In situ characterization of the granulomatous immune response with time in nonhealing lesional skin of Leishmania braziliensis-infected rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).

We have recently introduced a macaque (Macaca mulatta) model of Leishmania braziliensis-induced self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis in which the T cell-mediated inflammatory response effectively promotes parasite clearance and granuloma resolution. Here we show that macaques infected with a highly pathogenic L. braziliensis strain displayed longstanding granulomatous lesions which lasted until the end of the observation period (52 weeks).