[Organ-preserving treatment for urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract].

Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract is rare but the incidence is currently increasing in western countries. Radical nephroureterectomy has long been the standard treatment; however, it can lead to chronic kidney failure and also the necessity for dialysis. Therefore, organ-preserving treatment is now recommended for selected patients with low-risk tumors.

[Rare case of leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a young man].

Leiomyosarcomas are rare, highly aggressive tumors of the urinary bladder. With approximately 200 cases reported in the literature, there is limited data on the prognosis and treatment of these neoplasms. Curative treatment approaches are primarily characterized by radical surgery, especially radical cystectomy.

[Follow-up after urinary diversion].

Radical cystectomy is currently the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Different parts of the small and large intestines can be utilized for continent and incontinent urinary diversion. The postoperative follow-up after urinary diversion should consider functional, metabolic and oncological aspects.

[How good are we really? Incidence of postoperative bleeding requiring intervention and intraoperative electrocoagulation during Thulium laser enucleation of the prostate].

The need for intervention due to postoperative bleeding represents a significant complication in Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP). This study aimed to retrospectively analyse this complication in the treatment of benign prostatic enlargement. This study focuses on investigating potential causative factors for postoperative bleeding requiring intervention as well as the use of intraoperative electrocoagulation.

[Thulium or holmium laser or both: where will the journey take us?].

The Holmium:YAG laser has been the gold standard for laser lithotripsy over the past three decades and, since the late 1990s, also for prostate enucleation. Pulsed thulium fibre lasers (TFL) demonstrated their efficacy in in-vitro experiments and were introduced to the market a few years ago. Initial clinical results for TFL in lithotripsy and enucleation are very promising.

The influence of socioeconomic status and gender on incidence and survival in bladder cancer: a longitudinal study based on the Hamburg Cancer Registry.

Background: To investigate the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) and gender on the incidence and survival of patients with bladder cancer on a small scale within the city of Hamburg, Germany.

Methods: Patients documented in the Hamburg Cancer Registry aged ≥ 18 years with primary bladder carcinoma (ICD-10: C67, D09.0), diagnosed in the period 2004-2020 (follow-up until 31.

[Lichen sclerosus in clinically relevant phimosis: incidence, risk factors, and association with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis].

Background: Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. It is frequently diagnosed following circumcision. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor in men.

[Randomised comparison of different exit strategies in hydrocele resection].

Introduction: Adult hydrocele is a benign enlargement of the scrotum seen in approximately 60/100,000 men >18 years of age. Surgical resection of the hydrocele has been established as the gold standard for the treatment of symptomatic hydroceles. Postoperative complications are common with this surgery.

Primary mediastinal germ cell tumours: an immunohistochemical and molecular diagnostic approach.

Aims: Primary mediastinal germ cell tumours (PMGCTs) are rare mediastinal neoplasms, and their diagnosis can be challenging, owing to small biopsy samples. The aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic algorithm using immunohistochemical staining, with a focus on novel markers, and molecular analysis of isochromosome 12p [i(12p)].

Methods And Results: Paraffin-embedded tissues of 32 mediastinal tumours were analysed with immunohistochemical staining for sal-like transcription factor 4 (SALL4), Lin-28 homologue A (LIN28), octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT3/4), D2-40, cluster of differentiation 117 (CD117), sex-determining region Y-box 17, sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), cluster of differentiation 30, the β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2), glypican-3 (GPC3), α-fetoprotein (AFP), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), nuclear protein of the testis (NUT), and pan-cytokeratin.

The detection of isochromosome i(12p) in malignant germ cell tumours and tumours with somatic malignant transformation by the use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Aims: Malignant germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the testis are rare neoplasms, but the most common solid malignancies in young men. World Health Organization guidelines divide GCTs into five types, for which numerous immunohistochemical markers allow exact histological subtyping in the majority of cases. In contrast, a germ cell origin is often hard to prove in metastatic GCTs that have developed so-called somatic malignant transformation.