Analysis of volatile flavor and lipids in different breeds of pork using electronic noses, GC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS.

As a local pig breed, Mi pig (MP) is highly prized by Chinese consumers for its unique flavor and exceptional quality. This study aimed to investigate the differences in volatile profile between MP and commercial crossbred pigs (CP), as well as potential factors contributing to these variations. Results showed that MP had significantly higher intramuscular fat (IMF) content (7.

Atomevo-odor: A database for understanding olfactory receptor-odorant pairs with multi-artificial intelligence methods.

Interactions between olfactory receptors (ORs) and specific odorant molecules encode many distinct odors through intricate activation patterns. In this study, in order to enhance our understanding of olfactory perception, Atomevo-Odor (http://cslodordatabase.7fx.

Structural insights into transcription regulation of the global OmpR/PhoB family regulator PhoP from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

As a global transcription activator or repressor, the representative OmpR/PhoB family response regulator PhoP plays a crucial role in regulating bacterial pathogenicity and stress adaptation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation that define its differential functions remain largely unclear. In the present study, we determine three cryo-EM structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) PhoP-dependent transcription activation complexes (PhoP-TACs) and build one preliminary cryo-EM structure model of Mtb PhoP-dependent transcription repression complex (PhoP-TRC).

SARS-CoV-2 resistance analyses from the Phase 3 PINETREE study of remdesivir treatment in nonhospitalized participants.

Remdesivir inhibits the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp; Nsp12). Here, we conducted viral resistance analyses from the Phase 3 PINETREE trial of remdesivir in nonhospitalized participants at risk of severe COVID-19. Nasopharyngeal swabs (collected at baseline [Day 1], Days 2, 3, 7, and 14) were eligible for analysis if their viral load was above the lower limit of quantification for the RT-qPCR assay (2228 copies/mL).

Rigidly Axial O Coordination-Induced Spin Polarization on Single Ni-N-C Site by MXene Coupling for Boosting Electrochemical CO Reduction to CO.

Regulating the spin states in transition-metal (TM)-based single-atom catalysts (SACs), such as the TM-NC configurations, is crucial for improving the catalytic activity. However, the role of spin in single Ni atoms facilitating the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) has been largely overlooked. Using first-principles simulations, we investigated the electrocatalytic performance of Ni-N-C SACs vertically stacked on the O-terminated MXene nanosheets for the CORR.

Photoelectrocatalytic Synthesis of Urea from Carbon Dioxide and Nitrate over a CuO Photocathode.

Transformation of carbon dioxide and nitrate ions into urea offers an attractive route for both nitrogen fertilizer production and environmental remediation. However, achieving this transformation under mild conditions remains challenging. Herein, we report an efficient photoelectrochemical method for urea synthesis by co-reduction of carbon dioxide and nitrate ion over a CuO photocathode, delivering urea formation rate of 29.

Engineering Spin Polarization of the Surface-Adsorbed Fe Atom by Intercalating a Transition Metal Atom into the MoS Bilayer for Enhanced Nitrogen Reduction.

The precise control of spin states in transition metal (TM)-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) is crucial for advancing the functionality of electrocatalysts, yet it presents significant scientific challenges. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we propose a novel mechanism to precisely modulate the spin state of the surface-adsorbed Fe atom on the MoS bilayer. This is achieved by strategically intercalating a TM atom into the interlayer space of the MoS bilayer.

Interplay between Defects and Short-Range Disorder Manipulating the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on a Layered Double Hydroxide Electrocatalyst.

Improving the efficiency of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for advancing sustainable and environmentally friendly hydrogen energy. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have emerged as promising electrocatalysts for the OER. However, a thorough understanding of the impact of structural disorder and defects on the catalytic activity of LDHs remains limited.

Broad-spectrum activity of bulevirtide against clinical isolates of HDV and recombinant pan-genotypic combinations of HBV/HDV.

Background & Aims: Bulevirtide (BLV) is a small lipopeptide agent that specifically binds to the sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) bile salt transporter and HBV/HDV receptor on the surface of human hepatocytes and inhibits HDV and HBV entry. As a satellite virus of HBV, HDV virions are formed after assembly of HDV RNA with the HBV envelope proteins (HBsAg). Because both viruses exist as eight different genotypes, this creates a potential for high diversity in the HBV/HDV combinations.

Elicitation of T-cell-derived IFN-γ-dependent immunity by highly conserved Plasmodium ovale curtisi Duffy binding protein domain region II (PocDBP-RII).

Background: Infections with Plasmodium ovale are widely distributed but rarely investigated, and the resulting burden of disease has been underestimated. Plasmodium ovale curtisi Duffy binding protein domain region II (PocDBP-RII) is an essential ligand for reticulocyte recognition and host cell invasion by P. ovale curtisi.

Gut microbial genetic variation modulates host lifespan, sleep, and motor performance.

Recent studies have shown that gut microorganisms can modulate host lifespan and activities, including sleep quality and motor performance. However, the role of gut microbial genetic variation in regulating host phenotypes remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the links between gut microbial genetic variation and host phenotypes using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster as research models.

Coexistence of Au single atoms and Au nanoparticles on NiAl-LDH for selective electrooxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde.

Introducing different active sites into heterogeneous catalysts provides new prospects to address the challenges in single-atom catalysis. Herein, the Au single atoms together and the Au nanoparticles were loaded onto NiAl-LDH by a facile impregnation-reduction method for the first time, resulting in the formation of Au-NiAl-LDH, in which abundant Au single atoms are located around the Au nanoparticles with ∼5 nm size. When applied in the electrocatalytic benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction (BAOR), the as-prepared Au-NiAl-LDH exhibits a remarkable selectivity of 91% and 177.

Tracing global NO emission mitigation strategies through trade networks.

Nitrous oxide (NO) is the third most potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and the most important ozone depleting substance. But how global NO emissions are connected through the interwoven trade network remains unclear. This paper attempts to specifically trace anthropogenic NO emissions via global trade networks using a multi-regional input-output model and a complex network model.

Global trade networks bring targeted opportunity for energy-related CH emission mitigation.

Recent literature highlights the contributions the global energy sector has made to anthropogenic CH emissions, calling for immediate action. However, extant studies have failed to reveal the energy-related CH emissions induced by global trades of intermediate and final commodities or services. This paper traces fugitive CH emissions via global trade networks using the multi-regional input-output and complex network models.

Enhancing the Thermotolerance of Isochrysis zhangjiangensis Through Co-culturing With Algoriphagus marincola.

Isochrysis zhangjiangensis is an important microalgal species used as bait in aquaculture. However, its optimal cultivation temperature is around 25 °C, limiting its use in summer when temperature is higher. To overcome this limitation, we aimed to develop a consortia of I.

No virologic resistance to bulevirtide monotherapy detected in patients through 24 weeks treatment in phase II and III clinical trials for chronic hepatitis delta.

Background & Aims: Bulevirtide (BLV) is a HDV/HBV entry inhibitor that is associated with virologic response (responders, HDV-RNA undetectable or ≥2 log IU/ml decrease from baseline) in >50% of patients after a 24-week treatment. However, some patients only achieve a <1 log IU/ml decline in HDV-RNA after the 24-week treatment (non-responders). Here, we report a viral resistance analysis in participants receiving BLV monotherapy who were non-responders or experienced virologic breakthrough (VB, i.

Identification of Active Sites Formed on Cobalt Oxyhydroxide in Glucose Electrooxidation.

Transition-metal-based oxyhydroxides are efficient catalysts in biomass electrooxidation towards fossil-fuel-free production of valuable chemicals. However, identification of active sites remains elusive. Herein, using cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) as the archetype and the electrocatalyzed glucose oxidation reaction (GOR) as the model reaction, we track dynamic transformation of the electronic and atomic structure of the catalyst using a suite of operando and ex situ techniques.

Chiral Hierarchical Architecture Induced by Confinement-Assisted Living Supramolecular Polymerization of Simple Achiral Molecules.

Chiral supramolecular assembly (CSA) based on achiral molecules has provided important clues to understand the origin of biological chirality. However, a simple achiral monomer faces the challenge of chiral stacking with the absence of a chiral resource. The difficulty is that simple achiral monomer lacks steric repulsion to provide asymmetry during hierarchical assembly, which is a prerequisite for chiral stacking with an angle.

Plasma Metabolic Analysis Reveals the Dysregulation of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by high morbidity, high disability rate, and slow course of disease. The clinical diagnostic method of PD is complex and time-consuming, and there is no clear biomarker for clinical use. We aimed to investigate the plasma metabolites in PD and find out potential biomarkers with diagnostic ability.

[Four Chinese patent medicines for regulating stomach for functional dyspepsia: a rapid health technology assessment].

This study evaluated and compared the efficacy, safety and economy of four Chinese patent medicines(CPMs) in the treatment of functional dyspepsia(FD) using the method of rapid health technology assessment. It aims to provide decision-makers with rapid decision-making information. The eight Chinese and English databases were comprehensively and systematically searched for the relevant clinical research.

[Scoping review of clinical evidence of Chinese patent medicines for digestive system diseases in children].

This study analyzed and reported the basic information and clinical evidence of Chinese patent medicines for digestive system diseases in children in a scoping review manner. Based on the drug instructions, the basic information of Chinese patent medicines for digestive system diseases in children was obtained by searching the three lists of national medicines. At the same time, the relevant clinical literatures from the first day of establishment to March 7, 2022 were obtained from Chinese and English databases.

Electrocatalytic synthesis of adipic acid coupled with H production enhanced by a ligand modification strategy.

Adipic acid is an important building block of polymers, and is commercially produced by thermo-catalytic oxidation of ketone-alcohol oil (a mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone). However, this process heavily relies on the use of corrosive nitric acid while releases nitrous oxide as a potent greenhouse gas. Herein, we report an electrocatalytic strategy for the oxidation of cyclohexanone to adipic acid coupled with H production over a nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)) catalyst modified with sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS).

Integrated Analyses of miRNome and Transcriptome Reveal the Critical Role of miRNAs Toward Heat Stress Response in Isochrysis galbana.

Isochrysis galbana is widely used in aquaculture as a bait microalgal species. High temperature (HT) can severely impair the development of I. galbana, exerting adverse effects on its yield.

Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Promoted by a Ru Cu Single-Atom Alloy Catalyst.

Electrochemical reduction of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) represents an elegant route toward sustainable value-added chemicals production that circumvents the use of fossil fuel and hydrogen. However, the reaction efficiency is hampered by the high voltage and low activity of electrodes (Cu, Bi, Pb). Herein, we report a Ru Cu single-atom alloy (SAA) catalyst with isolated Ru atoms on Cu nanowires that exhibits an electrochemical reduction of HMF to 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF) with promoted productivity (0.