Multioxide combinatorial libraries: fusing synthetic approaches and additive technologies for highly orthogonal electronic noses.

This study evaluates the performance advancement of electronic noses, on-chip engineered multisensor systems, exploiting a combinatorial approach. We analyze a spectrum of metal oxide semiconductor materials produced by individual methods of liquid-phase synthesis and a combination of chemical deposition and sol-gel methods with hydrothermal treatment. These methods are demonstrated to enable obtaining a fairly wide range of nanomaterials that differ significantly in chemical composition, crystal structure, and morphological features.

[Influence of lactoferrin and enzymatiс hydrolysates of cow's and mare's milk proteins on anaphylactic sensitivity and cytokine profile of rats].

The development of innovative ingredients of specialized formula for children with intolerance to cow's milk proteins requires accounting the influence of the protein component on the allergic sensitivity. of the research was to study the effect of lactoferrin (LF) from cow colostrum, cow's milk protein hydrolysate (CMPH) and mare's milk protein hydrolysate (MMPH) on the severity of the systemic anaphylaxis reaction, the levels of specific IgG antibodies and cytokines in rats parenterally sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA). .

Problems of human spermatozoa cryopreservation: research methods, solutions.

Cryopreservation of male gametes is one of the most important methods of assisted reproductive technologies, which allows preserving gametes for research or further use. However, the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa after cryopreservation decreases by 30-70%, which makes it urgent to search for new substances with cryoprotective properties. The review considers the main causes of cell damage during cryopreservation.

Current Trends and Promising Electrode Materials in Micro-Supercapacitor Printing.

The development of scientific and technological foundations for the creation of high-performance energy storage devices is becoming increasingly important due to the rapid development of microelectronics, including flexible and wearable microelectronics. Supercapacitors are indispensable devices for the power supply of systems requiring high power, high charging-discharging rates, cyclic stability, and long service life and a wide range of operating temperatures (from -40 to 70 °C). The use of printing technologies gives an opportunity to move the production of such devices to a new level due to the possibility of the automated formation of micro-supercapacitors (including flexible, stretchable, wearable) with the required type of geometric implementation, to reduce time and labour costs for their creation, and to expand the prospects of their commercialization and widespread use.

Oxidation of Ceramic Materials Based on HfB-SiC under the Influence of Supersonic CO Jets and Additional Laser Heating.

The features of oxidation of ultra-high-temperature ceramic material HfB-30 vol.%SiC modified with 1 vol.% graphene as a result of supersonic flow of dissociated CO (generated with the use of high-frequency induction plasmatron), as well as under the influence of combined heating by high-speed CO jets and ytterbium laser radiation, were studied for the first time.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of a Cellular NiO Film on Carbon Paper as a Promising Way to Obtain a Hierarchically Organized Electrode for a Flexible Supercapacitor.

The formation of a cellular hierarchically organized NiO film on a carbon paper substrate under hydrothermal conditions using triethanolamine as a base has been studied. The thermal behavior of the carbon paper substrate with the applied semi-product shell was studied using synchronous thermal analysis (TGA/DSC) and it was demonstrated that such modification of the material surface leads to a noticeable increase in its thermal stability. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was shown that the NiO film grown on the carbon fiber surface is characterized by a complex cellular morphology, organized by partially layered individual nanosheets of about 4-5 nm thickness and lateral dimensions up to 1-2 μm, some edges and folds of which are located vertically relative to the carbon fiber surface.

Low Temperature Chemoresistive Oxygen Sensors Based on Titanium-Containing TiCT and TiCT MXenes.

The chemoresistive properties of multilayer titanium-containing TiCT and TiCT MXenes, synthesized by etching the corresponding MAX phases with NaF solution in hydrochloric acid, and the composites based on them, obtained by partial oxidation directly in a sensor cell in an air flow at 150 °C, were studied. Significant differences were observed for the initial MXenes, both in microstructure and in the composition of surface functional groups, as well as in gas sensitivity. For single TiCT and TiCT MXenes, significant responses to oxygen and ammonia were observed.

Gas-Sensitive Properties of ZnO/TiCT Nanocomposites.

At present, a new class of 2D nanomaterials, MXenes, is of great scientific and applied interest, and their application prospects are very broad, including as effective doping components for receptor materials of MOS sensors. In this work we have studied the influence on the gas-sensitive properties of nanocrystalline zinc oxide synthesized by atmospheric pressure solvothermal synthesis, with the addition of 1-5% of multilayer two-dimensional titanium carbide TiCT, obtained by etching TiAlC with NaF solution in hydrochloric acid. It was found that all the obtained materials have high sensitivity and selectivity with respect to 4-20 ppm NO at a detection temperature of 200 °C.

Microplotter Printing of a Miniature Flexible Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Hierarchically Organized NiCoO Nanostructures.

The hydrothermal synthesis of a nanosized NiCoO oxide with several levels of hierarchical self-organization was studied. Using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, it was determined that under the selected synthesis conditions, a nickel-cobalt carbonate hydroxide hydrate of the composition M(CO)(OH)·0.11HO (where M-Ni and Co) is formed as a semi-product.

Obtaining of ZnO/FeO Thin Nanostructured Films by AACVD for Detection of ppb-Concentrations of NO as a Biomarker of Lung Infections.

ZnO/FeO nanocomposites with different concentration and thickness of the FeO layer were obtained by two-stage aerosol vapor deposition (AACVD). It was shown that the ZnO particles have a wurtzite structure with an average size of 51-66 nm, and the iron oxide particles on the ZnO surface have a hematite structure and an average size of 23-28 nm. According to EDX data, the iron content in the films was found to be 1.

Paper-Based Humidity Sensors as Promising Flexible Devices, State of the Art, Part 2: Humidity-Sensor Performances.

This review article covers all types of paper-based humidity sensor, such as capacitive, resistive, impedance, fiber-optic, mass-sensitive, microwave, and RFID (radio-frequency identification) humidity sensors. The parameters of these sensors and the materials involved in their research and development, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, semiconductors, and polymers, are comprehensively detailed, with a special focus on the advantages/disadvantages from an application perspective. Numerous technological/design approaches to the optimization of the performances of the sensors are considered, along with some non-conventional approaches.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nickel Oxide and Its Application in the Additive Manufacturing of Planar Nanostructures.

The hydrothermal synthesis of nickel oxide in the presence of triethanolamine was studied. Furthermore, the relationship between the synthesis conditions, thermal behavior, crystal structure features, phase composition and microstructure of semi-products, and the target oxide nanopowders was established. The thermal behavior of the semi-products was studied using a simultaneous thermal analysis (in particular, using one that involved thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, TGA/DSC).

Application of Titanium Carbide MXenes in Chemiresistive Gas Sensors.

The titanium carbide MXenes currently attract an extreme amount of interest from the material science community due to their promising functional properties arising from the two-dimensionality of these layered structures. In particular, the interaction between MXene and gaseous molecules, even at the physisorption level, yields a substantial shift in electrical parameters, which makes it possible to design gas sensors working at RT as a prerequisite to low-powered detection units. Herein, we consider to review such sensors, primarily based on TiCT and TiCT crystals as the most studied ones to date, delivering a chemiresistive type of signal.

Microextrusion Printing of Multilayer Hierarchically Organized Planar Nanostructures Based on NiO, (CeO)(SmO) and LaSrCoFeO.

In this paper, NiO, LaSrCoFeO (LSCF) and (CeO)(SmO) (SDC) nanopowders with different microstructures were obtained using hydrothermal and glycol-citrate methods. The microstructural features of the powders were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained oxide powders were used to form functional inks for the sequential microextrusion printing of NiO-SDC, SDC and LSCF-SDC coatings with resulting three-layer structures of (NiO-SDC)/SDC/(LSCF-SDC) composition.

[Molecular basis of biological activity of polysaccharides in COVID-19 associated conditions].

The review considers the main molecular biological features of the COVID-19 causative agent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus: life cycle, viral cell penetration strategies, interactions of viral proteins with human proteins, cytopathic effects. We also analyze pathological conditions that occur both during the course of the COVID-19 disease and after virus elimination. A brief review of the biological activities of polysaccharides isolated from various sources is given, and possible molecular biological mechanisms of these activities are considered.

Atmospheric Pressure Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanoscale SnO and Its Application in Microextrusion Printing of a Thick-Film Chemosensor Material for Effective Ethanol Detection.

The atmospheric pressure solvothermal (APS) synthesis of nanocrystalline SnO (average size of coherent scattering regions (CSR)-7.5 ± 0.6 nm) using tin acetylacetonate as a precursor was studied.

Synthesis of ((CeO)(SmO))@NiO Core-Shell Type Nanostructures and Microextrusion Printing of a Composite Anode Based on Them.

The process of the hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchically organized nanomaterials with the core-shell structure with the composition ((CeO)(SmO))@NiO was studied, and the prospects for their application in the formation of planar composite structures using microextrusion printing were shown. The hydrothermal synthesis conditions of the (CeO)(SmO) nanospheres were determined, and the approach to their surface modification by growing the NiO shell with the formation of core-shell structures equally distributed between the larger nickel(II) oxide nanosheets was developed. The resulting nanopowder was used as a functional ink component in the microextrusion printing of the corresponding composite coating.

Investigation of the Effect of Supersonic Flow of Dissociated Nitrogen on ZrB-HfB-SiC Ceramics Doped with 10 vol.% Carbon Nanotubes.

The method of fabricating dense ultra-high temperature ceramic materials ZrB2−HfB2−SiC−CCNT was developed using a combination of sol-gel synthesis and reaction hot pressing approaches at 1800 °C. It was found that the introduction of multilayer nanotubes (10 vol.%) led to an increase in the consolidation efficiency of ceramics (at temperatures > 1600 °C).

Microextrusion Printing of Hierarchically Structured Thick VO Film with Independent from Humidity Sensing Response to Benzene.

The process of VO oxide by the combination of sol-gel technique and hydrothermal treatment using heteroligand [VO(CHO)(CHO)] precursor was studied. Using thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and infra-red spectroscopy (IR), it was found that the resulting product was VO(B), which after calcining at 300 °C (1 h), oxidized to orthorhombic VO. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results for VO powder showed that it consisted of nanosheets (~50 nm long and ~10 nm thick) assembled in slightly spherical hierarchic structures (diameter ~200 nm).

Printing Technologies as an Emerging Approach in Gas Sensors: Survey of Literature.

Herein, we review printing technologies which are commonly approbated at recent time in the course of fabricating gas sensors and multisensor arrays, mainly of chemiresistive type. The most important characteristics of the receptor materials, which need to be addressed in order to achieve a high efficiency of chemisensor devices, are considered. The printing technologies are comparatively analyzed with regard to, (i) the rheological properties of the employed inks representing both reagent solutions or organometallic precursors and disperse systems, (ii) the printing speed and resolution, and (iii) the thickness of the formed coatings to highlight benefits and drawbacks of the methods.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ag Thin Films and Their SERS Application.

In this article, a facile, one-step method for the formation of silver thin-film nanostructures on the surface of AlO substrates using the hydrothermal method is proposed. The dependence of the SERS effect intensity of the formed films during the detection of methylene blue (MB) low concentrations on the synthesis conditions, additional temperature treatment, and laser radiation wavelength (532 and 780 nm) in comparison with similar dye films on commercial SERS substrates is shown. The detection limit of the analyte used for the indicated lasers is estimated.

[Development of fermented milk product based on mare milk and lactic microorganisms association].

Since ancient times, mare's milk has been widely used by many peoples. Thanks to its unique composition, it is now used in the nutrition of people with allergies to cow's milk, in the technologies of foods for special dietary uses, etc. To expand the range of products with useful properties, it is advisable to develop fermented milk products based on mare's milk.

Occurrence of Calcium Oscillations in Human Spermatozoa Is Based on Spatial Signaling Enzymes Distribution.

In human spermatozoa, calcium dynamics control most of fertilization events. Progesterone, present in the female reproductive system, can trigger several types of calcium responses, such as low-frequency oscillations. Here we aimed to identify the mechanisms of progesterone-induced calcium signaling in human spermatozoa.

Vaporization and thermodynamics of the Cs O-MoO system studied using high-temperature mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Cesium and molybdenum are fission products of uranium dioxide fuel in nuclear reactors, which interact with each other depending on the oxygen potential of the fuel. This leads to formation of various compounds of the Cs O-MoO system, which are exposed to high temperatures during operation of a reactor or a severe accident at a nuclear power plant. This is why the study of the vaporization and thermodynamics of compounds in the Cs O-MoO system is important.

High-temperature mass spectrometric study of vaporization and thermodynamics of the Cs O-B O system: Review and experimental investigation.

Rationale: The compounds in the Cs O-B O system are of particular interest for nuclear applications since cesium borates may be formed during accidents in nuclear reactors, affecting the rate of release of radiotoxic isotopes into the environment. Thus, information on the vaporization and thermodynamic properties of cesium borates is necessary for simulation and modeling of the isotope release processes taking place during the nuclear reactor accidents.

Methods: Compounds in the Cs O-B O system were synthesized by the co-crystallization method with subsequent sintering.