The Long-Term Risk of Metachronous Advanced Adenoma Recurrence After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Neoplasia: A Propensity-Score Matched Longitudinal Cohort With 5-Year Follow-Up.

Introduction: Long-term data on metachronous advanced adenoma (AA) recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remain scarce, leading to a lack of a standardized surveillance strategy. This study aims to evaluate the long-term risk of recurrent AA after ESD.

Materials And Methods: A longitudinal retrospective cohort study with propensity-score matching was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Hong Kong.

Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is associated with a higher risk of colorectal adenoma and multiple adenomas in asymptomatic subjects.

Hypothesis: The objective of this study is to evaluate the predictive ability of the TyG index for the presence of adenoma and multiple adenomas in an asymptomatic population.

Design: A secondary analysis was conducted on a prospective cohort of asymptomatic subjects aged between 50 and 75 who underwent CRC screening. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profiles were measured within three months prior colonoscopy.

VSTM2A reverses immunosuppression in colorectal cancer by antagonizing the PD-L1/PD-1 interaction.

Immunoglobulin (Ig) VSTM2A (V-set and transmembrane domain containing 2A) is a top-ranked secretory protein frequently silenced during colorectal carcinogenesis; however, its role in immune modulation remains largely unknown. Bioinformatic and immunohistochemistry analysis of human colorectal specimens and Vstm2a knockout mice indicated that VSTM2A positively correlated with CD8a and immune infiltration in both physiological and pathological conditions. We then utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to pinpoint programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a membrane receptor of VSTM2A.

Prospective single-arm trial on feasibility and safety of an endoscopic robotic system for colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Background: The development of the EndoMaster "Endoluminal Access Surgical Efficacy" (EASE) system aims to enhance the safety and efficacy of colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) through two flexible robotic arms. This is the first clinical trial to evaluate the performance of colorectal ESD using EndoMaster.

Method: Patients with early mucosal colorectal neoplasia that was not suitable for en bloc resection with snare-based techniques were recruited.

Enhancing Clinical Utility: Utilization of International Standards and Guidelines for Metagenomic Sequencing in Infectious Disease Diagnosis.

Metagenomic sequencing has emerged as a transformative tool in infectious disease diagnosis, offering a comprehensive and unbiased approach to pathogen detection. Leveraging international standards and guidelines is essential for ensuring the quality and reliability of metagenomic sequencing in clinical practice. This review explores the implications of international standards and guidelines for the application of metagenomic sequencing in infectious disease diagnosis.

Effect of Real-Time Computer-Aided Polyp Detection System (ENDO-AID) on Adenoma Detection in Endoscopists-in-Training: A Randomized Trial.

Background: The effect of computer-aided polyp detection (CADe) on adenoma detection rate (ADR) among endoscopists-in-training remains unknown.

Methods: We performed a single-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial in Hong Kong between April 2021 and July 2022 (NCT04838951). Eligible subjects undergoing screening/surveillance/diagnostic colonoscopies were randomized 1:1 to receive colonoscopies with CADe (ENDO-AID[OIP-1]) or not (control) during withdrawal.

Cell-free circulating tumor RNAs in plasma as the potential prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer.

Background: Cell free RNA (cfRNA) contains transcript fragments from multiple cell types, making it useful for cancer detection in clinical settings. However, the pathophysiological origins of cfRNAs in plasma from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remain unclear.

Methods: To identify the tissue-specific contributions of cfRNAs transcriptomic profile, we used a published single-cell transcriptomics profile to deconvolute cell type abundance among paired plasma samples from CRC patients who underwent tumor-ablative surgery.

The diagnostic significance of CDH17-positive circulating tumor cells in patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Hong Kong. We tested the hypothesis that circulating tumor cell (CTC) analysis by ARB101 antibody could be used as a tool for CRC detection, progression, and therapy response.

Research Methods: ARB101 antibody was used for investigation of CDH17 expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of CRC patients.

The non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal cancer via a SOX9-based gene panel.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) threatens human health seriously. Early diagnosis of CRC is critical to improving patient survival. Meanwhile, non-invasive detection through tumor-circulating markers can be an important auxiliary diagnosis.

Prognosis of patients with unresectable stage IV Colon cancer undergoing primary tumor resection: A multicenter study of minimally symptomatic or asymptomatic primary tumor.

Aim: To determine the factors affecting survival of patients with unresectable stage IV colon cancer with Primary tumour resection (PTR) as first treatment compared with those with conventional palliative chemotherapy.

Methodology: Patient with minimally or asymptomatic stage IV colon cancer at diagnosis were identified from prospectively managed database in included centers from 2015 to 2020. Patient with and without PTR performed were followed up.

More than a duologue: In-depth insights into epitranscriptomics and ferroptosis.

Beyond transcription, RNA molecules are enzymatically modified to influence the biological functions of living organisms. The term "epitranscriptomics" describes the changes in RNA strands aside from altering the innate sequences. Modifications on adenosine (A) are the most widely characterized epitranscriptomic modification, including N-methyladenosine (mA), N-methyladenosine (mA), polyadenylation, and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, and modifications on other nucleotides seem to be fewer, such as N-methylguanosine (mG), 5-methylcytosine (mC), and pseudouridine (Ψ).

Third Asia-Pacific consensus recommendations on colorectal cancer screening and postpolypectomy surveillance.

The Asia-Pacific region has the largest number of cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) and one of the highest levels of mortality due to this condition in the world. Since the publishing of two consensus recommendations in 2008 and 2015, significant advancements have been made in our knowledge of epidemiology, pathology and the natural history of the adenoma-carcinoma progression. Based on the most updated epidemiological and clinical studies in this region, considering literature from international studies, and adopting the modified Delphi process, the Asia-Pacific Working Group on Colorectal Cancer Screening has updated and revised their recommendations on (1) screening methods and preferred strategies; (2) age for starting and terminating screening for CRC; (3) screening for individuals with a family history of CRC or advanced adenoma; (4) surveillance for those with adenomas; (5) screening and surveillance for sessile serrated lesions and (6) quality assurance of screening programmes.

Identification of Tissue Types and Gene Mutations From Histopathology Images for Advancing Colorectal Cancer Biology.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients respond differently to treatments and are sub-classified by different approaches. We evaluated a deep learning model, which adopted endoscopic knowledge learnt from AI-doscopist, to characterise CRC patients by histopathological features. Data of 461 patients were collected from TCGA-COAD database.

Droplet nuclei are generated during colonoscopy and are decreased by the use of carbon dioxide and water immersion technique.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns on whether colonoscopies (CS) carry a transmission risk. The aim was to determine whether CS are aerosol-generating procedures.

Methods: This was a prospective observational trial including all patients undergoing CS at the Prince of Wales Hospital from 1 June to 31 July 2020.

Personalized laparoscopic resection of colon cancer with the use of indocyanine green lymph node mapping: Technical and clinical outcomes.

Introduction: To describe the experience of utilization of real time indocyanide green (ICG) fluorescent imaging for mapping out drainage lymph node and hence personalized lymphadenectomy in colorectal resection.

Methods: Perioperative injection of ICG before or during colon cancer resection by either intraluminal submucosal injection or laparoscopic peritumoural injection. The drainage lymph nodes were mapped out, and hence lymphadenectomy was performed enbloc with the main tumor.

Joint effect between bisphenol A and alcohol consumption on benign prostatic hyperplasia: A case-control study in Hong Kong Chinese males.

Background: Whether bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is a contributing factor to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between chronic BPA exposure and BPH risk, and explored whether this association was modified by alcohol drinking.

Methods: This study included a total of 650 BPH cases and 650 controls recruited from the same hospital in Hong Kong during 2011-2016.

Comparison between robotic natural orifice specimen extraction surgery and traditional laparoscopic low anterior resection for middle and low rectal cancer: A propensity score matching analysis.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to find the advantages of robotic natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) for middle and low rectal cancer, compared with traditional laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR).

Methods: Patients receiving robotic NOSES or traditional laparoscopic LAR were retrospectively enrolled from 2013-10 to 2019-06, with middle and low rectal cancer, maximum diameter ≤ 5 cm, pT1-3 or ypT1-3 stage, no distant metastases. The baseline of the two groups was balanced using the propensity score matching method.

Effectiveness of One-Stop Screening for Colorectal, Breast, and Prostate Cancers: A Population-Based Feasibility Study.

Unlabelled: Colorectal cancer (CRC), prostate cancer (PC) and breast cancer (BC) are among the most common cancers worldwide with well-established screening strategies. We aim to investigate the effectiveness and compliance of a one-stop screening service for CRC, PC and BC. Asymptomatic subjects aged 50-75 years were invited.

Streptococcus thermophilus Inhibits Colorectal Tumorigenesis Through Secreting β-Galactosidase.

Background & Aims: Streptococcus thermophilus was identified to be depleted in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by shotgun metagenomic sequencing of 526 multicohort fecal samples. Here, we aim to investigate whether this bacterium could act as a prophylactic for CRC prevention.

Methods: The antitumor effects of S thermophilus were assessed in cultured colonic epithelial cells and in 2 murine models of intestinal tumorigenesis.

The role of metacognition and its indirect effect through cognitive attentional syndrome on fear of cancer recurrence trajectories: A longitudinal study.

Objective: This longitudinal study mapped distinct trajectories of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) over 12 months among patients with breast (BC) or colorectal (CRC) cancer, and examined if metacognition, indirectly via attentional bias, intrusive thoughts and avoidance (hallmarks of cognitive attentional syndrome; CAS) predicted FCR trajectory membership.

Methods: Two hundred and seventy BC (n = 163) or CRC (n = 107) patients were assessed at 8-weeks, 3-, 6-, and 12-months postsurgery on a measure of FCR (FCRI-SF). Metacognition (MCQ-30), Intrusive and Avoidant Thoughts (CIES-R) and attentional bias (dot-probe tasks) were assessed at baseline.

Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase expression is an independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer.

Background: Prognostication of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) currently relies on tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging but clinical outcomes of patients of the same histoclinical stage are heterogeneous. It is therefore imperative to devise novel molecular tests to stratify CRC patients. Our previous work demonstrated that eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (EEF2K) is a tumor suppressor in CRC.

Activation of PTEN by inhibition of TRPV4 suppresses colon cancer development.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca-permeable cation channel that is known to be an osmosensor and thermosensor. Currently, limited evidence shows that TRPV4 plays opposite roles in either promoting or inhibiting cancer development in different cancer types. Furthermore, the precise biological functions and the underlying mechanisms of TRPV4 in carcinogenesis are still poorly understood.

Prospective clinical trial to evaluate safety and feasibility of using a single port flexible robotic system for transoral head and neck surgery.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical safety and feasibility of a novel single-port flexible robot for Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS).

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective phase II / IDEAL stage 2 clinical trial of both benign and malignant lesions of the head and neck. The primary endpoint included conversion rates and perioperative complications within 30 days following surgery.