Recurrence of sleep apnea in children after intracapsular coblation tonsillectomy: A comprehensive exploration of tonsil regrowth.

Objectives: Sleep apnea is a prevalent issue in children, associated with significant morbidities such as cardiovascular and neurocognitive disorders. There is increasing interest in intra-capsular tonsillectomy by coblation (ICTC) as a method to address obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. However, the literature remains controversial regarding the most effective intra-capsular tonsillectomy (ICT) technique with the least morbidity.

CT Scan in Children Suspected of Foreign Body Aspiration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: The goal of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography (CT) scans in the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children, and to determine whether chest CT scans would reduce the need for diagnostic rigid bronchoscopies.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched for relevant articles and conference proceedings that were published in English through November 1, 2022.

Review Methods: We included prospective and retrospective studies comparing chest CT scans and rigid bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of FBA in pediatric patients (<16 years old).

Ipratropium Bromide Nasal Spray in Non-Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of intranasal ipratropium bromide (INIB) to a placebo in reducing nasal symptoms, particularly rhinorrhea, and enhancing quality of life in non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) patients.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted on Medline, Embase, and Cochrane libraries.

Coblation intra-capsular tonsillectomy: A prospective tertiary center trial.

Introduction: There is a growing interest in intra-capsular coblation tonsillectomy (ICT) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. Literature remains controversial regarding which intra-capsular tonsillectomy (IT) technique is most effective and with least morbidity. Therefore, the aims of this study are to objectively measure the post-operative morbidity and the effectiveness of the ICT technique.

Safety and Efficacy of the Draf IIb Procedure: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: To systematically review the literature to evaluate the indications, safety, and efficacy of the Draf IIb procedure and to evaluate the added advantages of technical factors such as stents and flaps.

Data Sources: Articles published until July 2019 on Medline and Cochrane databases.

Review Methods: After a systematic review based on the 2018 PRISMA guidelines was conducted, 26 of 1533 articles were included and reviewed for indications of Draf IIb; surgical technique; use of flaps, stents, grafts, or mitomycin; complications during and after surgery; and success or recurrence rate.

The added value of WES reanalysis in the field of genetic diagnosis: lessons learned from 200 exomes in the Lebanese population.

Background: The past few decades have witnessed a tremendous development in the field of genetics. The implementation of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies revolutionized the field of molecular biology and made the genetic information accessible at a large scale. However, connecting a rare genetic variation to a complex phenotype remains challenging.

Rhinoliths: an unusual diagnosis of nasal obstruction.

In our modern medical practice, rhinoliths are a rare occurrence, but they ought to be considered in the differential diagnosis of a long-standing nasal obstruction. They are known to cause unilateral nasal discharge, facial pain, headache, epistaxis, and nasal obstruction. We present two cases that we encountered in our practice, and discuss them with a review of the existing literature.

[Acquired pediatric cholesteatoma: predictive factors of recurrence. A retrospective study of 11 years].

Aim Of The Study: To define the predictive factors of recurrence of the pediatric acquired cholesteatoma in order to improve the long-term results, to restore a good hearing function and to prevent the complications.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study concerning all cases of pediatric acquired cholesteatoma, treated during the period 1997-2008 in our center, and followed up for at least one year. A description of the parameters concerning the patients, disease and treatment as well as a univariate analysis were undertaken in order to determine the recurrence predictors.

Hypoplastic epiglottis in a non-syndromic child: a rare anomaly with serious consequences.

Hypoplasia of the epiglottis is a rarely reported anomaly. These patients may have complex malformations or are totally asymptomatic. We herewith present the case of a 26-month-old infant who was repeatedly treated for severe aspiration pneumonias that didn't resolve with gastrostomy.

Lemierre syndrome: unusual cause and presentation.

Lemierre syndrome is a potentially fatal condition after an oropharyngeal infection. It is characterized by thrombophlebitis of head and neck veins with systemic dissemination of septic emboli. The most frequently isolated pathogen is Fusobacterium necrophorum.

Unusual case of difficult double-lumen endotracheal tube removal.

A reusable Robertshaw red rubber double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) was placed to facilitate lung isolation for thoracoscopy in a 49-year-old atopic patient. In spite of its smooth insertion, it was then not possible to remove the DLT. Direct laryngoscopy showed severe laryngeal edema.

Sinonasal mucormycosis in immunocompromised pediatric patients.

Objective: Sinonasal mucormycosis is a rare fulminant disorder that typically affects immunocompromised patients. This article focuses primarily on the clinical manifestations and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Patients And Methods: Four pediatric cases of sinonasal mucormycosis encountered over an 8-year-period in our institution are reported.

Lateral sinus thrombosis in the pediatric population: multiple presentations for a potentially lethal disease.

Lateral sinus thrombosis complicating head and neck infections is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition.We report 4 pediatric cases of lateral sinus thrombosis occurring in different settings (2 patients with acute otitis media, 1 patient with chronic otitis media, and another with acute tonsillitis) to emphasize the nonspecific clinical presentation of this complication. In all our cases, early diagnosis was missed.

Knotting of nasogastric tube around a nasotracheal tube: An unusual cause of hypercapnia in a 3-month-old infant.

A 3-month-old boy was admitted to the intensive care unit because of septic shock; he required immediate intubation and placement of a nasogastric tube. A confirmatory chest radiograph showed that the nasogastric tube was looping in the hypopharynx and needed to be repositioned. During removal of the nasogastric tube, the infant experienced hypercapnia and respiratory distress.

A new autosomal recessive oto-facial syndrome with midline malformations.

Two sisters from a Lebanese family presented with slight developmental delay, short stature, congenital microcephaly, frontal bossing, mild hyperplastic supra-orbital ridges, broad nasal root, small dysplastic low-set ears, high arched palate, short neck, and hearing impairment. In addition, the oldest affected sister had esophageal atresia and the other sister had cleft palate. Temporal bone abnormalities included hypoplasia of the external auditory canal, small middle ear cavity, abnormal ossicles, and inner ear malformations with enlarged vestibular acqueducts.

Post-natal short stature, short limbs, brachydactyly, facial abnormalities, and delayed bone age: a new syndrome?

A boy is described with clinical features including post-natal short stature, short limbs, speech delay, relatively large skull, prominent metopic ridge, wide palpebral fissures, proptosis, epicanthic folds, capillary hemangioma between the eyes and nose, flat nasal bridge, everted and small nares, small ears with a narrow external auditory canal and thick lobes, short neck, brachydactyly, bilateral Simian creases, a single flexion crease of the first and fifth fingers, protruding abdomen, and bilateral cryptorchidism. Radiographs did not show any features of bone dysplasia. However, a delayed bone age was noted.

A new dominant branchiogenic-deafness syndrome with internal auditory canal hypoplasia and abnormal extremities.

Two sibs from one Lebanese family presented with congenital hearing loss, meatal atresia, preauricular tags and pits, branchial cysts or fistulae, strabismus, difficulty in opening the mouth wide enough, abnormal fifth fingers, somewhat short stature, and learning disability and patchy skin depigmentation in one. Temporal bone abnormalities identified on computed tomography included atresia of the external auditory canal with reduction in size of the middle ear, malformed ossicles, and unilateral internal auditory canal hypoplasia. Hand radiographs showed pointed phalanges of the 5th fingers with osseous erosions.

Cochleovestibular impairment in pediatric Cogan's syndrome.

Cogan's syndrome is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder that typically targets the eyes and vestibuloauditory apparatus, but it may also involve other organs. Three pediatric cases of Cogan's syndrome (ages 5, 13, and 18 years) are reported with long-term follow-up and complete and regular cochleovestibular functional evaluation and ophthalmologic and neurologic examinations. One case was a typical form (characterized by an interstitial keratitis and cochleovestibular impairment), whereas the other 2 cases were atypical forms with uveitis and polyarthritis.