Phosphoantigens glue butyrophilin 3A1 and 2A1 to activate Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.

In both cancer and infections, diseased cells are presented to human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells through an 'inside out' signalling process whereby structurally diverse phosphoantigen (pAg) molecules are sensed by the intracellular domain of butyrophilin BTN3A1. Here we show how-in both humans and alpaca-multiple pAgs function as 'molecular glues' to promote heteromeric association between the intracellular domains of BTN3A1 and the structurally similar butyrophilin BTN2A1. X-ray crystallography studies visualized that engagement of BTN3A1 with pAgs forms a composite interface for direct binding to BTN2A1, with various pAg molecules each positioned at the centre of the interface and gluing the butyrophilins with distinct affinities.

Sex- and age-specific prevalence and risk factors of depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Although depressive symptoms are common in PD, few studies investigated sex and age differences in depressive symptoms. Our study aimed to explore the sex and age differences in the clinical correlates of depressive symptoms in patients with PD. 210 PD patients aged 50-80 were recruited.

Preparation and Application of Nanozymes with Uricase-Like Activity Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers.

Nanozymes have advantages over natural enzymes in terms of efficiency, stability, and economy. MVSM (Mixed Valence State MOF) is a nano-oxidase with uricase-like activity that may catalyze uric acid (UA) in the body into allantoin and H O to treat gout and hyperuricemia by substituting natural uricase. However, it cannot specifically identify and choose UA.

COVID-19 vaccination status and associated factors among lactating women during the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional study in southern China.

Objectives: Different countries and institutions around the world have debated whether lactating women should receive the COVID-19 vaccine during the COVID-19 pandemic. In China, lactating is not a contraindication to vaccination, but many women are still hesitant to get vaccinated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of COVID-19 vaccination among lactating women and the related factors affecting vaccination.

Sulfonic acid-functionalized PCP(Cr) catalysts with Cr and -SOH sites for 5-ethoxymethylfurfural production from glucose.

5-Ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) has been identified as a potential biofuel and fuel additive, for which the production from glucose (the most abundant and inexpensive monosaccharide) in a one-step process would be highly desirable. Here, the synthesis of sulfonic acid-functionalized porous coordination polymers (PCPs) and their application as catalysts for EMF synthesis are reported. PCP(Cr)-BA (PCP material with Cr ions and HBDC-SOH linkers) and PCP(Cr)-NA (PCP material with Cr ions and HNDC(SOH) linkers) materials containing both Cr sites and Brønsted-acidic -SOH sites were prepared.

A structure-dependent ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on metal-organic framework for detection of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.

In the present work, a structure-dependent ratiometric fluorescence (RF) sensor constructed with boric acid-modified carbon quantum dots (B-CQDs) and Tb-MOF(MOF-76) was developed for sensing 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA). Based on the distinct fluorescent responses of B-CQDs and MOF-76 to DPA, MOF-76/B-CQDs can be developed as a RF sensor for DPA detection. In this RF sensor, the reticulated cross-linked structure of MOF-76/B-CQDs can be destroyed by DPA due to a strong coordination effect between DPA and the Tb of MOF-76, resulting in the quenching of the fluorescence of B-CQD and the restoration of the fluorescence of MOF-76 after the addition of DPA.