The dispersion method does not affect the in vitro genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes despite inducing surface alterations.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are a desirable class of high aspect ratio nanomaterials (HARNs) owing to their extensive applications. Given their demand, the growing occupational and consumer exposure to these materials has warranted an extensive investigation into potential hazards they may pose towards human health. This study utilised both the in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation and the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assays to investigate genotoxicity in human lymphoblastoid (TK6) and 16HBE14o human lung epithelial cells, following exposure to NM-400 and NM-401 MWCNTs for 24 h.

Similar efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections and other biologically active injections in patients with early stages knee osteoarthritis: a level I meta-analysis.

Introduction: The present meta-analysis compared the efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections in patients with early to mild knee osteoarthritis (OA) (Kellgren Lawrence I-II) versus other commonly injected biologically active compounds using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). The outcomes of interest were the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario McMaster Osteo-Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores.

Methods: This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA statement.

Management of Distal Femoral Non-union: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Managing distal femur fracture nonunion is complex, with unpredictable results. The present investigation systematically updates current evidence, reviews existing modalities, innovations and related outcomes, and discusses future perspectives on the management of nonunion of the distal femur.

Methods: This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the 2020 PRISMA statement.

The influence of nerve surgical techniques at time of amputation on the prevalence of heterotopic ossification in transtibial amputees.

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) can form after amputation and may cause pain and functional impairment. We aimed to describe the prevalence of HO in a civilian population of transtibial amputees. We hypothesized that the decreased rate of symptomatic neuroma following active nerve surgery (Targeted Muscle Reinnervation (TMR) or Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI)) may subsequently lead to a lower prevalence of HO compared to passive nerve surgery (i.

Impact of Patient-reported Symptom Information on the Interpretation of MRI of the Lumbar Spine.

Background Distinguishing lumbar pain generators from incidental findings at MRI can be difficult. Dictated reports may become lists of findings that cannot be ranked in order of diagnostic importance. Purpose To determine whether patient-reported symptom information can improve the interpretation of lumbar spine MRI by using the spine specialist as the reference standard.

Clinical relevance of patient-reported outcome measures in patients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Introduction: In orthopaedic research, it is crucial to determine changes that are statistically significant and clinically meaningful. One approach to accomplish this is by calculating the Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID), the Clinically Important Differences (CID), the Minimum Detectable Change (MDC), the Minimal Important Change (MIC), and the Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) values. These tools assist medical professionals in comprehending the patient's viewpoint, enabling them to establish treatment objectives that align with patients' desires and expectations.

Return to Sport Following Arthroscopic Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review.

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is common. The present systematic review updates the current evidence on return to sport (RTS) in patients who have undergone arthroscopic surgery for FAI in any of its variants (CAM, pincer, or both). The outcomes of interest were sports-related patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the level and time to RTS.

Evaluation of MRI features of neuromas in oncological amputees, and the relation to pain.

Objective: The impact of time on neuroma growth and morphology on pain intensity is unknown. This study aims to assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) differences between symptomatic and non-symptomatic neuromas in oncological amputees, and whether time influences MRI-detected neuroma dimensions and their association with pain.

Material And Methods: Oncological patients who underwent traditional extremity amputation were included.

Sacroiliac joint pain: what treatment and when.

Introduction: Spinal and non-spinal pathologies can cause low back pain. Non-spinal sources of low back pain include the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) and the hip. SIJ pain can be treated either conservatively or surgically.

Pharmacological management of secondary chronic spinal cord injury: a systematic review.

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) may bring lifelong consequences for affected patients and a high financial burden to the health care system.

Source Of Data: Published peer-reviewed scientific articles identified from EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus.

Areas Of Agreement: Surgery and blood pressure management are the main targets in acute SCI to avoid secondary damage.

Predictors of success of pharmacological management in patients with chronic lower back pain: systematic review.

Background: Conservative management is recommended as the first therapeutic step in chronic low back pain (LBP), but there is no available evidence regarding the possible effect of patients' baseline characteristics on the therapeutic outcomes. A systematic review of the literature was performed to investigate this point.

Methods: In February 2024, all the level I studies investigating the role of pharmacological management for chronic LBP were accessed.

Can gas and infection coexist in the intervertebral disc? A retrospective analysis of percutaneously biopsied suspected discitis-osteomyelitis cases.

Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate the correlation between intradiscal gas and infection in patients percutaneously biopsied for suspected discitis-osteomyelitis.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all CT-guided discitis-osteomyelitis biopsies performed between 2002 and 2022. Two independent trained musculoskeletal radiologists evaluated for presence of gas on CT and/or MRI within 1 week of the biopsy.

Dual energy computed tomography cannot effectively differentiate between calcium pyrophosphate and basic calcium phosphate diseases in the clinical setting.

Background: Recent reports suggested that dual-energy CT (DECT) may help discriminate between different types of calcium phosphate crystals , which would have important implications for the characterization of crystal deposition occurring in osteoarthritis.

Purpose: Our aim was to test the hypothesis that DECT can effectively differentiate basic calcium phosphate (BCP) from calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) deposition diseases.

Methods: Discarded tissue after total knee replacement specimens in a 71 year-old patient with knee osteoarthritis and chondrocalcinosis was scanned using DECT at standard clinical parameters.

Functional alignment in robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Purpose: The present study systematically reviewed current evidence on functional alignment (FA) in robotic total knee arthroplasty (TKA), discussing advantages and limitations, possible pitfalls, and prospects.

Methods: This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA statement. In August 2023, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Embase with no additional filters or time constraints.

Frequently Encountered Artifacts in the Application of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography to Cardiovascular Imaging for Urate Crystals in Gout: A Matched-Control Study.

Objective: There is surging interest in using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to identify cardiovascular monosodium urate (MSU) deposits in patients with gout. We sought to examine the prevalence and characterization of cardiovascular DECT artifacts using non-electrocardiogram (EKG)-gated DECT pulmonary angiograms.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed non-EKG-gated DECT pulmonary angiograms performed on patients with and without gout at a single academic center.

Minimal clinically important difference (MCID), substantial clinical benefit (SCB), and patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) in patients who have undergone total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Background: The present systematic review investigated the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), substantial clinical benefit (SCB), and patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) of several frequent and established PROMs used to assess patients who have undergone TKA. This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA statement.

Methods: In September 2023, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were accessed with no time constraint All clinical studies investigating tools to assess the clinical relevance of PROMs used to evaluate patients having received TKA were accessed.

Level I of evidence does not support manual lymphatic drainage for total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.

It is unclear whether manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is effective in reducing pain and swelling and improving knee function. The present study investigated the efficacy of MLD after TKA. The outcomes of interest are the range of motion (ROM), pain (visual analogue scale, VAS), and circumference of the lower leg.

Head, acetabular liner composition, and rate of revision and wear in total hip arthroplasty: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common procedure for patients suffering from hip pain e.g. from osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, or hip fractures.

Decreased rotator cuff muscle cross-sectional areas in subjects with adhesive capsulitis: a study comparing male and female subjects.

Objective: To compare rotator cuff (RC) muscle cross-sectional areas (CSA) in subjects with adhesive capsulitis (AC) to age- and sex-matched controls.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 97 shoulder MRIs or MR arthrography studies, of which 42 were clinically diagnosed with AC (27 female, 15 male) and 55 were age- and sex-matched controls (38 female, 17 male). All AC subjects underwent imaging ≥ 6 months after symptom onset.

Real-life safety of Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide/Bictegravir.

Introduction: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) are one of the most prescribed drug classes for the treatment of HIV infection worldwide. Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide/ Bictegravir (FTC/TAF/BIC) has been evaluated in randomized clinical trials; few studies have verified tolerability and safety in clinical practice. Our aim was to investigate the metabolic and hepatic safety in a real-life setting of FTC/TAF/BIC.

In Vivo Length Changes Between the Attachments of the Medial Patellofemoral Complex Fibers in Knees With Anatomic Risk Factors for Patellar Instability.

Background: Medial patellofemoral complex (MPFC) reconstruction plays an important role in the surgical treatment of patellar instability. Anatomic reconstruction is critical in re-creating the native function of the ligament, which includes minimizing length changes that occur in early flexion. Anatomic risk factors for patellar instability such as trochlear dysplasia, patella alta, and increased tibial tuberosity to trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance have been shown to influence the function of the MPFC graft in cadaveric studies, but the native length change patterns of the MPFC fibers in knees with anatomic risk factors have not been described.

Effects of Proton Craniospinal Radiation on Vertebral Body Growth Retardation in Children.

Purpose: It is of great interest to physicians and patients/patients' families to be able to predict the amount of growth decrement after craniospinal irradiation (CSI). Little data exist on the effect of proton CSI. Our aim was to determine the effect of proton CSI on vertebral body (VB) growth retardation, and to identify factors associated with growth delay.

A novel core biopsy needle with shorter dead space for percutaneous image-guided musculoskeletal biopsies - how does it compare with an established core biopsy needle?

Purpose: To compare diagnostic yield and utility of a novel core biopsy needle (NCBN) with shortened tip dead space for percutaneous musculoskeletal biopsies with an established core biopsy needle (ECBN).

Methods: This study was IRB approved and HIPAA compliant. All percutaneous biopsies using an NCBN performed between July 2020 and August 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.