Associations of non-invasive indices of liver steatosis and fibrosis with progressive kidney impairment in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Longitudinal data linking non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to kidney dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D) are limited. This study evaluated the associations of non-invasive indices of liver steatosis and liver fibrosis with kidney impairment, and the mediatory role of the pro-angiogenic factor leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1).

Methods: T2D adults (n = 2057) were followed for a mean period of 6.

Plasma osteoprotegerin as a biomarker of poor glycaemic control that predicts progression of albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A 3-year longitudinal cohort study.

Aims: Poor glycaemic control elevates the risk for vascular complications. Biomarkers for predicting susceptibility to glycaemic worsening are lacking. This 3-year prospective analysis assessed the utility of several circulating diabetes-related biomarkers for predicting loss of glycaemic control, and their contribution to albuminuria progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Association of traditional and novel measures of central obesity with cognitive performance in older multi-ethnic Asians with type 2 diabetes.

Literature evaluating the relationship between central obesity and cognitive deficits in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains scarce. This cross-sectional analysis explored the association of novel and traditional central obesity measures with cognitive performance in older (aged ≥60 years) non-demented multi-ethnic Asians with T2DM, including a stratified analysis by body mass index (BMI). Cognitive function was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status.

Role of endothelium-independent vasodilation in the relationship between visceral adiposity and reduced cognitive performance in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: In this cross-sectional analysis, we sought to assess the relationship of adiposity and forearm microvascular reactivity with cognitive dysfunction among older Asians with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Subjects with T2D aged ≥ 55 years were analyzed (N = 907). Cognitive performance was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE).

Building a Longitudinal National Integrated Cardiovascular Database - Lessons Learnt From SingCLOUD.

Real world data on clinical outcomes and quality of care for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are fragmented. We describe the rationale and design of the Singapore Cardiovascular Longitudinal Outcomes Database (SingCLOUD). We designed a health data grid to integrate clinical, administrative, laboratory, procedural, prescription and financial data from all public-funded hospitals and primary care clinics, which provide 80% of health care in Singapore.

Association between gain in adiposity and diabetic kidney disease worsening in type 2 diabetes is mediated by deteriorating glycaemic control: A 3-year follow-up analysis.

Aims: Increased adiposity confers elevated risk for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This 3-year prospective study examined whether worsening of metabolic control e.g.

PAX4 R192H is associated with younger onset of Type 2 diabetes in East Asians in Singapore.

Aims: Young-onset T2D (YT2D) is associated with a more fulminant course and greater propensity for diabetic complications. The association of PAX4 R192H (rs2233580) variation with YT2D was inconsistent partly because of its Asian-specificity and under-representation of Asians in international consortiums. Interestingly, in our preliminary YT2D (mean = 25 years old) cohort, the prevalence of PAX4 R192H variant was remarkably higher (21.

Gain in adiposity over 3 years is associated with progressive renal decline in multi-ethnic South-east Asians with type 2 diabetes.

Background: This study evaluated the association between gain in adiposity and renal decline in a large prospective multiethnic South-east Asian cohort with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Three years after the baseline visit, 2057 T2DM subjects were recalled for reassessment. The final cohort comprised 1014 subjects and was categorized into tertiles based on changes in body weight (ΔWt), body mass index (ΔBMI), visceral fat area (ΔVFA), and BMI-adjusted VFA (ΔVFA ).

Excess visceral adiposity is associated with diabetic retinopathy in a multiethnic Asian cohort with longstanding type 2 diabetes.

Unlabelled: Purpose/Aim: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common diabetic microvascular complication, and it typically develops after 10 years of diabetes diagnosis. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the association between adiposity and DR susceptibility among individuals with longstanding type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, DR was assessed by fundus photography in 953 T2D subjects.

Association of apolipoprotein-CIII (apoC-III), endothelium-dependent vasodilation and peripheral neuropathy in a multi-ethnic population with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Apart from hyperglycemia, its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Apolipoprotein-CIII (apoC-III) associated with triglyceride metabolism, is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Baseline predictors of aortic stiffness progression among multi-ethnic Asians with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Aims: This 3-year prospective study aimed to identify baseline parameters that predicted the progression of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), which was used to evaluate aortic stiffness, among Singapore's multi-ethnic Asians with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: The cf-PWV was measured by the gold-standard tonometry method in 994 T2DM subjects at baseline and follow-up. The annual rate of cf-PWV change was calculated, and individuals above the 90 percentile with rate≥1.

Genetic variants in the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) gene were associated with circulating soluble RAGE level but not with renal function among Asians with type 2 diabetes: a genome-wide association study.

Background: The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) has been shown to play an important role in diabetic complications. We conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sRAGE in Asian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patient and validated the association in an independent cohort of T2DM.

Methods: GWAS for sRAGE was performed in 2058 T2DM patients.

Association of the anti-angiogenic factor secreted protein and rich in cysteine (SPARC) with vascular complications among Chinese type 2 diabetic patients in Singapore.

Aims: This study evaluated the association of the anti-angiogenic SPARC with known angiogenesis-associated factors and diabetes-related micro- and macro-vascular complications in a Singapore Chinese cohort with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Plasma SPARC was measured by immunoassay in 438 T2DM adults (mean age:58±11years).

Results: Higher SPARC levels in subjects stratified by SPARC tertiles displayed decreased pro-angiogenic adiponectin, osteopontin, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 concentrations (all p<0.

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The epidemiology of CKD secondary to type 2 DM (T2DM) (i.e.

Ethnic disparity in central arterial stiffness and its determinants among Asians with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: We previously reported ethnic disparity in adverse outcomes among Asians with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Singapore. Central arterial stiffness can aggravate systemic vasculopathy by propagating elevated systolic and pulse pressures forward, thereby accentuating global vascular injury. We aim to study ethnic disparity in central arterial stiffness and its determinants in a multi-ethnic T2DM Asian cohort.

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, but not intercellular adhesion molecule-1, is associated with diabetic kidney disease in Asians with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Aims: The association of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 with cardiovascular diseases has been well-studied. However, their roles in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are incompletely understood. We aim to study the association of plasma ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 with DKD in Asians with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Evaluation of body adiposity index as a predictor of aortic stiffness in multi-ethnic Asian population with type 2 diabetes.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the predictive ability of the recently developed body adiposity index for aortic stiffness, an intermediate endpoint of cardiovascular disease, in a cross-sectional multi-ethnic Asian type 2 diabetes mellitus cohort (N = 1408). AS was estimated using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity measured by applanation tonometry.