Internal or in-scan validation: a method to assess CBCT and MSCT gray scales using a human cadaver.

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and multislice computed tomography (MSCT) can be used to quantify tissue density and to determine if the Hounsfield unit scale is applicable.

Study Design: A clinical MSCT scanner and effective energy adjusted photon beam attenuation references were used to compare the gray scale of CBCT images of the mandible region. A phantom was scanned using axial cadaver slices and 4 different homogeneous reference objects.

The biomechanical aspects of reconstruction for segmental defects of the mandible: a finite element study to assess the optimisation of plate and screw factors.

A bone plate is required to restore the load-bearing capacity of the mandible following a segmental resection. A good understanding of the underlying principles is crucial for developing a reliable reconstruction. A finite element analysis (FEA) technique has been developed to study the biomechanics of the clinical scenarios managed after surgical resection of a tumour or severe trauma to assist in choosing the optimal hardware elements.

A finite element analysis of bone plates available for prophylactic internal fixation of the radial osteocutaneous donor site using the sheep tibia model.

Introduction: The strengthening effect of prophylactic internal fixation (PIF) with a bone plate at the radial osteocutaneous flap donor site has previously been demonstrated using the sheep tibia model of the human radius. This study investigated whether a finite element (FE) model could accurately represent this biomechanical model and whether stress or strain based failure criteria are most appropriate.

Methods: An FE model of an osteotomised sheep tibia bone was strengthened using 4 types of plates with unilocking or bicortical screw fixation.

How bilateral iliolumbar fusion increases the stability of horizontal osteosynthesis in unstable pelvic ring injuries?

Objective: In type C pelvic ring injuries, the operative stabilization of the posterior ring is absolutely indicated. There exist four different types of operative methods: iliosacral screw fixation, transsacral plate synthesis, ventral plate fixation (primarily for sacroiliac luxations), and local plate synthesis performed on the dorsal cortex of the sacrum. In our current article, we analyzed the stability of fixation methods used together with bilateral iliolumbar techniques.

Refinements in osteotomy design to improve structural integrity: a finite element analysis study.

Osteotomy cuts are typically made using a saw, and the meeting point acts as a focus for the concentration of stress and failure. We have studied the impact of different designs of osteotomy cut. Cadaver sheep tibias were scanned by computed tomography (CT) and transformed into a computer-aided design (CAD) model.