Mating Behaviour Influences the Direction and Geographic Extent of Introgression in New Zealand Fishing Spiders (Dolomedes).

Introgression is a highly influential process in evolution, where genes flow between species that are not fully reproductively isolated. Studies on introgression often focus on describing gene transfer and environmental changes that facilitate the meeting of species. However, the impact of mating systems and behaviour that facilitate gene transfer is less well-known.

IncobotulinumtoxinA Is an Effective and Well-Tolerated Treatment for Upper Facial Lines: Results From an Open-Label Extension Period of a Phase III Study.

Background: In clinical practice, different upper facial areas are commonly treated together.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of repeated incobotulinumtoxinA injections for the treatment of upper facial lines (UFL) in a 3-month open-label extension (OLEX) period.

Materials And Methods: In the main study period (randomized, double blind, placebo controlled; n = 156), subjects with moderate-to-severe UFL (glabellar frown lines [GFL], horizontal forehead lines [HFL], and lateral periorbital lines [LPL]) on the 5-point Merz Aesthetics Scales (MAS) received 54 to 64 U incobotulinumtoxinA or placebo.

Duration of Clinical Efficacy of OnabotulinumtoxinA in Crow's Feet Lines: Results from Two Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trials.

Background: Duration of esthetic treatments may contribute to subject satisfaction.

Objective: Describe response duration with onabotulinumtoxinA in crow's feet lines (CFL) and the association of duration with perception of improvement.

Methods: Subjects from 2 double-blind, placebo-controlled trials received onabotulinumtoxinA 24 U in CFL; Study 2 subjects could also receive 20 U in glabella.

Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of crows feet lines: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: This study was part of a Phase 3 program treating crow's feet lines (CFL) with onabotulinumtoxinA.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA treatment of CFL.

Methods: This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 5-month study randomized subjects with moderate-to-severe CFL (maximum smile) to onabotulinumtoxinA (24 U; n = 222) or placebo (n = 223).