A Comparison of Three Automated Root-Knot Nematode Egg Counting Approaches Using Machine Learning, Image Analysis, and a Hybrid Model.

spp. (root-knot nematodes [RKNs]) are a major threat to a wide range of agricultural crops worldwide. Breeding crops for RKN resistance is an effective management strategy, yet assaying large numbers of breeding lines requires laborious bioassays that are time-consuming and require experienced researchers.