Effectiveness of the Copenhagen adduction modified position stage 1: EMG measurements and hand-held dynamometer analysis in young and healthy men.

Objectives: To verify the effectiveness of the use of a modified position of the Copenhagen Adduction (CA) stage 1 compared to the original position.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Laboratory.

Sex-related differences in motor control strategies during isometric contractions in the Sorensen test posture with different external loading.

Background: There is a sex-related difference in strength and endurance in trunk muscles: males have more strength while females have more endurance.

Objective: Investigate sex-related differences in motor control strategies in back muscles during isometric contractions (IC) in the Sorensen test posture.

Methods: Thirty-six healthy and young volunteers performed different tasks: three maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) tests recorded with a bio-feedback force sensor, and followed by five loaded IC (LIC) tests using bodyweight and loads of 0 to 8 kg with a 2-kg step.