A Year of Pandemic: Psychological Effects in Spanish Children from 3 to 11 Years of Age.

Background: After the lockdown, schools adopted measures to avoid infection, which changed pre-pandemic routines. We evaluated whether the new school conditions constituted a stress factor for children or contributed to their recovery after the impact of the lockdown period.

Method: Participants included 291 families with children between 3 and 11 years of age.

Photocatalytic difluoromethylarylation of unactivated alkenes a (hetero)aryl neophyl-like radical migration.

Photoredox-catalyzed addition of the difluoromethylradical to unactivated alkenes has been found to trigger neophyl-like aryl and heteroaryl migrations which allowed the construction of a diverse series of difluoromethyl ketones. The reaction featured mild reaction conditions and broad substrate scope.

Photo-Induced Partially Aromatized Intramolecular Charge Transfer.

Diverse models of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) have been proposed for interpreting the origin of the charge-transfer (CT) state in donor-acceptor (D-A) dyes. However, a large variety of fused-heterocyclic dyes containing a pseudo-aromatic ring in the rigid structure have shown to be incompatible with them. To approximate a solution within the ICT concept, we reported a novel ICT model called partially aromatized intramolecular charge transfer (PAICT).

Neuroactive venom compounds obtained from as potential leads for neurodegenerative diseases: insights on their acetylcholinesterase and beta-secretase inhibitory activities .

Background: Spider venom is a rich cocktail of neuroactive compounds designed to prey capture and defense against predators that act on neuronal membrane proteins, in particular, acetylcholinesterases (AChE) that regulate synaptic transmission through acetylcholine (ACh) hydrolysis - an excitatory neurotransmitter - and beta-secretases (BACE) that primarily cleave amyloid precursor proteins (APP), which are, in turn, relevant in the structural integrity of neurons. The present study provides preliminary evidence on the therapeutic potential of venom against neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods: Spider venom was extracted by electrostimulation and fractionated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

The Venom of Philippine Tarantula (Theraphosidae) Contains Peptides with Pro-Oxidative and Nitrosative-Dependent Cytotoxic Activities against Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7) In Vitro.

Background: Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease that affects women worldwide. Its progression is likely to be executed by oxidative stress wherein elevated levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species drive several breast cancer pathologies. Spider venom contains various pharmacological peptides which exhibit selective activity to abnormal expression of ion channels on cancer cell surface which can confer potent anti-cancer activities against this disease.

Prevalence Rates of Loneliness and Its Impact on Lifestyle in the Healthy Population of Madrid, Spain.

Background: The Spanish population presents higher levels of loneliness than citizens of countries in Northern Europe. Numerous studies have linked loneliness to increased morbidity and mortality, but very few studies have associated loneliness with healthy lifestyles. The objectives of this research are to identify the feeling of unwanted loneliness in various age and gender groups in the city of Alcalá de Henares (Madrid, Spain), to determine lifestyle habits in the areas of diet and physical exercise, and to examine the association between lifestyle habits and perceived loneliness.

Anticancer potential of new 3-nitroaryl-6-(N-methyl)piperazin-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines targeting voltage-gated K channel: Copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis from 4-chloro-1-phthalazinyl-arylhydrazones.

A series of six 3-aryl-6-(N-methylpiperazin)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines were prepared through a facile and efficient one-pot copper-catalyzed procedure from 4-chloro-1-phthalazinyl-arylhydrazones with relatively good yields (62-83%). The one-pot copper-catalytic procedure consists of two simultaneous reactions: (i) a direct intramolecular dehydrogentaive cyclization between ylidenic carbon and adjacent pyrazine nitrogen to form 1,2,4-triazolo ring and, (ii) a direct N-amination on carbon-chlorine bond. Then, an in vitro anticancer evaluation was performed for the synthesized compounds against five selected human cancer cells (A549, MCF-7, SKBr3, PC-3 and HeLa).

Identification of dehydroxy isoquine and isotebuquine as promising antileishmanial agents.

Traditional antimalarial drugs based on 4-aminoquinolines have exhibited good antiproliferative activities against Leishmania parasites; however, their clinical use is currently limited. To identify new 4-aminoquinolines to combat American cutaneous leishmaniasis, we carried out a full in vitro evaluation of a series of dehydroxy isoquines and isotebuquines against two Leishmania parasites such as Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania mexicana. First, the antiproliferative activity of the quinolines was studied against the promastigote forms of L.

UBE3A: An E3 Ubiquitin Ligase With Genome-Wide Impact in Neurodevelopmental Disease.

UBE3A is an E3 ubiquitin ligase encoded by an imprinted gene whose maternal deletion or duplication leads to distinct neurodevelopment disorders Angelman and Dup15q syndromes. Despite the known genetic basis of disease, how changes in copy number of a ubiquitin ligase gene can have widespread impact in early brain development is poorly understood. Previous studies have identified a wide array of UBE3A functions, interaction partners, and ubiquitin targets, but no central pathway fully explains its critical role in neurodevelopment.

A Preliminary Proposal for Quality Control Assessment and Harmonization of Leukocytes Morphology-structural Parameters (cell Population Data Parameters).

Background: The cell population data (CPD) measured by Sysmex XN-9000 can be used for screening many hematological and non-hematological disorders. Since little information is available on harmonization of CPD among different instrumentation and clinical laboratories, this study aimed at assessing the current degree of CPD harmonization between separate Sysmex XN modules allocated to the same laboratory.

Methods: A total number of 78291 data were used for verification of within-run imprecision, analyzers harmonization, reference ranges and assessment of blood sample stability of CPD parameters, including results of daily quality control testing and those generated in samples collected from blood donors and healthy volunteers.

Identification of dehydroxy isoquine and isotebuquine as promising anticancer agents targeting K+ channel.

Traditional antimalarial drugs based on 4-aminoquinolines have exhibited good antiproliferative activities against human tumor cells; however, their low relative efficacy has limited their corresponding clinical uses. In order to identify new potent anticancer agents based on 4-aminoquinoline, we evaluated the antiproliferative activity of a series of dehydroxy isoquines and isotebuquines against five human cancer lines. HeLa and SKBr3 were significantly more sensitive to the action of tested quinolines than the A549, MCF-7, and PC-3 cancer lines.

Adherence to inhaled therapy in the outpatient setting.

Objective: To find out the degree of adherence to inhaled therapy in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and asthma in a pulmonology clinic. To identify the type of non-compliance and the different factors affecting it.

Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study in which 124 patients were included.

Thermal and seismic hints for chimney type cross-stratal fluid flow in onshore basins.

When modelling onshore sedimentary basins, modellers generally assume that semi-permeable layers (aquitards) greatly restrict vertical flow between aquifers. Aquitards are therefore considered as confining media and vertical flow is assumed to take place mainly within localised permeable faults, if any. In the offshore context, however, interpretation of seismic data frequently provides evidence of fluid flow between sedimentary layers via structurally disrupted formations (pervasive fractures) recognised as zones of reduced seismic amplitude and generically called "chimneys".

Evaluation and comparison of automated hematology analyzer, flow cytometry, and digital morphology analyzer for monocyte counting.

Introduction: This study was aimed to evaluate monocyte counts on Sysmex XN-9000, Sysmex CyFlow Space System, and Sysmex DI60 and compare the performance of these systems with the reference optical microscopy (OM) assessment.

Methods: In all, 55 peripheral blood samples, collected in K EDTA tubes, were analyzed with XN-9000, CyFlow System (FlowDiff1 and 2), DI60, and OM. Within-run imprecision was carried out using normal samples.

Synthesis, β-hematin inhibition studies and antimalarial evaluation of new dehydroxy isoquine derivatives against Plasmodium berghei: A promising antimalarial agent.

Many people are affected by Malaria around the world, and the parasite is developing resistance against available drugs. Currently, isoquine and N-tert-butyl isoquine are some of the most promising antimalarial candidates that have already reached Phase I and II clinical trials, respectively. Nevertheless, pharmacodynamic studies have demonstrated that isoquine is highly sensitive to form O-glucuronide metabolite, which may affect its accumulation in tissues.

In silico molecular docking studies of new potential 4-phthalazinyl-hydrazones on selected Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania enzyme targets.

Recently, a series of 4-phthalazinyl-hydrazones under its E-configuration have exhibited excellent in vitro antichagasic and antileishmanial profiles. Preliminary assays on both parasites suggested that the most active derivatives act through oxidative and nitrosative stress mechanisms; however, their exact mode of actions as anti-trypanosomal and anti-leishmanial agents have not been completely elucidated. This motivated to perform a molecular docking study on essential trypanosomatid enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), trypanothione reductase (TryR), cysteine-protease (CP) and pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1).

Aryl- or heteroaryl-based hydrazinylphthalazine derivatives as new potential antitrypanosomal agents.

A series of twenty phthalazinyl-hydrazones were synthesized and tested as potential anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents. The phthalazines containing 5-nitroheteroaryl moiety 3l and 3m displayed an excellent in vitro antitrypanosomal profile, exhibiting low micromolar EC values against proliferative epimastigote of T. cruzi and minimal toxicity toward Vero cells.

Design, synthesis, structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action studies of a series of 4-chloro-1-phthalazinyl hydrazones as a potent agent against Leishmania braziliensis.

With the aim to identify a potential drug candidate to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis, a series of 1-phthalazinyl hydrazones were synthesized and tested against Leishmania braziliensis parasite, one of the main responsible of this disease in the world. A structure-activity relationship permitted to identify two phthalazines containing nitroheterocyclic moiety 3l and 3m as promising new lead compounds. These compounds showed a significant antileishmanial activity against promastigote form of L.

Synthesis, β-hematin inhibition studies and antimalarial evaluation of dehydroxy isotebuquine derivatives against Plasmodium berghei.

Diverse dehydroxy-isotebuquine derivatives were prepared by using a five step synthetic sequence in good yields. All these new 4-aminoquinolines were evaluated as inhibitors of haemozoin formation, where most of them showed a significant inhibition value (% IHF >97). The best inhibitors were tested in vivo as potential antimalarials in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA chloroquine susceptible strain, three of them (11b, 11d and 11h) displayed an antimalarial activity comparable to that of chloroquine.

Northwestern Argentina: a center of genetic diversity of lemon verbena (Aloysia citriodora PALÁU, Verbenaceae).

The aerial parts of lemon verbena (Aloysia citriodora PALÁU) are worldwide used due to their medicinal and aromatic properties. The essential-oil and acteoside contents have been proposed as the main quality markers for their pharmacological and organoleptic features. The northwestern region of Argentina has been repeatedly proposed as the place of origin for this species.

[Metastatic Crohn's disease. Response to adalimumab dose intensification].

Inflammatory bowel disease is accompanied by extraintestinal manifestations in a high percentage of patients. Cutaneous lesions are the second most prevalent of these manifestations, and within these, metastatic Crohn's disease is one of the least common, being the least frequent specific cutaneous manifestation of Crohn's disease. This entity includes cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions with a non-caseating granulomatous appearance on histological analysis identical to that of Crohn's disease.