Antifungal activity of azoles, allylamines, and 8-hidroxiquinolines, alone and in combination, against Malassezia pachydermatis in vitro and in vivo.

Malassezia pachydermatis is often reported as the causative agent of dermatitis in dogs. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of azoles and terbinafine (TRB), alone and in combination with the 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives (8-HQs) clioquinol (CQL), 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-(n-4-chlorophenyl)sulfonamide (PH151), and 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-(n-4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonamide (PH153), against 16 M. pachydermatis isolates.

Drosophila melanogaster as a model of systemic dermatophytosis.

Background: Dermatophytosis is one of the most common fungal infections worldwide. The distribution of dermatophytes varies across continents, but the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum have emerged as the main isolated agents in humans and animals.

Objectives: To validate Drosophila melanogaster flies as a fast and feasible model to study dermatophytic infections.

Clioquinol and 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonamide derivatives damage the cell wall of Pythium insidiosum.

Aims: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity and to determine the pharmacodynamic characteristics of three 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives (8-HQs) against Pythium insidiosum, the causative agent of pythiosis.

Methods And Results: Antimicrobial activity was tested by broth microdilution and MTT assays. The antimicrobial mode of action was investigated using sorbitol protection assay, ergosterol binding assay, and scanning electron microscopy.

In vitro pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling and efficacy against systemic candidiasis in Drosophila melanogaster of a bisaryloxypropanamine derivative.

The number of deaths due to systemic fungal infections is increasing alarmingly, which is aggravated by the limitations of traditional treatments and multidrug resistance. Therefore, the research and development of new therapeutic options against pathogenic fungi is an urgent need. To evaluate the fungicidal activity of a synthetic compound, 1,3-bis-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-aminium chloride (2j), through time-kill studies and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) modeling.

Oral clioquinol is effective in the treatment of a fly model of Candida systemic infection.

Background: Clioquinol was used in the 1950s-1970s as antimicrobial but its oral formulations were withdrawn from the market due to suspected neurotoxicity. Currently, there is possibility of repositioning of oral clioquinol formulations.

Objectives: To evaluate the antifungal activity and toxicological parameters of clioquinol and the other two 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives using alternative animal models and to study the interaction dynamic of clioquinol with Candida albicans.

Drosophila melanogaster as a model for the study of Malassezia pachydermatis infections.

Malassezia pachydermatis is a yeast that is commonly found in the skin of most animals. Changes in the physical, chemical or immunological processes of the skin may render the host more susceptible to the yeast, which then may cause otitis, dermatitis or, less often, systemic infection. We tested the pathogenicity of M.