Emerging Signatures of Hematological Malignancies from Gene Expression and Transcription Factor-Gene Regulations.

Hematological malignancies are a diverse group of cancers developing in the peripheral blood, the bone marrow or the lymphatic system. Due to their heterogeneity, the identification of novel and advanced molecular signatures is essential for enhancing their characterization and facilitate its translation to new pharmaceutical solutions and eventually to clinical applications. In this study, we collected publicly available microarray data for more than five thousand subjects, across thirteen hematological malignancies.

Determination of additives as markers of microplastic contamination in the environment.

Microplastics are mostly inert particles and, therefore, may exhibit low toxicity, but adverse health effects may result from chemical additives commonly added to plastics. Plastic additives serve to make the material workable and thermodynamically stable as well as acting as softeners, fillers and colorants. They may include hazardous chemicals, such as organic phosphates, phthalates, terephthalates, adipates, benzoates, citrates, sebacates, trimellitates, etc.

Exploring the role of PARP1 inhibition in enhancing antibody-drug conjugate therapy for acute leukemias: insights from DNA damage response pathway interactions.

Background: The introduction of antibody-drug conjugates represents a significant advancement in targeted therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Our study aims to investigate the role of the DNA damage response pathway and the impact of PARP1 inhibition, utilizing talazoparib, on the response of AML and ALL cells to Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) and Inotuzumab ozogamicin (INO), respectively.

Methods: AML and ALL cells were treated with GO, INO and γ-calicheamicin in order to induce severe DNA damage and activate the G2/M cell-cycle checkpoint in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Radiofrequency ablation guided by real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is gaining ground in guiding electrophysiology (EP)-based ablation procedures of typical atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation, allowing for the avoidance of radiation exposure for patients and operators and reducing the risk of occupational illnesses. CMR allows comprehensive assessment of cardiac anatomy and provides tissue characterization by identifying pathological substrates, such as myocardial scars and edema, identified with the implementation of late gadolinium enhancement and T2-weighted short-tau inversion recovery sequences. Intraprocedural imaging is useful for real-time catheter tracking during the ablation procedure while simultaneously providing visualization of cardiac anatomy.

HyperChildNET COST Action CA19115: report of the task force.

Despite dramatic medical advances over the last few decades, cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death globally. High BP is clearly established, but modifiable, risk factor for early disability and death. Although most of the adverse outcomes occur in adulthood it has become clear that high BP is a life course problem that can become evident in early life however, relatively little attention has been paid to the problem of high BP in children and adolescents.

Adsorption Technology for PFAS Removal in Water: Comparison between Novel Carbonaceous Materials.

PFASs are a variety of ecologically persistent compounds of anthropogenic origin loosely included in many industrial products. In these, the carbon chain can be fully (perfluoroalkyl substances) or partially (polyfluoroalkyl substances) fluorinated. Their ubiquitous presence in many environmental compartments over the years and their long-lasting nature have given rise to concerns about the possible adverse effects of PFASs on ecosystems and human health.

Dual-layered micromesh stent technology for embolic prevention in carotid revascularization: technical experience and clinical outcomes from a high-volume interventional radiology center.

Background: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has become a cornerstone of carotid revascularization for stroke prevention. Despite the advantages of CAS, large-scale randomized trials involving prior (single-layer) first generation stents (FGS) demonstrated a higher risk of periprocedural cerebrovascular events compared to surgery. Dual-layer mesh-covered stents (DLSs) showed promising results in terms of 30-day embolic events in initial studies; larger-scale evidence is accumulating.

Plastic breath: Quantification of microplastics and polymer additives in airborne particles.

The widespread extensive use of synthetic polymers has led to a substantial environmental crisis caused by plastic pollution, with microplastics detected in various environments and posing risks to both human health and ecosystems. The possibility of plastic fragments to be dispersed in the air as particles and inhaled by humans may cause damage to the respiratory and other body systems. Therefore, there is a particular need to study microplastics as air pollutants.

Impact on the Transcriptome of Proton Beam Irradiation Targeted at Healthy Cardiac Tissue of Mice.

Proton beam therapy is considered a step forward with respect to electromagnetic radiation, thanks to the reduction in the dose delivered. Among unwanted effects to healthy tissue, cardiovascular complications are a known long-term radiotherapy complication. The transcriptional response of cardiac tissue from xenografted BALB/c nude mice obtained at 3 and 10 days after proton irradiation covering both the tumor region and the underlying healthy tissue was analyzed as a function of dose and time.

Kidney and urogenital abnormalities in Down syndrome: a meta-analysis.

Background: Reviews on Down syndrome do not or only marginally address the issue of kidney and urogenital tract abnormalities, and lower urinary tract dysfunctions. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis of the literature.  METHODS: A literature search was undertaken in the Library of Medicine, Web of Science and Excerpta Medica.

Evaluation of the Antifungal and Antiproliferative Properties of the Lichen DC. Extracts and Main Components.

In this work, phytochemical analysis on different extracts of DC. was reported using different techniques with respect to the past. Twenty volatile and three non-volatile compounds were identified, some of which were found in this species for the first time.

Studies of Potential Migration of Hazardous Chemicals from Sustainable Food Contact Materials.

In recent years, due to modern techniques for the distribution, transport, and retail sale of food, the production of large amounts of non-biodegradable and bioaccumulative packaging waste has become a major environmental issue. To address this issue, new food packaging materials based on renewable biomass have been studied as eco-friendly, biodegradable, and biocompatible alternatives to synthetic materials. However, although these materials are not petrochemical derivatives, the presence of contaminants cannot be excluded.

Fluids and body composition during anesthesia in children and adolescents: A pilot study.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the intracellular and extracellular volume before and after anesthesia in order to ascertain their variations and determine the potential utility of this information in optimizing intraoperative fluid administration practices. A bioimpedance spectroscopy device (body composition monitor, BCM) was used to measure total body fluid volume, extracellular volume, and intracellular volume. BCM measurements were performed before and after general anesthesia in unselected healthy children and adolescents visiting the Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland for low-risk surgical procedures hydrated with an isotonic solution.

ZEB1 shapes AML immunological niches, suppressing CD8 T cell activity while fostering Th17 cell expansion.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression is influenced by immune suppression induced by leukemia cells. ZEB1, a critical transcription factor in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, demonstrates immune regulatory functions in AML. Silencing ZEB1 in leukemic cells reduces engraftment and extramedullary disease in immune-competent mice, activating CD8 T lymphocytes and limiting Th17 cell expansion.

Increased breadth and neutralization of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants after infection and vaccination: A serosurveillance study in pediatric patients of Southern Switzerland.

Little information is available about the nature of the immune response in children after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or vaccination. The aim of this study is to define the seroprevalence and the features of the antibody response in children of Southern Switzerland during the different waves of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. By analyzing 756 sera collected from children aged 0 to 16 years admitted to the Institute of Pediatrics of Southern Switzerland during the prepandemic period (before March 2020) and the first four pandemic waves (between March 2020 and June 2022), we investigated binding titers, cross-reactivity, and neutralizing properties of the serum antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Targeting the Antifungal Activity of Carbon Dots against Candida albicans Biofilm Formation by Tailoring Their Surface Functional Groups.

Carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging class of carbon nanoparticles, which for their characteristics have found applications in many fields such as catalysis, materials and biomedicine. Within this context, the application of CDs as antibacterial agents has received much attention in very recent years, while their use as antifungal nanoparticles has been scarcely investigated. Here we report a systematic investigation of the surface functional groups of CDs to study their influence on these nanoparticles' against Candida albicans.

Biopolymer- and Natural Fiber-Based Biomimetic Tissues to Realize Smart Cosmeceuticals and Nutraceuticals Using an Innovative Approach.

More sustainable and smart cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals are necessary due to the ecological transition. In this study, a pullulan-based water solution containing chitin nanofibril-nano-lignin (CN-LG) complexes that encapsulate fish collagen polypeptide, allantoin and nicotinamide was electrospun onto a nonwoven substrate made of bamboo fibers to obtain a smart nanostructured bilayer system for releasing active molecules onto the skin or other body tissues. Infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the composition of the bilayer system before and after rapid washing of the sample with distilled water and liquids mimicking physiological fluids.

Synergistic Effect of Plant Compounds in Combination with Conventional Antimicrobials against Biofilm of , and spp.

Bacterial and fungal biofilm has increased antibiotic resistance and plays an essential role in many persistent diseases. Biofilm-associated chronic infections are difficult to treat and reduce the efficacy of medical devices. This global problem has prompted extensive research to find alternative strategies to fight microbial chronic infections.

Germline Variant in Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia: Linking Genetic Predisposition to Uncommon Hemorrhagic Symptoms.

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a hematological neoplasm characterized by monocytosis, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. Moreover, it is associated with mutations and, rarely, with variants. We present the case of an 84-year-old patient with persistent anemia and monocytosis.

Protective Effect of Procyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract against Gram-Negative Virulence Factors.

Biofilm formation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are implicated in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Grape seeds, wine industry by-products, have antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In the present study, the protective effect of procyanidin-rich grape seed extract (prGSE), from unfermented pomace of L.