Optical Designs with Curved Detectors for Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation Monitors.

In this paper, we evaluate the application of curved detectors and freeform optics technologies for fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) interrogation monitors design. It is shown that, in a high-dispersion spectrograph scheme, the camera part operates in special conditions, which result in a field curvature change. This field curvature can be compensated by the use of a curved detector.

Off-axis parabolas super polished under stress: the case of the Roman Space Telescope coronagraphic instrument mirrors.

Direct imaging of exoplanets requires high contrast imaging techniques that demand tight tolerances on the optical surface error. The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (RST) (previously named WFIRST) aims to perform direct imaging of SuperEarth-like exoplanets through its active coronographic instrument (CGI). Eight off-axis parabola (OAP) mirrors are utilised within the CGI to create a compact instrument and to ensure access to the pupil and focal planes.

A nationwide web-based survey of a sample of Italian community pharmacists' perceptions and opinions about online sales of medicines and falsified drugs.

Background: Throughout Europe, legal online pharmacies increasingly sell online drugs as well as other products such as dietary supplements. Online sale of pharmaceuticals however is closely connected to the phenomenon of drug falsification.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the opinions of a sample of Italian community pharmacists towards the sale of pharmaceuticals on the web, as well as their knowledge and experience with falsified drugs.

Curved detectors for astronomical applications: characterization results on different samples.

Due to the increasing dimension, complexity, and cost of future astronomical surveys, new technologies enabling more compact and simpler systems are required. The development of curved detectors allows enhancement of the performances of the optical system used (telescope or astronomical instrument), while keeping the system more compact. We describe here a set of five curved complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detectors developed within a collaboration between CEA-LETI and CNRS-LAM.

Methodology to design optical systems with curved sensors.

Curved sensors are a suitable technological solution to enhance the vast majority of optical systems. In this work, we show the entire process to create curved sensor-based optical systems and the possibilities they offer. This paper defines the boundaries of the reachable curvatures for a full range of monolithic sensors.

Design of optical systems with toroidal curved detectors.

We consider using toroidal curved detectors to improve the performance of imaging optical systems. We demonstrate that some optical systems have an anamorphic field curvature. We consider an unobscured reimaging three-mirror anastigmat as an example (f=960  mm, F/5.

Fast, wide-field and distortion-free telescope with curved detectors for surveys at ultralow surface brightness.

We present the design of an all-reflective, bifolded Schmidt telescope aimed at surveys of extended astronomical objects with extremely low surface brightness. The design leads to a high image quality without any diffracting spider, a large aperture and field of view (FoV), and a small central obstruction that barely alters the point spread function (PSF). As an example, we design a high-quality, 36 cm diameter, fast (f/2.

Internet Use for Searching Information on Medicines and Disease: A Community Pharmacy-Based Survey Among Adult Pharmacy Customers.

Background: The Internet is increasingly used as a source of health-related information, and a vast majority of Internet users are performing health-related searches in the United States and Europe, with wide differences among countries. Health information searching behavior on the Internet is affected by multiple factors, including demographics, socioeconomic factors, education, employment, attitudes toward the Internet, and health conditions, and their knowledge may help to promote a safer use of the Internet. Limited information however exists so far about Internet use to search for medical information in Italy.