The emissions of CO and other volatiles from the world's subaerial volcanoes.

Volcanoes are the main pathway to the surface for volatiles that are stored within the Earth. Carbon dioxide (CO) is of particular interest because of its potential for climate forcing. Understanding the balance of CO that is transferred from the Earth's surface to the Earth's interior, hinges on accurate quantification of the long-term emissions of volcanic CO to the atmosphere.

Earth Observations from DSCOVR/EPIC Instrument.

The NOAA Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) spacecraft was launched on February 11, 2015, and in June 2015 achieved its orbit at the first Lagrange point or L1, 1.5 million km from Earth towards the Sun. There are two NASA Earth observing instruments onboard: the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR).

Author Correction: India Is Overtaking China as the World's Largest Emitter of Anthropogenic Sulfur Dioxide.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

India Is Overtaking China as the World's Largest Emitter of Anthropogenic Sulfur Dioxide.

Severe haze is a major public health concern in China and India. Both countries rely heavily on coal for energy, and sulfur dioxide (SO) emitted from coal-fired power plants and industry is a major pollutant contributing to their air quality problems. Timely, accurate information on SO sources is a required input to air quality models for pollution prediction and mitigation.

Spaceborne detection of localized carbon dioxide sources.

Spaceborne measurements by NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) at the kilometer scale reveal distinct structures of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) caused by known anthropogenic and natural point sources. OCO-2 transects across the Los Angeles megacity (USA) show that anthropogenic CO enhancements peak over the urban core and decrease through suburban areas to rural background values more than ~100 kilometers away, varying seasonally from ~4.4 to 6.

First recorded eruption of Nabro volcano, Eritrea, 2011.

We present a synthesis of diverse observations of the first recorded eruption of Nabro volcano, Eritrea, which began on 12 June 2011. While no monitoring of the volcano was in effect at the time, it has been possible to reconstruct the nature and evolution of the eruption through analysis of regional seismological and infrasound data and satellite remote sensing data, supplemented by petrological analysis of erupted products and brief field surveys. The event is notable for the comparative rarity of recorded historical eruptions in the region and of caldera systems in general, for the prodigious quantity of SO emitted into the atmosphere and the significant human impacts that ensued notwithstanding the low population density of the Afar region.