Understanding the Role of Oxidative Stress in Platelet Alterations and Thrombosis Risk among Frail Older Adults.

Frailty and cardiovascular diseases are increasingly prevalent in aging populations, sharing common pathological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress. The evidence shows that these factors predispose frail individuals to cardiovascular diseases but also increase the risk of thrombosis. Considering this background, this review aims to explore advances regarding the relationship between oxidative stress, platelet alterations, and cardiovascular diseases in frailty, examining the role of reactive oxygen species overproduction in platelet activation and thrombosis.

The Role of Coffee and its Bioactive Components in Platelet Function and Aging.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are known to be the world's leading cause of death and different factors are known to increase the risk of death, including aging, mainly due to increased oxidative stress and inflammation observed in older people. Acute myocardial infarctions and cerebrovascular accidents belong to CVD, and are the ones that cause the most deaths and disabilities, where greater platelet activation plays an important role in pathophysiology. These diseases are more prevalent in older people, which have a clear relationship with increased platelet function and are strongly related to aging.

Aqueous Extract of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Ferulic Acid Reduce the Expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-Activated Macrophages.

Acute inflammation is essential for defending the body against pathogens; however, when inflammation becomes chronic, it is harmful to the body and is part of the pathophysiology of various diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2) and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) among others. In chronic inflammation macrophages play an important role, mainly through the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Interleukin (IL)-1β, explained in part by activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a signaling pathway which culminates in the activation of Nuclear factor (NF)-κB, an important transcription factor in the expression of these proinflammatory genes. On the other hand, the benefits on health of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables are well described.

Strawberry extract presents antiplatelet activity by inhibition of inflammatory mediator of atherosclerosis (sP-selectin, sCD40L, RANTES, and IL-1β) and thrombus formation.

Cardiovascular disease prevention is of high priority in developed countries. Healthy eating habits including the regular intake of an antithrombotic diet (fruit and vegetables) may contribute to prevention. Platelet function is a critical factor in arterial thrombosis and the effect strawberries have is still unclear.

Mauritia flexuosa Presents In Vitro and In Vivo Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Activities.

Fruit from the palm Mauritia flexuosa is one of the most important species in Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, and Guyana. The present study aimed to investigate the antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of oil extracted from Mauritia flexuosa. The fatty acid contents were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.