Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria.

Thermal and chemical disinfection of technical water systems not only aim at minimizing the level of undesired microorganisms, but also at preventing excessive biofouling, clogging and interference with diverse technical processes. Typically, treatment has to be repeated in certain time intervals, as the duration of the effect is limited. The transient effect of disinfection was demonstrated in this study applying different treatments to water and biofilms including heat, chlorination, a combination of hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid and monochloramine.

CNS germinomas are characterized by global demethylation, chromosomal instability and mutational activation of the Kit-, Ras/Raf/Erk- and Akt-pathways.

CNS germinomas represent a unique germ cell tumor entity characterized by undifferentiated tumor cells and a high response rate to current treatment protocols. Limited information is available on their underlying genomic, epigenetic and biological alterations. We performed a genome-wide analysis of genomic copy number alterations in 49 CNS germinomas by molecular inversion profiling.

Biofilm growth in response to various concentrations of biodegradable material in drinking water.

Biological stability is one of the most important aspects of safe drinking water. It depends crucially on the availability of biodegradable organic carbon (BDOC). Measurement of BDOC is time-consuming and only performed if an increase is suspected.

Dopexamine reverses the vasopressin-associated impairment in tissue oxygen supply but decreases systemic blood pressure in ovine endotoxemia.

Since arginine vasopressin (AVP) may reduce cardiac output and, in proportion, oxygen delivery, we studied the efficacy of dopexamine (DPX) as an adjunct to AVP infusion. After 1 h of continuous AVP infusion (0.04 U/min) in healthy sheep (n = 7), DPX was additionally administered in incremental doses (1, 5, and 10 microg.