Modeling based dynamics mechanism and pathway of liposome penetration in multicellular tumor spheroid for liposome optimization.

Liposomes are widely recognized as effective drug delivery systems, characterized by biodegradability, biocompatibility, and ability to minimize toxicity. However, liposome-based nanotechnology has not demonstrated superior anti-tumor efficacy due to their limited intratumor penetration. Strategies to improve the tumor delivery efficiency of nanomedicine remain to be developed.

KDM4 Regulates the Glycolysis of Hemocytes in the Immune Priming of .

Immune priming confers a sustained, augmented response of innate immune cells to a secondary challenge, a process that is characteristically reliant on metabolic reprogramming. Recent evidence suggests that histone demethylases play essential roles in the immune priming, while its regulation role in the metabolic reprogramming remains largely unknown. In the present study, the concentration of glucose was significantly down-regulated in the hemocytes of crab after secondary stimulation with , while the expression levels of phosphofructokinase (PFK) pyruvate kinase (PK), hexokinase-2 (HK-2) and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), along with the concentrations of lactate and the ratio of NAD/NADH, were elevated.

CgIκB2 negatively regulates the expression of interferon-like protein by Rel/NF-κB signal in Crassostrea gigas.

Inhibitors of NF-κB (IκBs) have been implicated as major components of the Rel/NF-κB signaling pathway, playing an important negative regulatory role in host antiviral immunity such as in the activation of interferon (IFN) in vertebrates. In the present study, the immunomodulatory effect of IκB (CgIκB2) on the expression of interferon-like protein (CgIFNLP) was evaluated in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). After poly (I:C) stimulation, the mRNA expression level of CgIκB2 in haemocytes was significantly down-regulated at 3-12 h while up-regulated at 48-72 h.

Cation-Dependent Mixed Ionic-Electronic Transport in a Perylenediimide Small-Molecule Semiconductor.

A rapidly growing interest in organic bioelectronic applications has spurred the development of a wide variety of organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors. While these new mixed conductors have enabled the community to interface organic electronics with biological systems and efficiently transduce biological signals (ions) into electronic signals, the current materials selection does not offer sufficient selectivity towards specific ions of biological relevance without the use of auxiliary components such as ion-selective membranes. Here, we present the molecular design of an n-type (electron-transporting) perylene diimide semiconductor material decorated with pendant oligoether groups to facilitate interactions with cations such as Na and K.

Chemoproteomic Strategy Identifies PfUCHL3 as the Target of Halofuginone.

The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) continues to pose a significant public health challenge, leading to millions of fatalities globally. Halofuginone (HF) has shown a significant anti-P.

Salivary metabolites are promising noninvasive biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury.

Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common adverse events of medication use, and its incidence is increasing. However, early detection of DILI is a crucial challenge due to a lack of biomarkers and noninvasive tests.

Aim: To identify salivary metabolic biomarkers of DILI for the future development of noninvasive diagnostic tools.

Lipase-Responsive Lignin Composite Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Insoluble Bioactives.

Low solubility and chemical instability are the main problems with insoluble bioactives. Lignin, with its exceptional biological properties and amphiphilicity, holds promise as a delivery system material. In this study, glycerol esters were incorporated into alkali lignin (AL) through ether and ester bonds, resulting in the successful synthesis of three hydrophobically modified alkali lignins (AL-OA, AL-OGL, and AL-SAN-OGL).

Compound Shouwu Jiangzhi Granule regulates triacylglyceride synthesis to alleviate hepatic lipid accumulation.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease with few therapeutic options currently available. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used for thousands of years and exhibited remarkable advantages against such complicated disease for its "multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway" characteristics. Compound Shouwu Jiangzhi Granule (CSJG) is a clinical empirical prescription for the treatment of NAFLD, but its pharmacological mechanism remains unknown.

Efficacy and safety of robotic versus laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study.

Background: Evidence concerning long-term outcome of robotic liver resection (RLR) and laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is scarce.

Methods: This study enrolled all patients who underwent RLR and LLR for resectable HCC between July 2016 and July 2021. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to create a 1:3 match between the RLR and LLR groups.

The involvement of interferon regulatory factor 8 in regulating the proliferation of haemocytes in oyster Crassostrea gigas.

Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is an important transcriptional regulatory factor involving in multiple biological process, such as the antiviral immune response, immune cell proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, the involvement of a previously identified IRF8 homologue (CgIRF8) in regulating haemocyte proliferation of oyster were further investigated. CgIRF8 mRNA transcripts were detectable in all the stages of C.

A trace amine associated receptor mediates antimicrobial immune response in the oyster Crassostrea gigas.

Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors, playing an immunomodulatory function in the neuroinflammatory responses. In the present study, a TAAR homologue with a 7tm_classA_rhodopsin-like domain (designated as CgTAAR1L) was identified in oyster Crassostrea gigas. The abundant CgTAAR1L transcripts were detected in visceral ganglia and haemocytes compared to other tissues, which were 55.

YTHDC1 inhibits osteoclast differentiation to alleviate osteoporosis by enhancing PTPN6 messenger RNA stability in an m6A-hUR-dependent manner.

YTHDC1 has been confirmed to mediate osteoporosis (OP) progression by regulating osteogenic differentiation. However, whether YTHDC1 mediates osteoclast differentiation and its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the levels of YTHDC1, PTPN6, NFATc1, TRAP, RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase, and HUR.

Stearic acid-modified hollow hydroxyapatite particles with enhanced hydrophobicity for oil adsorption from oil spills.

Oil spills lead to a substantial depletion of aquatic biodiversity. The mitigation of an oil spill can entail considerable financial outlays, give rise to consequential environmental impacts, and present formidable operational complexities. In this research, hollow hydroxyapatite particles with enhanced oil adsorption characteristics were prepared by surface modification with stearic acid.

A pattern recognition receptor CgTLR3 involves in regulating the proliferation of haemocytes in oyster Crassostrea gigas.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed on various immune cells as key elements of innate and adaptive immunity, and they also play significant roles in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, the binding activity of CgTLR3 to PAMPs and CgMyD88-2, and its role in mediating the proliferation of haemocytes was investigated. The recombinant proteins of the extracellular six LRR domains (rCgTLR3-LRR) and intracellular TIR domain (rCgTLR3-TIR) of CgTLR3 were obtained respectively.

Acid/GSH Dual-Responsive Endosome Escape Dual Pro-drug Micelles Targeted Synergistic Treatment for A549/ADR.

The resistance of cancer cells to anticancer drugs has been recognized as one of the main reasons for chemotherapy failure. Multidrug combination therapy is one of the most effective ways to solve this problem. Therefore, in this article, we designed and synthesized a pH/GSH dual-responsive camptothecin/doxorubicin (CPT/DOX) dual pro-drug synergistic treatment system with the aim of overcoming the resistance of non-small cell lung cancer A549/ADR cells to DOX.

The DUF1943 and VWD domains endow Vitellogenin from Crassostrea gigas with the agglutination and inhibition ability to microorganism.

Vitellogenin (Vg) is the major precursor of the egg-yolk proteins, which mainly acts as an energy reserve molecule for providing nutrients during embryonic development. Vg also plays an immune function in vertebrates such as fish, but there are few studies on the immune function of Vg in invertebrates. In the present study, a Vg homologue (CgVg) was identified and characterized in oyster Crassostrea gigas.

A Novel Method to Describe Large-Range Stress-Strain Relations of Elastic-Plastic Materials Based on Energy Equivalence Principle.

Due to the unique structure of tensile sheet specimens with a circular hole (CHS specimen), a novel method is proposed to predict the large-range uniaxial stress-strain relations of elastic-plastic materials analytically. Based on the energy equivalence principle, a load-displacement semi-analytical model of the CHS specimen is proposed. Subsequently, a semi-analytical model of constitutive parameters of elastic-plastic materials is developed by virtue of the load-displacement relation of the CHS specimen, and the prediction of the material's stress-strain relations is obtained.

Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 regulates the proliferation of hemocytes in the oyster .

Background: Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is an essential epigenetic regulator of hematopoietic differentiation, which can specifically mono-methylate H3K4 (H3K4me1) and di-methylate H3K4 (H3K4me2) as a transcriptional corepressor. Previous reports have been suggested that it participated in hematopoiesis and embryonic development process. Here, a conserved LSD1 (LSD1) with a SWIRM domain and an amino oxidase (AO) domain was identified from the Pacific oyster .

The expression profile of a multi-stress inducible transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in Pacific oyster .

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is one of the major non-selective cation channel proteins, which plays a crucial role in sensing biotic and abiotic stresses, such as pathogen infection, temperature, mechanical pressure and osmotic pressure changes by regulating Ca homeostasis. In the present study, a TRPV4 homologue was identified in Pacific oyster , designated as TRPV4. The open reading frame (ORF) of TRPV4 was of 2298 bp encoding a putative polypeptide of 765 amino acid residues with three typical ankyrin domains and six conserved transmembrane domains of TRPV4 subfamily proteins, as well as multiple N-glycosylation sites, cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites, protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, and prokaryotic membrane lipoprotein lipid attachment site.

An ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (CgABCG2) regulates the haemocyte proliferation by modulating the G1/S phase transition of cell cycle in oyster Crassostrea gigas.

ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) is a half-transporter of the G subfamily in ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporter), which is involved in the regulation of multidrug-resistant, cell cycle, and cell proliferation. In the present study, a homologue of ABCG2 (named as CgABCG2) with the conserved AAA domain and ABC2 membrane domain was identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The open reading frame (ORF) of CgABCG2 was of 1956 bp encoding a predicted polypeptide of 652 amino acids, which shared 56.

Pathogenesis from Inflammation to Cancer in NASH-Derived HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. As opposed to the majority of patients with HCC, approximately 20-30% of cases of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-derived HCC develop malignant tumours in the absence of liver cirrhosis. NASH is characterized by metabolic dysregulation, chronic inflammation and cell death in the liver, which provide a favorable setting for the transformation of inflammation into cancer.

Risk factors for falls in hospitalized patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

A primary cancer diagnosis has been confirmed as an important risk factor for falls, and the incidence of falls has been shown to be higher in patients who have undergone cancer treatment than in those who have not undergone cancer treatment. Falls during hospitalization increase the medical costs of additional treatment and falls-related mortality. Many falls are preventable and a good understanding of the predictors of falls in this population is needed.