Microvascular complications in patients with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD).

Background: This study aims to quantitatively and qualitatively assess microvascular complications and their risk factors in patients with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) compared to those with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1).

Methods: 79 patients with CFRD were matched with 79 patients with DM1 according to sex, age and duration of insulin therapy. Retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy and microalbuminuria were the microvascular complications assessed.

Altered setting of the pituitary-thyroid ensemble in hypocretin-deficient narcoleptic men.

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder caused by disruption of hypocretin (orexin) neurotransmission. Injection of hypocretin-1 acutely suppresses TRH and TSH release in rats. In contrast, subchronic administration does not appear to affect the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid ensemble in animals.

Enhanced circadian ACTH release in obese premenopausal women: reversal by short-term acipimox treatment.

Several studies suggest that the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is exceedingly active in obese individuals. Experimental studies show that circulating free fatty acids (FFAs) promote the secretory activity of the HPA axis and that human obesity is associated with high circulating FFAs. We hypothesized that HPA axis activity is enhanced and that lowering of circulating FFAs by acipimox would reduce spontaneous secretion of the HPA hormonal ensemble in obese humans.

Acipimox enhances spontaneous growth hormone secretion in obese women.

We hypothesized that a high circulating free fatty acid (FFA) concentration is involved in the pathogenesis of hyposomatotropism associated with obesity. To evaluate this hypothesis, 10 healthy premenopausal women (body mass index 33.8 +/- 1.

Hypocretin deficiency in narcoleptic humans is associated with abdominal obesity.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of obesity among patients with narcolepsy, to estimate associated long-term health risks on the basis of waist circumference, and to distinguish the impact of hypocretin deficiency from that of increased daytime sleepiness (i.e., reduced physical activity) on these anthropometric measures.

Somatotropic axis in hypocretin-deficient narcoleptic humans: altered circadian distribution of GH-secretory events.

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder caused by impaired hypocretin (orexin) neurotransmission. Growth hormone (GH) secretion may be altered in narcolepsy for various reasons. Slow-wave sleep episodes, which are closely associated with GH-secretory events, are more randomly dispersed over 24 h in narcoleptics.