Immune response induced by a Streptococcus suis multi-serotype autogenous vaccine used in sows to protect post-weaned piglets.

Streptococcus suis is a bacterial pathogen that causes important economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Since there are no current commercial vaccines, the use of autogenous vaccines applied to gilts/sows to enhance transfer of passive immunity is an attractive alternative to protect weaned piglets. However, there is no universal standardization in the production of autogenous vaccines and the vaccine formulation may be highly different among licenced manufacturing laboratories.

Is more always better? Dose effect in a multidomain intervention in older adults at risk of dementia.

Background: Little is known regarding the dose-response function in multidomain interventions for dementia prevention.

Method: The Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial is a 3-year randomized controlled trial comprising cognitive training, physical activity, nutrition, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for at-risk older adults. The dose delivered (number of sessions attended) was modeled against global cognition, memory, and fluency in 749 participants.

Neural correlates of resilience to the effects of hippocampal atrophy on memory.

Introduction: Cognitive reserve can be defined as a property of the brain that enables an individual to sustain cognitive performance in spite of age-related neural changes. This study uses brain imaging to identify which cognitive reserve mechanisms protect against the detrimental effect of hippocampal atrophy on associative memory.

Methods: The study included 108 older adults from the Quebec Consortium for the early identification of Alzheimer's disease.

Trajectories of decline on instrumental activities of daily living prior to dementia in persons with mild cognitive impairment.

Objectives: The main objective was to determine the trajectory of instrumental activities of daily living (iADL) decline in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who progressed towards dementia relative to persons with MCI who remained stable.

Methods/design: At study entry, 121 participants met criteria for MCI. Based on the follow-up, 47 participants later converted to dementia and were identified as progressors.

Tumour response 3 months after neoadjuvant single-fraction radiotherapy for low-risk breast cancer.

Introduction: Standard treatment for early-stage invasive breast cancer (bca) consists of breast-conserving surgery and several weeks of adjuvant radiotherapy (rt). Neoadjuvant single-fraction rt is a novel approach for early-stage bca. We sought to investigate the effect of delaying surgery after neoadjuvant rt with respect to the rate of pathologic response (pr).

The Virtual Shop: A new immersive virtual reality environment and scenario for the assessment of everyday memory.

Background: Assessing and predicting memory performance in everyday life is a common assignment for neuropsychologists. However, most traditional neuropsychological tasks are not conceived to capture everyday memory performance.

New Method: The Virtual Shop is a fully immersive task developed to assess memory in a more ecological way than traditional neuropsychological assessments.

Patterns of Cognitive Decline Prior to Dementia in Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Only a limited number of studies have investigated the decline of discrete cognitive domains as individuals progress from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. Thus, the goal of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the cognitive changes underway during the years preceding a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), and to compare these changes to those found in MCI participants who do not progress to dementia. Participants were compared as a function of whether they later converted to AD (n = 47) or not (n = 74).

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The aim of this study is to better understand the role of housing in the recovery of people living with severe mental illness. Forty residents of various kinds of structured community housing facilities were questioned about housing conditions that were favourable to their recovery. The results indicate that, for the residents, material conditions have a determining influence on recovery.