Covalent Linkage of BODIPY-Photosensitizers to Anderson-Type Polyoxometalates Using CLICK Chemistry.

The covalent attachment of molecular photosensitizers (PS) to polyoxometalates (POMs) opens new pathways to PS-POM dyads for light-driven charge-transfer and charge-storage. Here, we report a synthetic route for the covalent linkage of BODIPY-dyes to Anderson-type polyoxomolybdates by using CLICK chemistry (i. e.

Carbohydrate depletion in roots impedes phosphorus nutrition in young forest trees.

Nutrient imbalances cause the deterioration of tree health in European forests, but the underlying physiological mechanisms are unknown. Here, we investigated the consequences of decreasing root carbohydrate reserves for phosphorus (P) mobilisation and uptake by forest trees. In P-rich and P-poor beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests, naturally grown, young trees were girdled and used to determine root, ectomycorrhizal and microbial activities related to P mobilisation in the organic layer and mineral topsoil in comparison with those in nongirdled trees.

Photochemical Synthesis of ,,-1,2,3,4-Tetrakis(diphenylphosphanyl)buta-1,3-diene and Its Metal Coordination.

The new bis(bidentate) tetraphosphane ,,-1,2,3,4-tetrakis(diphenylphosphanyl)buta-1,3-diene (dppbd) () was obtained by applying a photochemical synthetic protocol. The key step of the photochemical reaction consisted of an intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition involving a C-C double and triple bond of the Pt-dimer species of the formula [PtCl(dppa)(-dppen)] () {dppa = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)acetylene and dppen = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethene} leading to [PtCl(dppbd)] (). The asymmetrically bridged precursor complex was obtained by combinatorial chemistry.

Fruit fracture biomechanics and the release of Lepidium didymum pericarp-imposed mechanical dormancy by fungi.

The biomechanical and ecophysiological properties of plant seed/fruit structures are fundamental to survival in distinct environments. Dispersal of fruits with hard pericarps (fruit coats) encasing seeds has evolved many times independently within taxa that have seed dispersal as their default strategy. The mechanisms by which the constraint of a hard pericarp determines germination timing in response to the environment are currently unknown.