Forgetting Rates on the Recency Portion of a Word List Predict Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease.

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment has a greater risk of progressing to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Consistent with AD patients' distinctive deficit in consolidating new memory traces, in a recent study we demonstrated that the forgetting rate on the recency portion of a word list differentiates AD from other forms of dementia. In line with this finding, the aim of this study was to investigate whether increased recency forgetting could be a reliable index for predicting amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients' conversion to AD.

Profiling of Protein Degraders in Cultures of Human Gut Microbiota.

Unabsorbed proteins reach the colon and are fermented by the microbiota, yielding a variety of harmful metabolites. In the present study, a 16S rRNA gene survey identified the bacterial taxa flourishing in 11 batch fermentations with proteins and peptones as the sole fermentable substrates, inoculated with the feces of six healthy adults. Organic acids, ammonia, and indole resulting from protein breakdown and fermentation accumulated in all of the cultures.

Associations between cognitive impairment at onset and disability accrual in young people with multiple sclerosis.

Differently from the adult multiple sclerosis (MS) population, the predictive value of cognitive impairment in early-onset MS is still unknown. We aim to evaluate whether cognitive performances at disease onset predict disease progression in young people with MS. This is a retrospective study on early onset (<25 years) MS patients, who had a baseline cognitive evaluation at disease onset.

Comparative Experimental and Theoretical Study of the C and O K-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy in Three Highly Popular, Low Spin Organoiron Complexes: [Fe(CO)], [(η-CH)Fe(CO)(μ-CO)], and [(η-CH)Fe].

The unoccupied electronic structures of three closed-shell, highly popular organoiron complexes ([Fe(CO)], [(η-CH)Fe(CO)(μ-CO)], and [(η-CH)Fe]; , , and , respectively) have been investigated both experimentally and theoretically by combining original gas-phase X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) outcomes recorded at the C and O K-edge with results of scalar relativistic time-dependent density functional calculations carried out within the zeroth order regular approximation. Experimental evidence herein discussed complement the Fe L-edges XAS ones we recently recorded, modeled, and assigned for the same complexes (Carlotto et al. 2019, 58, 5844).

Short-term outcome of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy used as treatment of colo-rectal carcinomatosis: a multicentric study.

The aim of this study is to assess the morbidity and mortality related to cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in patients with colo-rectal carcinomatosis. A retrospective multi-institutional study from seven Italian Centers was performed. One hundred and seventy-two patients, submitted to cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to treat carcinomatosis of colorectal origin, were recorded.

Correction to: Aging with multiple sclerosis: prevalence and profile of cognitive impairment.

The above article was published online with an error in author name's affiliation. The Author Claudia Niccolai has changed her affiliation to IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy.

Incontinentia Pigmenti Associated with Aplasia Cutis Congenita in a Newborn Male with Klinefelter Syndrome: Is the Severity of Neurological Involvement Linked to Skin Manifestations?

We report a rare case of a newborn male affected by incontinentia pigmenti, Klinefelter syndrome, and aplasia cutis congenita, who developed severe cutaneous, neurological, and ophthalmological manifestations. Genetic analysis showed the presence of the common mutation of NEMO (exon 4-10 deletion), Klinefelter syndrome karyotype (47 XXY), and random X inactivation. This is in accordance with the severity of involvement of the affected tissues (skin, central nervous system, and retina).

Synergism of Adipocytokine Profile and Polymorphisms in NAFLD-associated MetS Predict Colorectal Liver Metastases Outgrowth.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the altered profile of adipocytokine and genetic fingerprint in NAFLD-associated metabolic syndrome "cluster" represents synergistic risk factors predicting onset of liver colorectal cancer metastases.

Materials And Methods: A total of 165 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled, 56,3% were with metabolic syndrome/NAFLD. Serum samples were assayed for ADIPOQ, leptin and TNF-a levels by ELISA.

Integrated Analysis of microRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles: An Attempt to Disentangle the Complex Interaction Network in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, whose etiology and pathogenesis are still largely unknown. In order to uncover novel regulatory networks and molecular pathways possibly related to ADHD, we performed an integrated miRNA and mRNA expression profiling analysis in peripheral blood samples of children with ADHD and age-matched typically developing (TD) children. The expression levels of 13 miRNAs were evaluated with microfluidic qPCR, and differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs were detected on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 genome analyzer.

In vitro functional characterization of splicing variants of the APOB gene found in familial hypobetalipoproteinemia.

Background: Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia type 1 (FHBL-1) is a codominant disorder characterized by greatly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B. Rare exonic pathogenic variants of APOB gene (nonsense variants, minute deletions/insertions and nonsynonymous variants) have been frequently reported in subjects with FHBL-1. Also, rare intronic variants of APOB located at intron/exon junctions and assumed to affect splicing have been reported.

Precision oncotherapy based on liquid biopsies in multidisciplinary treatment of unresectable recurrent rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Third line innovative systemic treatments and loco-regional chemotherapy by hypoxic pelvic perfusion (HPP) have both been proposed for the treatment of unresectable not responsive recurrent rectal cancer (URRC). In the present study, we have compared the safety and efficacy of HPP/target therapy, using drug regimens selected by liquid biopsy precision oncotherapy, to third-line systemic therapy based on tissue specimens precision oncotherapy.

Methods: HPP/target therapy regimens were selected based on precision oncotherapy, including assays for chemosensitivity and viability, and qRT-PCR for tumor-related gene expression.

Human Cortical Organoids Expose a Differential Function of GSK3 on Cortical Neurogenesis.

The regulation of the proliferation and polarity of neural progenitors is crucial for the development of the brain cortex. Animal studies have implicated glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) as a pivotal regulator of both proliferation and polarity, yet the functional relevance of its signaling for the unique features of human corticogenesis remains to be elucidated. We harnessed human cortical brain organoids to probe the longitudinal impact of GSK3 inhibition through multiple developmental stages.

Correlation effects in B1s core-excited states of boronic-acid derivatives: An experimental and computational study.

We performed a theoretical investigation on the influence of electronic correlation effects on the B1s NEXAFS spectrum of boronic acid derivatives, namely, boric acid [B(OH)], phenyl boronic acid (PBA), and 1,4-phenyl diboronic acid (PDBA), employing different computational schemes of increasing complexity, ranging from the purely one-electron scheme based on the transition potential method of density functional theory (DFT-TP), time-dependent DFT (TDDFT), and multiconfigurational self-consistent field (MCSCF). We also report experimental measurements of the B1s NEXAFS spectra of the aforementioned molecules together with the high-resolution C1s NEXAFS spectrum of PBA. We demonstrate that due to the shallow B1s core energy levels compared to C, O, and N, the inclusion of static correlation effects, which can be incorporated by using multireference approaches to excited states, assumes a decisive role in reconciling experiment and theory on B1s core-electron excitation energies and oscillator strengths to valence states.

p63 is a cereblon substrate involved in thalidomide teratogenicity.

Cereblon (CRBN) is a primary target of thalidomide and mediates its multiple pharmacological activities, including teratogenic and antimyeloma activities. CRBN functions as a substrate receptor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4, whose substrate specificity is modulated by thalidomide and its analogs. Although a number of CRL4 substrates have recently been identified, the substrate involved in thalidomide teratogenicity is unclear.

Theory meets experiment for unravelling the C1s X-ray photoelectron spectra of pyridine, 2-fluoropyridine, and 2,6-difluoropyridine.

High resolution X-ray photoelectron spectra of a series of substituted pyridines (pyridine, 2-fluoropyridine, and 2,6-difluoropyridine) have been recorded and rationalized by means of a quantum mechanical approach based on the density functional theory including vibronic effects at the Franck-Condon level. The significant chemical shifts of the C1s binding energies induced by fluorine atoms are reproduced quantitatively by our computational model, as well as the vibrational fine structure and the band shapes. Nonsymmetric normal modes play an important role due to the core-hole localization in the presence of equivalent carbon atoms in pyridine and 2,6-difluoropyridine.

Lost or unavailable? Exploring mechanisms that affect retrograde memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease patients.

Retrograde amnesia has been largely documented in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is still not clear whether ineffectiveness in recalling past acquired information reflects loss of individual memory traces or failure to access specific stored traces. We aimed to disentangle the differential contribution of storage and retrieval processes to the pattern of retrograde amnesia in these patients.

Developmental Outcomes of Aicardi Goutières Syndrome.

Aicardi Goutières syndrome is a monogenic interferonopathy caused by abnormalities in the intracellular nucleic acid sensing machinery (, , , , , , or ). Most individuals affected by Aicardi Goutières syndrome exhibit some degree of neurologic impairment, from spastic paraparesis with relatively preserved cognition to tetraparesis and severe intellectual disability. Because of this heterogeneity, it is important to fully characterize the developmental trajectory in Aicardi Goutières syndrome.

Cytotoxic effects of 4'-hydroxychalcone on human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y).

Neuroblastoma is an aggressive form of cancer with high mortality. Hydroxychalcones have received considerable attention because of their cytotoxic activities on cancer cells. However, the effect of the 4'-hydroxychalcone on neuroblastoma cells is unknown.

The electronically excited states of cyclooctatetraene-An analysis of the vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectrum by ab initio configuration interaction methods.

A new synchrotron-based study of the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) absorption spectrum for cyclooctatetraene (COT) shows a series of broad peaks. A significant sharp structure was extracted from the strongest band between 5.9 and 6.

Left colonic metastasis from primary hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 5-6% of all human cancers. Considering the extrahepatic metastasis, the main organs involved are lymphnodes, lung, bone and adrenal gland. Usually colon metastasis is very rare, especially on the left sided colon.

Electronic structure modifications induced by increased molecular complexity: from triphenylamine to m-MTDATA.

The starburst π-conjugated molecule 4,4',4''-tris(N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenyl-amino)triphenylamine (C57H48N4, m-MTDATA), based on triphenylamine (TPA) building blocks, is widely used in optoelectronic devices due to its good electron-donor characteristics. The electronic structure of m-MTDATA was investigated for the first time in the gas phase by means of PhotoElectron Spectroscopy (PES) and Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The combination of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with the experimental spectra provides a comprehensive description of the molecular electronic structure.

Longitudinal Survey of Fungi in the Human Gut: ITS Profiling, Phenotyping, and Colonization.

The fungal component of the intestinal microbiota of eight healthy subjects was studied over 12 months using metagenome survey and culture-based approaches. , , , , , , and were the most recurrent and/or dominant fungal genera, according to metagenomic analysis. The biodiversity of fungal communities was lower and characterized by greater unevenness, when compared to bacterial microbiome.

A Warburg effect targeting vector designed to increase the uptake of compounds by cancer cells demonstrates glucose and hypoxia dependent uptake.

Glycoconjugation to target the Warburg effect provides the potential to enhance selective uptake of anticancer or imaging agents by cancer cells. A Warburg effect targeting group, rationally designed to facilitate uptake by glucose transporters and promote cellular accumulation due to phosphorylation by hexokinase (HK), has been synthesised. This targeting group, the C2 modified glucose analogue 2-(2-[2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy)-D-glucose, has been conjugated to the fluorophore nitrobenzoxadiazole to evaluate its effect on uptake and accumulation in cancer cells.

Exploring the Use of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (Caelyx) as Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a common metastatic pattern in ovarian, gastric, colorectal, and appendiceal cancer; systemic chemotherapy is the current standard of care for peritoneal metastatic disease; however, in a subset of patients its beneficial effect remains questionable. More effective perioperative chemotherapy is needed. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a new treatment that applies chemotherapeutic drugs into the peritoneal cavity as an aerosol under pressure.