Immunological signature in human cases of monkeypox infection in 2022 outbreak: an observational study.

Background: An unprecedented global monkeypox outbreak started in May, 2022. No data are yet available about the dynamics of the immune response against monkeypox virus. The aim of this study was to describe kinetics of T-cell response, inflammatory profile, and pox-specific T-cell induction in patients with laboratory-confirmed monkeypox.

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in COVID-19: The Paradox of Good.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Viral replication in the respiratory tract induces the death of infected cells and the release of pathogen- associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs give rise to local inflammation, increasing the secretion of pro- inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which attract immune cells from the blood into the infected lung.

Expansion of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Contributes to Platelet Activation by L-Arginine Deprivation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Massive platelet activation and thrombotic events characterize severe COVID-19, highlighting their critical role in SARS-CoV-2-induced immunopathology. Since there is a well-described expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in severe COVID-19, we evaluated their possible role in platelet activation during SARS-CoV-2 infection. During COVID-19, a lower plasmatic L-arginine level was observed compared to healthy donors, which correlated with MDSC frequency.

Outcomes of sutureless total thyroidectomy in elderly.

Introduction: Thyroid disease is common in elderly population. The incidence of hypothyroidism and multinodular goiter increases with age. Surgery in elderly patients has been considered to be more hazardous than in a youthful population.

Esophagogastric junction morphology assessment by high resolution manometry in obese patients candidate to bariatric surgery.

Introduction: Obesity is a strong independent risk factor of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and hiatal hernia development. Pure restrictive bariatric surgery should not be indicated in case of hiatal hernia and GERD. However it is unclear what is the real incidence of disruption of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) in patients candidate to bariatric surgery.

Effectiveness of an advanced hemostatic pad combined with harmonic scalpel in thyroid surgery. A prospective study.

Introduction: Hemostasis during thyroidectomy is essential; however the most efficient and cost-effective way to achieve this is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of total thyroidectomy (TT) performed with the combination of harmonic scalpel (HS) and an advanced hemostatic pad (Hemopatch).

Methods: Patient undergone TT were divided into two groups: HS + hemopatch and HS + traditional hemostasis groups.

Sutureless thyroidectomy.

Objective: The ultrasonic scalpel is a surgical shear that uses high-frequency mechanical energy to enable simultaneous vessel sealing and tissue coagulation at the same time. We conducted a prospective study to compare the outcome of total thyroidectomy using the ultrasonic scalpel versus the device Ligasure in terms of safety, operative time, overall drainage volume, complications, hospital stay.

Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2013,400 patients (260 women, 140 men; mean age 46 years) undergoing thyroidectomy were randomized into two groups: group A, where Ultracision were used, and group B, where the Ligasure device was used.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity: do we need to perform reflux testing in all candidates to bariatric surgery?

Introduction: Obesity is a strong independent risk factor of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and esophageal erosions. However the relationship between obesity and GERD is still a subject of debate. In fact, if in most cases bariatric surgery can diminish reflux by losing a large amount of fat, on the other hand some restrictive procedure can worsen or cause the presence of GERD.

Long term quality of life after laparoscopic antireflux surgery for the elderly.

Background: Studies have previously shown laparoscopic antireflux surgery is a safe and effective treatment for GERD even in elderly patients. The aim of the current study was to evaluate patients receiving laparoscopic antireflux surgery before and after 65 years of age and to assess their surgical outcomes and improvements in long term quality of life.

Methods: Patients were given a standardized symptoms questionnaire and the Short-Form 36 Health Survey for quality-of-life evaluation before and after laparoscopic total fundoplication.

Axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer in elderly patients and fibrin glue.

Background: Axillary lymphadenectomy or sentinel biopsy is integral part of breast cancer treatment, yet seroma formation occurs in 15-85% of cases. Among methods employed to reduce seroma magnitude and duration, fibrin glue has been proposed in numerous studies with controversial results.

Methods: Thirty patients over 60 years underwent quadrantectomy or mastectomy with level I/II axillary lymphadenectomy; a suction drain was fitted in all patients.

Minimally invasive thyroidectomy (MIT): indications and results.

Aim: To establish if the indication for different approaches for thyroidectomy and the incision length provided by means of pre-operative assessment of gland volume and size of nodules resulted in safe and effective outcomes and in any notable aesthetic or quality-of-life impact on patients.

Materials And Methods: Ninehundred eightytwo consecutive patients, undergoing total thyroidectomy, were enrolled. The thyroid volume and maximal nodule diameter were measured by means of ultrasounds.

Axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer and fibrin glue.

Background: Axillary lymphadenectomy or sentinel biopsy is integral part of breast cancer treatment, yet seroma formation occurs in 15-85% of cases. Among methods employed to reduce seroma magnitude and duration, fibrin glue has been proposed in numerous studies with controversial results.

Methods: Eighty patients underwent quadrantectomy or mastectomy with level I/II axillary lymphadenectomy; a suction drain was fitted in all patients.

Hyaluronic acid and adhesions on polypropylene endoperitoneal mesh: an experimental study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid in preventing adhesion formation after endoperitoneal surgery in which prosthetic polypropylene mesh is placed directly on the viscera.

Methods: Forty albino rats were included in this study and the animals were randomized to the following 4 groups each with 10 rats: polypropylene prosthesis (PP), PP+hyaluronic acid (HA), Hertra prosthesis (HP), HP+HA. A large defect was created in the anterior abdominal wall of each rat and repaired in different ways.

Ultrasound scalpel in thyroidectomy. Prospective randomized study.

Objective: The ultrasonic scalpel is a surgical shear that uses high-frequency mechanical energy to enable simultaneous vessel sealing and tissue coagulation at the same time. We conducted a prospective randomized study to compare the outcome of total thyroidectomy using the ultrasonic scalpel versus standard clamp and tie (CT) procedure in terms of safety, operative time, overall drainage volume, complications, hospital stay.

Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2010, 200 patients (130 women, 70 men; mean age 46 years) undergoing thyroidectomy were randomized into two groups: group A, where CT technique were used, and group B, where the ultrasonic device was used.

Effectiveness of fibrin glue in conjunction with collagen patches to reduce seroma formation after axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer.

Background: Axillary lymphadenectomy remains an integral part of breast cancer treatment, yet seroma formation occurs in 15% to 85% of cases. Among methods employed to reduce seroma magnitude and duration, fibrin glue has been proposed in numerous studies, with controversial results.

Methods: Fifty patients underwent quadrantectomy or mastectomy with level I/II axillary lymphadenectomy; a suction drain was fitted in all patients.

Umbilical endometriosis associated with umbilical hernia. Management of a rare occurrence.

We report a rare case of primitive umbilical endometriosis associated with umbilical hernia, which required wide umbilical resection and immediate reconstruction performed according to a recently described technique. A wide resection of the peritoneal sac was performed because of the possible presence of endometrial tissue inside. The hernia was repaired according to Mayo's technique.