Ocular Surface Evaluation in Immunoglobulin G4-Related Ophthalmic Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the functional and structural changes of the meibomian glands and ocular surface in immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) patients.

Design: Cross-sectional, matched case-control comparison study.

Methods: This study included 64 patients with biopsy-proven IgG4-ROD (aged 63.

Single or double? A comparison of evisceration techniques.

Purpose: We compared the rates of implant exposure and extrusion after evisceration with single and double scleral closure techniques.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all patients who underwent evisceration with an implant insertion over the past 18 years at Tung Wah Eastern Hospital and Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital. Clinical documents and operation records were reviewed.

Treatment outcomes and their determinants of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease: a territory-wide cohort study.

Background: Oral corticosteroid remains the first-line treatment of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, but steroid-dependence is common and serious. Factors associated with steroid dependence and relapse have to be further explored.

Study Population: A city-wide, biopsy-proven, Chinese cohort.

Radiological Determinants of Complicated Immunoglobulin G4-Related Ophthalmic Disease: A Territory-Wide Cohort Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the presenting radiological features of immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) and their associations with IgG4-related optic neuropathy (IgG4-RON), and IgG4-related ocular adnexal lymphoma (IgG4-ROL).

Methods: A territory-wide, biopsy-proven, Chinese cohort. Masked review of orbital images, medical records, and histopathology reports.

Surgical outcomes of orbital evisceration with primary orbital implant placement in patients with endophthalmitis.

Objectives: This study reports the surgical outcomes of evisceration with primary orbital implant placement in patients with endophthalmitis and analyses the association with implant exposure and extrusion.

Methods: A retrospective, multicentre, Chinese cohort study. Review of medical records and orbital images of patients who underwent evisceration with primary orbital implant placement between January 2005 and January 2021.

Malignancies in Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease.

Purpose: Clinical phenotypes in Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) according to the patterns of affecting organs have different risks of malignancies. We attempt to determine the association of malignancies with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

A Review of Tolerance and Safety Profiles of Long-Term Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in Asian Patients with Hemifacial Spasm and Benign Essential Blepharospasm.

This article reports the tolerance and long-term safety profiles of botulinum neurotoxin type A among Asian patients with benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and hemifacial spasm (HFS). We performed a retrospective review of clinical documents and procedure records of consecutive BEB and HFS patients receiving onabotulinum toxin A (Botox) treatment in our clinic over the past 20 years. We reviewed the information of 105 patients diagnosed with BEB ( = 31) and HFS ( = 74).

Combination of squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma arising from a giant verruca vulgaris involving the eyelid.

Purpose: Verruca Vulgaris is a common benign cutaneous lesion which only reported occasionally to have malignant potential. Our purpose is to report a rare case of verruca vulgaris involving the eyelid and subsequently transformed into the combination of squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.

Observations: We reported a case of a 97-year-old female with a chronic biopsy proven verruca vulgaris involving the left lateral canthus.

Immunoglobulin G4-related lacrimal sac dacryocystocele: A novel case report.

Purpose: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is a systemic fibroinflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) can manifest in multiple ways, but lacrimal sac involvement is rare. We present the first case in Chinese population of lacrimal sac IgG4-ROD.

Choroidal thickness in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Importance: To investigate the choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).

Background: To compare CT of TAO patients and healthy subjects.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study in a public hospital.

Association of antenatal steroid and risk of retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of childhood blindness. Use of antenatal steroid can reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm births, but its effect on ROP remained controversial. We aim to determine the association between antenatal steroid and risk of ROP by a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Refractive Errors and Concomitant Strabismus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the risk of development of concomitant strabismus due to refractive errors. Eligible studies published from 1946 to April 1, 2016 were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE that evaluated any kinds of refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and anisometropia) as an independent factor for concomitant exotropia and concomitant esotropia. Totally 5065 published records were retrieved for screening, 157 of them eligible for detailed evaluation.

Association of Gestational Hypertensive Disorders with Retinopathy of prematurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The role of gestational hypertensive disorders, which includes both pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension, in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has been controversial. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between gestational hypertensive disoders and ROP. Eligible studies published up to June 5, 2016 were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE that evaluated the association between the two conditions.

The Natural Course of Intermittent Exotropia over a 3-year Period and the Factors Predicting the Control Deterioration.

The natural course of intermittent exotropia and the factors affecting its control has been unclear. We aim to report the natural course of our cohort of 117 Chinese children with intermittent exotropia and to identify baseline parameters that may have predictive value in the control deterioration of the disease. The visual acuity, spherical equivalent, compliance to orthoptic exercise, angle of deviation fusional convergence parameters and Newcastle Control Score were recorded for all children at baseline and at 3 years apart.

Predictive factors affecting the short term and long term exodrift in patients with intermittent exotropia after bilateral rectus muscle recession and its effect on surgical outcome.

Purpose: To determine the predictive factors that affect short term and long term postoperative drift in intermittent exotropia after bilateral lateral rectus recession and to evaluate its effect on surgical outcome.

Methods: Retrospective review of 203 patients with diagnosis of intermittent exotropia, who had surgical corrections with more than 3 years of followup. Different preoperative parameters were obtained and evaluated using Pearson's correlation analysis.

A prospective study of fusional convergence parameters in Chinese patients with intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between different fusional convergence parameters and the Newcastle Control Score (NCS) in children with intermittent exotropia.

Methods: In this consecutive prospective observational series, 101 Chinese children with intermittent exotropia were examined by a single observer, who assessed the level of control using the revised NCS and measured the angle of deviation and fusional convergence. Levels of control were defined according to the NCS as good (0-3), moderate (4-6), or poor (7-9).

Prognostic factors predicting the surgical outcome of bilateral lateral rectus recession surgery for patients with infantile exotropia.

Purpose: To determine the presurgery factors affecting early and long-term favorable outcomes of bilateral lateral rectus recession surgery for infantile exotropia.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study of 50 patients with infantile exotropia (both constant-type and intermittent-type exotropia with onset before 1 year of age) who had bilateral lateral rectus recession surgery correction with more than 1 year follow up. Presurgery data were obtained and evaluated by use of multiple regression analysis.

Preoperative factors predicting the surgical response of bilateral lateral rectus recession surgery in patients with infantile exotropia.

Purpose: To determine the preoperative factors affecting the efficacy in bilateral lateral rectus recession surgery for infantile exotropia.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 50 patients with infantile exotropia who had bilateral lateral rectus recession surgery correction with more than 1 year of follow-up. Preoperative parameters influencing the response of the surgery were obtained and evaluated using multiple regression analysis including age at onset, age at surgery, interval between onset and surgery, preoperative deviation, refractive error, anisometropia, amount of surgery performed, presence of A- or V-pattern, and preoperative phase of exotropia.

Long-term ocular alignment after bilateral lateral rectus recession in children with infantile and intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: To compare postoperative drift after bilateral lateral rectus recession for infantile exotropia (XT) and for intermittent XT and to compare initial postoperative alignment with long-term motor outcome.

Methods: Medical records of all patients with infantile exotropia or intermittent exotropia who had undergone bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession surgery with a follow-up longer than 3 years were reviewed. The pre- and postoperative angles of deviation at distance and at near and postoperative drift at distance were compared.

Refractive changes after pediatric intraocular lens implantation in Hong Kong children.

Purpose: To report the refractive changes after cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in Hong Kong Chinese children.

Methods: The clinical records of all patients who had cataract extraction and IOL implantation before age 18 years and with more than 2 years of follow-up were studied retrospectively. The refractive errors of all patients determined by cycloplegic refraction at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively and then annually thereafter were included for analysis.

Exotropic drift and ocular alignment after surgical correction for intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in the angle of deviation over time and compare the motor success rate with different initial postoperative deviation in patients undergoing surgical correction for intermittent exotropia.

Methods: Forty-eight patients aged between 1 and 10 years who underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession for intermittent exotropia were retrospectively evaluated. Preoperative and postoperative ocular deviations at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months were analyzed.