Individual and social-environmental factors among young drivers informing decisions to ride with an impaired driver and drive impaired: A sequential mixed methods assessment.

Objective: To contextually examine facilitators of young driver decisions to ride with an impaired driver (RWI) or drive while impaired (DWI).

Methods: Data were from the NIH's NEXT Generation Health Study (NEXT), a 7-year longitudinal nationally representative study with a U.S.

Modeling of drinking and driving behaviors among adolescents and young adults in the United States: Complexities and Intervention outcomes.

Alcohol-impaired driving is a formidable public health problem in the United States, claiming the lives of 37 individuals daily in alcohol-related crashes. Alcohol-impaired driving is affected by a multitude of interconnected factors, coupled with long delays between stakeholders' actions and their impacts, which not only complicate policy-making but also increase the likelihood of unintended consequences. We developed a system dynamics simulation model of drinking and driving behaviors among adolescents and young adults.

Shared and distinct parental influences on teen impaired driving in rural and suburban contexts: A mixed methods study of young drivers.

Objective: To explore shared and distinct parental influences on rural and suburban adolescents' riding with an impaired driver (RWI) and driving while impaired (DWI) behaviors during high school.

Methods: Participants in the NEXT Generation Health Study (NEXT) were classified into four RWI/DWI trajectory classes (i.e.

Do adolescent trajectories of riding with an impaired driver and driving impaired predict similar behaviors in early adulthood?

Background: A recent study shows four trajectories of riding with an impaired driver (RWI) and driving while impaired (DWI) from adolescence to emerging adulthood. We examined prospective associations of adolescent RWI/DWI trajectory class with early adulthood RWI/DWI behavior.

Methods: Data were from the NEXT Generation Health Study (NEXT), a nationally representative longitudinal study (N = 2783) beginning with a 10th-grade cohort completing 7 annual assessment waves (W1-W7) between 2010 and 2016 and a later follow-up mixed methods study.

Longitudinal perspectives of riding with a cannabis-impaired driver.

Objective: To explore decisions and perceptions of engaging in riding with a cannabis-impaired driver (RWI) during high school and young adulthood to build context around RWI-cannabis events.

Methods: Participants were sampled from the NEXT Generation Health Study (NEXT), a 7-year national cohort study of adolescent health behaviors. Four RWI and driving while impaired (DWI) trajectories classes (i.

A Nationally Representative Study of Sexual Orientation and High-Risk Drinking From Adolescence to Young Adulthood.

Purpose: To determine whether peer drunkenness, parental knowledge about their adolescent's whereabouts and behaviors, and depressive symptoms contribute to sexual orientation disparities in high-risk drinking behaviors; if they do, they would be potential intervention targets.

Methods: Longitudinal survey data from 2,051 adolescents who participated in the NEXT Generation Health Study were analyzed. Latent growth curve and longitudinal path analyses were used to test for indirect effects linking sexual orientation in 11th grade (3.

Longitudinal associations between high school sleep characteristics and young adult health outcomes.

Study Objectives: Short sleep duration and evening chronotype are independently associated with negative health outcomes. However, it is unclear how adolescent sleep duration and chronotype are longitudinally associated with health outcomes during early adulthood.

Methods: Participants from the NEXT Generation Health Study (n = 2,783; 54.

Trajectories and Outcomes of Adolescents that Ride With an Impaired Driver/Drive While Impaired.

Introduction: For young drivers, independent transportation has been noted to offer them opportunities that can be beneficial as they enter early adulthood. However, those that choose to engage in riding with an impaired driver (RWI) and drive while impaired (DWI) over time can face negative consequences reducing such opportunities. This study examined the prospective association of identified longitudinal trajectory classes among adolescents that RWI and DWI with their later health, education, and employment in emerging adulthood.

Is Delayed Driving Licensure Associated With Emerging Adult Health, Education, and Employment?

Purpose: Driving licensure remains a major developmental milestone for adolescents as they become more independent to access important health, education, and employment opportunities. Today, more teens are delaying driving licensure than before. We investigated associations of delayed licensure with health, education, and employment 4 years after high school.

Mapping the complex causal mechanisms of drinking and driving behaviors among adolescents and young adults.

Background: The proportion of motor vehicle crash fatalities involving alcohol-impaired drivers declined substantially between 1982 and 1997, but progress stopped after 1997. The systemic complexity of alcohol-impaired driving contributes to the persistence of this problem. This study aims to identify and map key feedback mechanisms that affect alcohol-impaired driving among adolescents and young adults in the U.

Alcohol-related deaths among young passengers: An analysis of national alcohol-related fatal crashes.

Introduction: There is consensus that riding with an impaired driver (RWI) constitutes a major threat to public health. The aim of this study was to characterize the factors contributing to the motor-vehicle deaths of 15-20 year-old (y/o) passengers that RWI with a peer.

Method: Secondary analyses of the 2010-2018 Fatality Analysis Reporting System.

Trajectories of risky driving among emerging adults with their mental and psychosomatic health predictors in the 12th grade.

Objective: To identify trajectory classes of risky driving among emerging adults and examine predictive associations of depressive and psychosomatic symptoms in the 12th grade with the identified trajectory classes.

Methods: Data were from the last year in high school (12th-Grade - Wave 3 [W3]) and years 1-4 after high school (Waves 4-7 [W4-7]) of the NEXT Generation Health Study, a nationally representative study starting with 10th grade (2009-2010). We measured risky driving with the 21-item Checkpoints Self-Reported Risky Driving Scale (C-RDS).

Time to licensure for driving among U.S. teens: Survival analysis of interval-censored survey data.

Objective: Novice drivers who delay in driving licensure may miss safety benefits of Graduate Driver Licensing (GDL) programs, potentially putting themselves at higher crash-risk. Time to licensure relates their access to independent transportation to potential future economic- and educational-related opportunities. The objective of this study was to explore time to licensure associations with teens' race/ethnicity and GDL restrictions.

Autonomous motivation and action planning are longitudinally associated with physical activity during adolescence and early adulthood.

We examined the associations of autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and physical activity (PA) planning with PA participation over six years across the adolescent-to-adult transition. Participants from the NEXT Generation Health Study, a nationally representative cohort study of U.S.

Associations Between Graduated Driver Licensing Restrictions and Delay in Driving Licensure Among U.S. High School Students.

Introduction: Some of the most vulnerable groups of teens choose to delay driving licensure (DDL). We assessed longitudinal associations between state-level Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) restrictions and DDL among U.S.

Riding with an impaired driver and driving while impaired among adolescents: Longitudinal trajectories and their characteristics.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize trajectory classes of adolescents who ride with an impaired driver (RWI) and drive while impaired (DWI).

Methods: We analyzed all 7 annual assessments (Waves W1-W7) of the NEXT Generation Health Study, a nationally representative longitudinal study starting with 10th grade (2009-2010 school year). Using all 7 waves, latent class analysis was used to identify trajectory classes with dichotomized RWI (last 12 months) and DWI (last 30 days; once or more = 1 vs.

Validation of a continuous measure of cardiometabolic risk among adolescents.

Objectives: We validated a continuous cardiometabolic risk (CMR) measure among adolescents.

Methods: Five metabolic syndrome (MetS) components including waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and mean arterial pressure were assessed in a national cohort of U.S.

Association between a delay in driving licensure and driving while impaired and riding with an impaired driver among emerging adults.

Background: Teens who delay driving licensure may not be subject to graduated driver licensing restrictions that are known to reduce crash risk. We explored the association of delay in licensure with driving while impaired (DWI) and riding with an impaired driver (RWI) among emerging adults.

Methods: Data from the NEXT Generation Health Study, starting with 10th grade (2009-2010), were analyzed.

Associations of mental health with driving while impaired and risky driving in emerging adults.

Objective: Examined cross-sectional associations of driving while impaired (DWI) and risky driving with mental and psychosomatic health among U.S. emerging adults.

Three Dimensions of Sleep, Somatic Symptoms, and Marijuana Use in U.S. High School Students.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate potential bidirectional relations between key sleep characteristics and somatic symptoms with past 30-day marijuana use in high school students.

Methods: Participants from the NEXT Generation Health Study (n = 2,770) reported on 10th and 11th grade (W1 and W2) sleep characteristics and somatic symptoms and 12th grade (W3) past 30-day marijuana. Multivariate logistic regressions and path analyses were conducted.

Alcohol- and speeding-related fatal crashes among novice drivers age 18-20 not fully licensed at the time of the crash.

Introduction: Some teens may intentionally delay their driving licensure until age 18 or later, thereby skipping the learning and driver safety benefits provided by graduated driver licensing (GDL) programs. Delaying driving initiation could elevate teen crash risk once they begin driving. This study compares the prevalence of alcohol use and speeding among individuals aged 18-20 y/o who were not fully licensed drivers (NFLD) at the time of the fatal crash with that of their fully licensed counterparts (FLD).

Attitudes, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control Associated with Age of First Use of Cannabis among Adolescents.

Background: Prevention of early age initiation of cannabis use is a national priority, highlighting the importance of identifying cannabis-specific attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control in relation to initiation age.

Methods: Data were from the NEXT Generation Health Study, a national longitudinal sample of US adolescents followed from 10th grade (N = 1850). Cannabis-specific attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control were assessed at 10th grade.

Association between the Built Environment and Active Transportation among U.S. Adolescents.

Introduction: As a major determinant of obesity and cardiovascular disease in the United States, decreasing physical activity (PA) has led researchers to study factors influencing daily PA. One opportunity for modifying PA is in relation to transportation to and from school and/or work. We examined the association between characteristics of the built environment of home neighborhoods and transportation-related PA to school or work among youth and emerging adults.

Parent and Teen Factors Associated with the Amount and Variety of Supervised Practice Driving.

Despite the fact that a minimum number of practice hours for novice drivers has been widely adopted in the U.S., Australia, NZ and in some European countries, surprisingly little is known about the amount or variety of driving during the learner stage.