Sleep-related breathing disorders in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are frequent and may be associated with pulmonary vascular involvement.

Purpose: Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) may be associated with a worse prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the prevalence of sleep disorders in IPF and the pathophysiological link between SRBD and IPF is unclear.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective trial, consecutive patients with stable IPF underwent polysomnography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Endotyping Sleep Apnea One Breath at a Time: An Automated Approach for Separating Obstructive from Central Sleep-disordered Breathing.

Determining whether an individual has obstructive or central sleep apnea is fundamental to selecting the appropriate treatment. Here we derive an automated breath-by-breath probability of obstruction, as a surrogate of gold-standard upper airway resistance, using hallmarks of upper airway obstruction visible on clinical sleep studies. From five nocturnal polysomnography signals (airflow, thoracic and abdominal effort, oxygen saturation, and snore), nine features were extracted and weighted to derive the breath-by-breath probability of obstruction (P).

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea: updated position paper of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery.

Since the first statement of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is meanwhile an established treatment option for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). There are three HNS systems available in Germany which differ in their technical details of the underlying comparable basic principle. For the unilateral HNS with respiratory sensing, several comparative studies, high-volume register analysis and long-term reports exist.

Technical Innovations in Pneumology: E-Health, Screening, Diagnostics, and Therapy.

At the 2020 "Luftschlösser" (castles in the air) conference, experts from a wide range of pneumological fields discussed technical innovations in pneumology, which can be seen in many different areas of the field, including e-health, screening, diagnostics, and therapy. They contribute to substantial advancements ranging from the innovative use of diagnostic tools to novel treatments for chronic lung diseases. Artificial intelligence enables broader screening, which can be expected to have beneficial effects on disease progression and overall prognosis.

High sensitivity of PD-L1 analysis from pleural effusion in nonsmall cell lung cancer.

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for monotherapy of metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) depending on tumour cells' PD-L1 expression. Pleural effusion is common in mNSCLC. The significance of immunocytochemistry PD-L1 analysis from pleural effusion samples is unclear.

[Not Available].

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea - Updated position paper of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. Since the first statement of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is meanwhile an established treatment option for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). There are three HNS systems available in Germany which differ in their technical details of the underlying comparable basic principle.

Combining biopsy tools improves mutation detection rate in central lung cancer.

https://bit.ly/2Ve41EF.

Noninvasive Prediction of Twitch Transdiaphragmatic Pressure: Insights from Spirometry, Diaphragm Ultrasound, and Phrenic Nerve Stimulation Studies.

Background: Twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure (twPdi) following magnetic stimulation (MS) of the phrenic nerves is the gold standard for non-volitional assessment of diaphragm strength. Expiratory muscle function can be investigated using MS of the abdominal muscles and measurement of twitch gastric pressure (twPgas).

Objectives: To investigate whether twitch pressures following MS of the phrenic and lower thoracic nerve roots can be predicted noninvasively by diaphragm ultrasound parameters and volitional tests of respiratory muscle strength.

More than Heart Failure: Central Sleep Apnea and Sleep-Related Hypoventilation.

Central sleep apnea (CSA) comprises a variety of breathing patterns and clinical entities. They can be classified into 2 categories based on the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood. Nonhypercapnic CSA is usually characterized by a periodic breathing pattern, while hypercapnic CSA is based on hypoventilation.

Transbronchial cryobiopsy in fibrosing interstitial lung disease: modifications of the procedure lead to risk reduction.

Sixty-one subjects with fibrosing interstitial lung disease were prospectively analysed to determine the efficacy of transbronchial cryobiopsy (CryoTBB) and the effect of procedural modifications which were introduced after an interim analysis of the first 19 subjects. The modifications significantly reduced complication rates from 84% to 14% (p<0.001).

Effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) in patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Purpose: Different forms of training focusing on the muscles of the upper airways showed limited effects on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and/or snoring. We investigated the effect of generalized respiratory muscle training (RMT) in lean patients with mild to moderate OSA.

Methods: Nine male subjects (52.