PLAN-Dementia literacy education and navigation for Korean elders with probable dementia and their caregivers: Rationale, methods, and design of a community-based, randomized, controlled, multi-site clinical trial.

Background: Linkage to medical services is key to early detection, diagnosis, and care for dementia. Yet, racial and ethnic minoritized older adults and their caregivers are particularly vulnerable to inequity in dementia care due to limited dementia literacy. Mobilizing community resources such as community health workers (CHWs) can benefit older patients and their caregivers who are challenged by linguistic barriers and low health literacy.

Chinese American Pain Experience Project (CAPE): Perceptions, Expectations, and Attitudes on Pain Management among Chinese American Postoperative Patients.

Introduction: Chinese Americans are one of the fastest growing racial and ethnic groups and represent the largest subgroup of the Asian American population in the US and in New York City (NYC) where they number 573,528 in 2021. Despite their numbers, current pain perceptions, expectations, and attitudes of Chinese Americans remains poorly understood, especially as related to postoperative pain.

Objective: A better understanding of pain experience among Chinese American patients is needed to inform strategies on improving pain management satisfaction.

Cancer Screening, Knowledge, and Fatalism among Chinese, Korean, and South Asian Residents of New York City.

Background: Asian New York City residents have the lowest cancer screening uptake across race and ethnicity. Few studies have examined screening differences across Asian ethnic subgroups in New York City.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey data were analyzed using multivariable logistic and multinomial regression analyses.

Looking Across and Within: Immigration as a Unifying Structural Factor Impacting Cardiometabolic Health and Diet.

Introduction: Immigration has been identified as an important social determinant of health (SDH), embodying structures and policies that reinforce positions of poverty, stress, and limited social and economic mobility. In the public health literature with regard to diet, immigration is often characterized as an individual-level process (dietary acculturation) and is largely examined in one racial/ethnic subgroup at a time. For this narrative review, we aim to broaden the research discussion by describing SDH common to the immigrant experience and that may serve as barriers to healthy diets.

Urgent need for substance use disorder research among understudied populations: examining the Asian-American experience.

Substance use disorder (SUD) among Asian Americans is understudied. Our review of National Institutes of Health-funded projects reveals a striking underrepresentation of research focused on SUD in this population, possibly perpetuated by the pervasive societal myth that Asian Americans are a healthy community. Moreover, the limited availability and disaggregation of data on SUD among Asian Americans further hinder our understanding of prevalence rates, treatment utilization, and associated disparities-thereby limiting opportunities for prevention and intervention.

Bone Density Screening Rates Among Medicare Beneficiaries: An Analysis with a focus on Asian Americans.

Purpose: To report osteoporosis screening utilization rates among Asian American (AsA) populations in the USA.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed the use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) screening using the Medicare 5% Research Identifiable Files. Using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes indicative of a DXA scan, we identified patients recommended for DXA screening according to the ACR-SPR-SSR Practice Parameters (females ≥ 65 years, males ≥ 70 years).

Guideline concordant care for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer by disaggregated Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander groups: A National Cancer Database Analysis.

Objective: Despite the within-group heterogeneity, Asian American (AA) and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NH/PI) patients are often grouped together. We compared the patterns of guideline-concordant care for locally advanced cervical cancer for disaggregated AA and NH/PI patients.

Methods: Patients with stage II-IVA cervical cancer between 2004 and 2020 were identified from the National Cancer Database.

Reallocating time between device-measured 24-hour activities and cardiovascular risk in Asian American immigrant women: An isotemporal substitution model.

The 24-hour day consists of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep, and changing the time spent on one activity affects the others. Little is known about the impact of such changes on cardiovascular risk, particularly in Asian American immigrant (AAI) women, who not only have a higher cardiovascular risk but also place greater cultural value on family and domestic responsibilities compared to other racial/ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of reallocating 30 minutes of each 24-hour activity component for another on BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure in AAI women.

Predictors of Colonoscopy Use Among Asian Indians in New York City, 2003 to 2016.

Background: Asian Americans have the lowest colorectal cancer screening uptake of any racial and ethnic group in the United States. Asian Indians are among the most under-screened Asian American subgroups, but there is limited data for this population. We sought to characterize predictors of colonoscopy use among Asian Indians in New York City.

Identifying opportunities for collective action around community nutrition programming through participatory systems science.

Purpose: To apply principles of group model building (GMB), a participatory systems science approach, to identify barriers and opportunities for collective impact around nutrition programming to reduce cancer risk for immigrant communities in an urban environment.

Methods: We convened four in-person workshops applying GMB with nine community partners to generate causal loop diagrams (CLDs)-a visual representation of hypothesized causal relationships between variables and feedback structures within a system. GMB workshops prompted participants to collaboratively identify programmatic goals and challenges related to (1) community gardening, (2) nutrition education, (3) food assistance programs, and (4) community-supported agriculture.

Meaningful Community-Engaged Partnerships: Lessons Learned from Implementing a Community Health Needs Survey among Asian American and Pacific Islander Subgroups.

Background: Community-based needs assessments are instrumental to address gaps in data collection and reporting, as well as to guide research, policy, and practice decisions to address health disparities in under-resourced communities.

Objectives: The New York University Center for the Study of Asian American Health collaboratively developed and administered a large-scale health needs assessment in diverse, low-income Asian American and Pacific Islander communities in New York City and three U.S.

Challenges and recommendations to improve institutional review boards' review of community-engaged research proposals: A scoping review.

Academic and community investigators conducting community-engaged research (CEnR) are often met with challenges when seeking Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. This scoping review aims to identify challenges and recommendations for CEnR investigators and community partners working with IRBs. Peer-reviewed articles that reported on CEnR, specified study-related challenges, and lessons learned for working with IRBs and conducted in the United States were included for review.

Methods for retrospectively improving race/ethnicity data quality: a scoping review.

Improving race and ethnicity (hereafter, race/ethnicity) data quality is imperative to ensure underserved populations are represented in data sets used to identify health disparities and inform health care policy. We performed a scoping review of methods that retrospectively improve race/ethnicity classification in secondary data sets. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, searches were conducted in the MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection databases in July 2022.

The impact of anti-Asian racism on routine activities and mental health among Korean American older adults and their caregivers.

Introduction: Reported anti-Asian discrimination has been on the rise since the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, limited research addresses the health impact of perceived anti-Asian racism on Asian Americans, especially among older adults, during COVID-19. To address the gap, we examined how the novel coronavirus pandemic affected Korean American older adults, one of the largest Asian subgroups.

Identifying research practices toward achieving health equity principles within the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network.

Purpose: Although there is national recognition for health equity-oriented research, there is limited guidance for researchers to engage partnerships that promote health equity in cancer research. The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network's (CPCRN) Health Equity Work Group developed a toolkit to guide researchers in equitable collaborations.

Methods: The CPCRN's Health Equity Work Group collectively outlined health and racial equity principles guiding research collaborations with partners that include communities, community-based organizations, implementing partners in the clinical setting including providers and health care organizations, and policy makers.

Principles to operationalize equity in cancer research and health outcomes: lessons learned from the cancer prevention and control research network.

Reflecting their commitment to advancing health equity, the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) established a Health Equity Workgroup to identify and distill guiding principles rooted in health equity, community-engaged participatory research (CBPR), social determinants of health, and racial equity frameworks to guide its collective work. The Health Equity Workgroup utilized a multi-phase, participatory consensus-building approach to: (1) identify recurrent themes in health and racial equity frameworks; (2) capture perspectives on and experiences with health equity research among CPCRN members through an online survey; (3) engage in activities to discuss and refine the guiding principles; and (4) collect case examples of operationalizing equity principles in cancer research. Representatives from all CPCRN centers endorsed nine core principles to guide the Network's strategic plan: (1) Engage in power-sharing and capacity building with partners; (2) Address community priorities through community engagement and co-creation of research; (3) Explore and address the systems and structural root causes of cancer disparities; (4) Build a system of accountability between research and community partners; (5) Establish transparent relationships with community partners; (6) Prioritize the sustainability of research benefits for community partners; (7) Center racial equity in cancer prevention and control research; (8) Engage in equitable data collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination practices; and (9) Integrate knowledge translation, implementation, and dissemination into research plans.

Up-to-Date Colonoscopy Use in Asian and Hispanic Subgroups in New York City, 2003-2016.

Background: Colorectal cancer screening uptake in the United States overall has increased, but racial/ethnic disparities persist and data on colonoscopy uptake by racial/ethnic subgroups are lacking. We sought to better characterize these trends and to identify predictors of colonoscopy uptake, particularly among Asian and Hispanic subgroups.

Study: We used data from the New York City Community Health Survey to generate estimates of up-to-date colonoscopy use in Asian and Hispanic subgroups across 6 time periods spanning 2003-2016.

Promoting Physical Activity Among Immigrant Asian Americans: Results from Four Community Health Worker Studies.

Racial/ethnic minorities have demonstrated lower rates of physical activity (PA) than non-Hispanic Whites. This study examined outcomes in PA measures after participation in a community health worker (CHW) intervention. We performed a secondary data analysis from four randomized controlled trials utilizing CHWs (n = 842) in New York City (Bangladeshi-diabetes management, Filipino-hypertension management, and Korean and Asian Indian-diabetes prevention).

Exploring community knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of Alzheimer's Disease/Alzheimer's Disease-Related Dementias and healthy ageing in Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders.

Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) disparities exist in the rapidly growing and extremely heterogeneous Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NH/PI) ageing populations in the United States. Limited community-clinical resources supporting culturally competent and timely diagnosis exacerbate barriers to existing care services in these populations. Community-based participatory research or community-engaged research are proven community-academic research approaches that can support the development and implementation of community-focused programmes to maximise community benefit.

Examining demographic, work, and sleep characteristics among older South Asian American yellow taxi drivers in New York City: A brief report.

Objectives: This exploratory study examines workplace factors, sleep, sleep disorders, and safety among older (age 50 years and above) yellow taxi drivers in New York City (NYC) of South Asian descent.

Methods: Using street intercept methods, quantitative data was collected among yellow taxi drivers in NYC (n = 27) from January-March 2020.

Results: Among drivers, higher than normal sleepiness was identified in 33%, sleeping fewer than 7 hours on worknights work nights was reported by 52%, and 37% were at high risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).