compared. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of currently available omega-3 fatty acids and fenofibrate for reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Methods And Results: From a nationwide population-based cohort in South Korea (2008-2019), individuals with metabolic syndrome (≥30 years) who received statin with omega-3 fatty acids and those receiving statin with fenofibrate were matched by propensity score (n = 39 165 in both groups).

Comparison of on-Statin Lipid and Lipoprotein Levels for the Prediction of First Cardiovascular Event in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Backgruound: A substantial cardiovascular disease risk remains even after optimal statin therapy. Comparative predictiveness of major lipid and lipoprotein parameters for cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who are treated with statins is not well documented.

Methods: From the Korean Nationwide Cohort, 11,900 patients with T2DM (≥40 years of age) without a history of cardiovascular disease and receiving moderate- or high-intensity statins were included.

Clinical and Lifestyle Determinants of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics in Insulin-Treated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Backgruound: There was limited evidence to evaluate the association between lifestyle habits and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics. Thus, we aimed to depict the behavioral and metabolic determinants of CGM metrics in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This is a prospective observational study.

Additive impact of diabetes and sarcopenia on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A longitudinal nationwide population-based study.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and sarcopenia (SP) are growing public health concerns in an aging society, which share common pathophysiological mechanisms and are associated with serious health consequences. We investigated the impact of DM and SP on all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities in a longitudinal nationwide population-based study.

Methods: The study analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2008 and 2011, including information on appendicular skeletal muscle mass data.

Weight-adjusted waist as an integrated index for fat, muscle and bone health in adults.

Background: Unhealthy body composition, including high fat mass, low muscle mass and low bone mass, is a critical health issue in adults. The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) estimates fat and muscle mass and may have implications for bone health. We examined its association with body composition outcomes in a large Korean adult cohort.

Sex differences in mortality in patients with acromegaly: a nationwide cohort study in Korea.

Objective: The results of previous studies on sex differences in mortality and comorbidities among patients with acromegaly are diverse. We assessed sex differences in mortality and the risk of complications in patients with acromegaly.

Methods: We included 1884 patients with acromegaly with 1:50 age- and sex-matched 94 200 controls using the Korean nationwide claims database from 2009 to 2019.

Effect of a Wearable Device-Based Physical Activity Intervention in North Korean Refugees: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Effective health interventions for North Korean refugees vulnerable to metabolic disorders are currently unelucidated.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of digital health interventions in North Korean refugees using a wearable activity tracker (Fitbit device).

Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, open-label study on North Korean refugees aged 19-59 years between June 2020 and October 2021 with a 12-week follow-up period.