Changes in health, lifestyle, and wellbeing of children with type 1 diabetes and their parents during the pandemic.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have substantially affected people's health and rapidly changed their daily routines. This is a prospective study that investigated the impact of the pandemic on primary school children with Type 1 diabetes and their parents during the first lockdown in Kuwait.

Methods: A questionnaire battery related to mental health, well-being, and lifestyle was administered at baseline in Summer 2019 (face-to-face, at a diabetes outpatient clinic) and at follow-up during lockdown in Summer 2020 (via telephone, in adherence with COVID-19 restrictions).

Psychological variables and lifestyle in children with type1 diabetes and their parents: A systematic review.

Diabetes may impact physical and psychosocial well-being; the diabetes incidence has seen a drastic increase globally. There is also a rise in poor mental health and well-being in children with and without chronic illness; problems are being seen at a younger age. The objective of this review was to understand the determinants of these problems in a family context.

Exploring the determinants of mental health, wellbeing, and lifestyle in 8-11 year old children with type 1 diabetes and their healthy counterparts in Kuwait.

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease with an early onset, but little is known about its psychological effects in middle childhood. The present study was the first to explore the relationship between mental health, wellbeing, and lifestyle of 8-11 years old children with Type 1 diabetes and their parents, and a healthy comparison group. A total of 200 parent-child dyads were recruited in diabetic clinics and from primary schools in Kuwait.

Changes in the nutritional content of children's lunches after the Food Dudes healthy eating programme.

Previous research into the effectiveness of healthy eating programmes has shown increases in healthful eating behaviour in primary schools; however, data collection methods have not been sufficiently sensitive to detect micronutrient changes. The present study extends the literature by measuring individual children's intake of macro- and micronutrients at lunchtime, before and after a programme targeting children's consumption of fruit and vegetables, to identify evidence-based health benefits of programme participation. Baseline data were collected over 4 d at lunchtime in two primary schools.

Nudge with caution: targeting fruit and vegetable consumption in primary schools.

Most children in the UK are not eating enough fruit and vegetables to support optimum health. Evidence-based interventions are needed to change this trend. In the present pilot study, effectiveness of simple behavioural nudges on children's lunchtime consumption of fruit and vegetables was tested in two primary (elementary) schools.

Measuring lunchtime consumption in school cafeterias: a validation study of the use of digital photography.

Objective: The present study tested the validity of a digital image-capture measure of food consumption suitable for use in busy school cafeterias.

Design: Lunches were photographed pre- and post-consumption, and food items were weighed pre- and post-consumption for comparison.

Setting: A small research team recorded children's lunchtime consumption in one primary and one secondary school over seven working days.

A low-cost Behavioural Nudge and choice architecture intervention targeting school lunches increases children's consumption of fruit: a cluster randomised trial.

Background: Research has consistently indicated that most children do not consume sufficient fruit and vegetables to provide them with a healthy, balanced diet. This study set out to trial a simple, low-cost behavioural nudge intervention to encourage children to select and consume more fruit and vegetables with their lunchtime meal in a primary school cafeteria.

Methods: Four primary schools were randomly allocated to either the control or the intervention condition and baseline data were collected over two days in each school.

Outcomes of a Comparison Study into a Group-Based Infant Parenting Programme.

This paper reports on a quantitative evaluation of a group-based programme designed to promote parent-infant attachment and child development. Whilst group-based parenting programmes are recommended for treating and preventing conduct disorder in older children, there is, as yet, little evidence as to whether they have a positive effect on very young children and their carers'. Recent UK Government initiatives to support families and improve parenting skills in the first 2 years of children's lives have increased the demand for the delivery and evaluation of community-based programmes.

Increasing pre-school children's consumption of fruit and vegetables. A modelling and rewards intervention.

Using a repeated measures design, in a nursery setting, a modelling and rewards intervention targeted preschool children's consumption of 8 fruit and 8 vegetables (presented as 4 different food sets, each comprising 2 fruit and 2 vegetables). During the 16-day Baseline 1, and subsequent baselines, the children received a different food set daily, first at snacktime and again at lunchtime; consumption of these foods was not rewarded. In the 32-day fruit intervention phase, Food Set 2 and Food Set 3 were presented on alternate days; rewards were presented only at snacktime, and only for consumption of the fruit components.