In vivo ectopic bone formation by devitalized mineralized stem cell carriers produced under mineralizing culture condition.

Functionalization of tissue engineering scaffolds with in vitro-generated bone-like extracellular matrix (ECM) represents an effective biomimetic approach to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro. However, the bone-forming capacity of these constructs (seeded with or without cells) is so far not apparent. In this study, we aimed at developing a mineralizing culture condition to biofunctionalize three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds with highly mineralized ECM in order to produce devitalized, osteoinductive mineralized carriers for human periosteal-derived progenitors (hPDCs).

In vitro cell-biological performance and structural characterization of selective laser sintered and plasma surface functionalized polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone regeneration.

In the present study a structural characterization and in vitro cell-biological evaluation was performed on polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds that were produced by the additive manufacturing technique selective laser sintering (SLS), followed by a plasma-based surface modification technique, either non-thermal oxygen plasma or double protein coating, to functionalize the PCL scaffold surfaces. In the first part of this study pore morphology by means of 2D optical microscopy, surface chemistry by means of hydrophilicity measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, strut surface roughness by means of 3D micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging and scaffold mechanical properties by means of compression testing were evaluated before and after the surface modifications. The results showed that both surface modifications increased the PCL scaffold hydrophilicity without altering the morphological and mechanical properties.

Ectopic bone formation by 3D porous calcium phosphate-Ti6Al4V hybrids produced by perfusion electrodeposition.

Successful clinical repair of non-healing skeletal defects requires the use of bone substitutes with robust bone inductivity and excellent biomechanical stability. Thus, three-dimensionally functionalised porous calcium phosphate-Ti6Al4V (CaP-Ti) hybrids were produced by perfusion electrodeposition, and the in vitro and in vivo biological performances were evaluated using human periosteum derived cells (hPDCs). By applying various current densities at the optimised deposition conditions, CaP coatings with sub-micrometer to nano-scale porous crystalline structures and different ion dissolution kinetics were deposited on the porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds.

Multi-level factorial analysis of Ca2+/Pi supplementation as bio-instructive media for in vitro biomimetic engineering of three-dimensional osteogenic hybrids.

We report on the in vitro use of Ca(2+)/P(i) supplementation as a bio-instructive medium to drive human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs) toward osteogenic differentiation on three-dimensional (3D) porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds. Through a multilevel factorial analysis, we have systematically investigated the biological effect and interactions of Ca(2+) or P(i) supplementation in three selected media preparations (i.e.

Perfusion electrodeposition of calcium phosphate on additive manufactured titanium scaffolds for bone engineering.

A perfusion electrodeposition (P-ELD) system was reported to functionalize additive manufactured Ti6Al4V scaffolds with a calcium phosphate (CaP) coating in a controlled and reproducible manner. The effects and interactions of four main process parameters - current density (I), deposition time (t), flow rate (f) and process temperature (T) - on the properties of the CaP coating were investigated. The results showed a direct relation between the parameters and the deposited CaP mass, with a significant effect for t (P=0.