High-throughput specificity profiling of antibody libraries using ribosome display and microfluidics.

In this work, we developed PolyMap (polyclonal mapping), a high-throughput method for mapping protein-protein interactions. We demonstrated the mapping of thousands of antigen-antibody interactions between diverse antibody libraries isolated from convalescent and vaccinated COVID-19 donors and a set of clinically relevant SARS-CoV-2 spike variants. We identified over 150 antibodies with a variety of distinctive binding patterns toward the antigen variants and found a broader binding profile, including targeting of the Omicron variant, in the antibody repertoires of more recent donors.

Oxidative conversion of transthyretin in formalin-fixed clinical amyloid samples results in the formation of the His90Asp and His90Asn variants.

Background: Proteomics is routinely used to type clinical amyloid deposits, and offers additional benefit of identifying genetic variants, which can be diagnostically useful. Reviewing the proteomics data for ATTR patients attending our Centre revealed an unusually large number of samples containing a rare pathogenic H90D TTR variant alongside the more common H90N variant.

Methods: These findings raised questions to their source.

The impact of protocol designs for using massage guns on lower body flexibility: A randomised cross-over design study.

Introduction: Current protocols for delivering percussive therapy (PT) using massage guns are heterogeneous creating a need to establish the impact of study design on physiological measures. This cross-over design study aimed to determine the most effective protocol, among the eight protocols examined, on lower body flexibility, and to support the provision of protocol validation for future research.

Method: Recreationally active healthy adults (n = 35) undertook two main protocols; three sessions per week at 2100 rpm or increasing the speed from session-to-session: 1750 to 2100-2400 rpm.

The influence of observation sequence features on the performance of the Bayesian hidden Markov model: A Monte Carlo simulation study.

The hidden Markov model is a popular modeling strategy for describing and explaining latent process dynamics. There is a lack of information on the estimation performance of the Bayesian hidden Markov model when applied to categorical, one-level data. We conducted a simulation study to assess the effect of the 1) number of observations (250-8.

Response Rates, Reliability, and Convergent Validity in Experience Sampling Data.

This study examined associations of compliance rate with the reliability and convergent validity of intoxication and negative affect assessments in experience sampling method (ESM) data in three samples (Veterans, Sexual Minority Men, and College Students). Convergent validity was operationalized as within-person associations between daily aggregates of random in situ assessments and retrospective daily assessments or transdermal alcohol assessments. Measures with lower ICC require more assessments for a reliable aggregate (e.

Disease extent according to baseline [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and molecular subtype: prediction of axillary treatment response after neoadjuvant systemic therapy for breast cancer.

Background: Axillary disease extent according to baseline [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT combined with pathological axillary treatment response has been proposed to guide de-escalation of axillary treatment for clinically node-positive breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant systemic therapy. The aim of this study was to assess whether axillary disease extent according to baseline [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and breast cancer molecular subtype are predictors of axillary pCR.

Methods: This study included clinically node-positive patients treated with neoadjuvant systemic therapy in the prospective Radioactive Iodine Seed placement in the Axilla with Sentinel lymph node biopsy ('RISAS') trial (NCT02800317) with baseline [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT imaging available.

Observations on the Electronic Character of Anions and Cations near Water Liquid/Vapor Interfaces.

In recent years, many researchers have become interested in chemical reactions, photon-induced processes, and other events taking place at or near aqueous liquid/vapor or ice/vapor interfaces. Such studies relate to a wide variety of atmospheric, oceanographic, and environmental issues. Near these interfaces, atomic and molecular anions and cations display quite different behaviors than when they are fully solvated in the bulk medium.

Sexual Alcohol Expectancies, Alcohol Intoxication, and Sexual Behavior in MSM: An Experience Sampling Study.

Despite advances in prevention and treatment, the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus remains a significant problem in the United States, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM). Alcohol use can promote risky sexual decisions, and alcohol expectancies may influence the role of alcohol in decision making. The present secondary analysis tests the moderating role of sexual alcohol expectancies (SAEs) in the relation between daily alcohol intoxication and sexual behavior in a sample of 248 moderate- to heavy-drinking MSM.

Early extubation after elective surgical aortic valve replacement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is an established therapy for severe calcific aortic stenosis. Enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery (ERACS) protocols have been shown to improve outcomes for elective cardiac procedures. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted early extubation post-elective surgeries to preserve critical care resources.

Prospective environmental burdens and benefits of fast-swing direct air carbon capture and storage.

Direct air capture (DAC) in combination with storage of CO can lower atmospheric CO concentrations. This study investigates the environmental impact of a new fast-swing solid sorbent DAC system, including CO transport and storage, over its life cycle, using prospective life cycle assessment. This DAC technology is currently on technology readiness level 5 and is expected to operate on an industrial scale by 2030.

The Ventilatory Ratio as a Predictor of Successful Weaning from a Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator.

Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is a critical intervention for patients with severe lung failure, especially acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The weaning process from ECMO relies largely on expert opinion due to a lack of evidence-based guidelines. The ventilatory ratio (VR), which correlates with dead space and mortality in ARDS, is calculated as [minute ventilation (mL/min) x arterial pCO (mmHg)]/[predicted body weight × 100 × 37.

Identifying the immunoglobulin G transporter in equine tissues: A look at the neonatal Fc receptor.

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is the receptor responsible for bidirectional transport of immunoglobulin G (IgG) across cells, maintenance of IgG levels in serum, and assisting with antigen presentation. Unfortunately, little is known about FcRn in horses. Therefore, the objective of this study was to provide fundamental information regarding the location of FcRn in equine tissues.

Establishing the Preface for a Unified Otolaryngology Residency Curriculum: Implications and Considerations.

Otolaryngology residency training, along with the world of online medical education, has been continuously evolving and refining methods to educate and produce competent otolaryngologists. Numerous resources have been developed to assist otolaryngology residents in enhancing their clinical training. Although these resources greatly enhance clinical training, the growing volume of material presents a challenge within the constrained schedule of otolaryngology residents.

Practice patterns of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy after fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair.

Objective: Antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy are commonly prescribed after fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair (F/BEVAR). However, the optimal regimen remains unknown. We sought to characterize practice patterns and outcomes of antiplatelet and anticoagulant use in patients who underwent F/BEVAR.

Cardiac organoids do not warrant additional moral scrutiny.

Certain organoid subtypes are particularly sensitive. We explore whether moral intuitions about the heartbeat warrant unique moral consideration for newly advanced contracting cardiac organoids. Despite the heartbeat's moral significance in organ procurement and abortion discussions, we argue that this significance should not translate into moral implications for cardiac organoids.

Polyvascular disease is common in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy and lower extremity bypass and is associated with worse outcomes.

Background: Polyvascular disease is strongly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, its prevalence in patients undergoing carotid and lower extremity surgical revascularization and its impact on outcomes are unknown.

Methods: The Vascular Quality Initiative was queried for carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or infrainguinal lower extremity bypass (LEB), 2013-2019.

Earned outcomes correlate with reliability-adjusted surgical mortality after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and predict future performance.

Objective: Cumulative, probability-based metrics are regularly used to measure quality in professional sports, but these methods have not been applied to health care delivery. These techniques have the potential to be particularly useful in describing surgical quality, where case volume is variable and outcomes tend to be dominated by statistical "noise." The established statistical technique used to adjust for differences in case volume is reliability-adjustment, which emphasizes statistical "signal" but has several limitations.